毛蠓属一新种及一中国新记录种（双翅目：蠓科）

报道采自中国西北地区的毛蠓属（Dasyhelea)1新种－－散布毛蠓Dasyhelea (Pseudoculicoides)effusa Liu et Yu,sp.nov和1新记录种－－二裂毛蠓Dasyhelea (Pseudoculicoides)bifida Zilahi-Sebess,1936。模式标本保存在北京军事医学科学院医学昆虫标本馆。     

我国毛蠓属—新种及—新记录种（双翅目：蠓科）

报道采自中国青海省格尔木地区的毛蠓属（Dasyhelea）1新种;高原毛蠓Dasy-helea alticola Liu et Zhang,sp.nov.和1中国新记录种;花蕊毛蠓Dasyhelea calycata Remm1972,模式标本保存在北京军事医学科学院医学昆虫标本馆。     

中国蠓科(双翅目)一新种及三新纪录种记述

记述了毛蠓属中国3新纪录种及蠛蠓属1新种,它们分别是:共同毛蠓Dasyhelea communis Kirffer、黄腹毛蠓Dasyhelea luteoventris Goetghebuer、黄色毛蠓Dasyhelea lutea Remm and Zhogolev和留坝蠛蠓Lasiohelea gubaensis Yu,Liu et Yan,sp.nov.,并首次描述了这3种新纪录毛蠓的蛹和幼虫特征.所有标本都存于医学昆虫标本馆.     

库蠓属二种记述（双翅目，蠓科）

道了我国西北地区库蠓属Culicoides新种,多色库蠓Culicoides mullifarious Liu,Gong et Zhang,sp.nov和崎岖库蠓Culicoides salebrosus Liu et Shi,sp.nov。正模标本保存在北京医学昆虫标本馆,副模标本保存在兰州军区军事医学研究所。     

香港地区毛蠓新种和新纪录（双翅目：蠓科）

2005年11月和2006年5月,先后两次的采集中获得毛蠓1个本地新纪录,竹生毛蠓Dasyhdea bambusaoris Yu,2005和3个新种,分别命名为何玉贤毛蠓新种Dasyhelea heyuxiani Yu,Yuan,and Zeng sp．nov．、尖刺毛蠓新种Dasyhelea apiculata Yu,Chen,and Yan sp．nov．和亚刺毛蠓新种Dasyhdea subechinatus Yu,Zeng,and Yuan sp,nov．。     

香港地区毛蠓新种和新纪录(双翅目∶蠓科)

2005年11月和2006年5月,先后两次的采集中获得毛蠓1个本地新纪录,竹生毛蠓 Dasyhelea bambusaoris Yu,2005和3个新种,分别命名为何玉贤毛蠓新种 Dasyhelea heyuxiani Yu, Yuan, and Zeng sp. nov.、尖刺毛蠓新种 Dasyhelea apiculata Yu, Chen,and Yan sp. nov.和亚刺毛蠓新种 Dasyhelea subechinatus Yu,Zeng,and Yuan sp. nov..     

毛蠓-新种和柱蠓-新纪录的记述（双翅目：蠓科）

2006年9月在法国南部佩皮里昂的马力布度假村发现马力布毛蠓新种Dasyhelea（Pseudoculicoides）malibui sp．nov．和尖突柱蠓Stilobezzia oxiana Remm,1980-新纪录,本文分别予以记述。     

云南蠓科昆虫二新种记述(双翅目:蠓科)

记述采自云南芒市(24.4°N, 98.5°E)的蠓科昆虫2新种,分别命名为叉茎裸蠓Atrichopogon diandrous sp. nov. 和芒市毛蠓Dasyhelea mangshi sp.nov.,并予描述和绘制了形态特征图,所有模式标本都保存于医学昆虫标本馆.     

江西井冈山柱蠓(双翅目:蠓科)一新种

2009年10月在江西井冈山进行蠓科昆虫调查,共采到蠓类标本176余头,包括阿蠓Alluaudomyia、库蠓Clicoides、毛蠓Dasyhelea、铗蠓Forcipomyia和柱蠓Stilobezzia等5属,其中发现柱蠓属一新种,命名为井冈山柱蠓Stilobezzia jinggangshana Yu, Liu & Ma sp. nov..该新种模式标本收藏于北京军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所医学昆虫标本馆.     

细蠓属一新种及格尔木细蠓雄虫记述(双翅目:蠓科)

报道我国青海省格尔木地区细蠓属Leptoconops1新种一青海细蠓Leptoconops(Leptoconops)qinghaiensis Liu,Zhang et Gong,并记述了格尔木细蠓Leptoconops(Holoconops)geermuensis Liu et Yu雄虫。正模标本保存在北京医学昆虫标本馆,副模标本保存在兰州军区军事医学研究所。     

Comparing Species Assemblages Via Species Accumulation Curves

Summary Comparing species assemblages given incidence‐based data is of importance in ecological studies, often done by a visual inspection of estimated species accumulation curves or by an ad hoc use of 95% pointwise confidence bands of these curves. It is shown that comparing species assemblages is a challenging problem. A χ² test is proposed. An adjustment using an eigenvalue decomposition is proposed to overcome computational difficulties. The bootstrap method is also suggested to approximate the distribution of the proposed test statistic. The eigenvalue adjusted (Eva) χ² test and the Eva‐bootstrap test are assessed by a simulation study. Both the Eva‐χ² and the Eva‐bootstrap tests are applied to a study that involves two woody seedling species assemblages.     

黑腹果蝇种组五种核型的报道

通过传统的敲片、Giemsa染色的方法, 本文首次对果蝇属黑腹果蝇种组的5种果蝇 （D. constricta、D. ohnishii、D. ogumai、D. pseudobaimaii、D. tani）染色体的数目和形态进行了分析报道。分析发现：这5个种具有相同的染色体数目（2n=8）和不同的形态。D. pseudobaimaii和D. tani 为2V,1R,1D型;D. constricta染色为2V,1R,1D型且其点状染色体难以辨认;D. ohnishii和D. ogumai 具有相同形态为2V,2R。另外,还发现核型与亲缘关系之间有一定的对应性。     

蜘蛛与蜘蛛、蜘蛛与猎物之间的信息联系机制

作为农林生态系统中首要的捕食性节肢动物的蜘蛛,只有单眼和听毛,并没有复眼和听器。因而在一定的距离之外,蜘蛛要高效、成功寻觅其理想的猎物,仅仅凭视觉、触觉、听觉均无法实现和完成这一功能。因此,蜘蛛的嗅觉即化学通信于蜘蛛种间和种内的信息联系中扮演着举足轻重的角色,现已有大量的研究用行为学的方法证明蜘蛛与猎物之间,蜘蛛与蜘蛛之间能够通过信息化学物质进行信息联系,但蜘蛛的嗅觉即化学信息素的释放与接收机制以及信息素的结构成份等方面的研究甚少,有待进一步深人。对蜘蛛与猎物之间,蜘蛛与蜘蛛之间的信息化学联系机制的研究进展做一综述。     

Species of hypocrella

Summary Additional information is given from studies of types and authentic specimens for 25 species of Hypocrella.Stereocrea aurantiaca is transferred to Hypocrella asH. aurantiaca (Petch) comb. nov.,H. caulium is considered an invalid name andH. brasiliana (P. Henn.) comb. nov. is proposed. It is concluded thatH. sloaneae, H. nectroides, H. citrina, H. melaena, H. disjuncta andH. amazonica all are valid species.H. verruculosa is considered conspecific withH. phyllogena. H. fluminensis is a synonym ofH. epiphylla andH. guaranitica, H. spegazzini, H. orbicularis andH. cornuta are synonyms ofH. palmae. Similarities between several species of the eastern and western hemispheres are noted.Paper from the Herbarium and the Department of Botany, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.     

Species monophyly

In biological systematics, as well as in the philosophy of biology, species and higher taxa are individuated through their unique evolutionary origin. This is taken by some authors to mean that monophyly is a (relational) property not only of higher taxa, but also of species. A species is said to originate through speciation, and to go extinct when it splits into two daughter species (or through terminal extinction). Its unique evolutionary origin is said to bestow identity on a species through time and change, and to render species names rigid designators. Species names are thus believed to function just like names of supraspecific taxa. However, large parts of the Web of Life are composed of species that do not have a unique evolutionary origin from a single population, lineage or stem-species. Further, monophyly is an ambiguous concept if it is defined simply in terms of 'unique evolutionary origin'. Disambiguating the concept by defining a monophyletic taxon as 'a taxon that includes the ancestor and all, and only, its descendant' renders monophyly inapplicable to species. At the heart of the problem lies a fundamental distinction between species and monophyletic taxa, where species form mutually exclusive reticulated systems, while higher taxa form inclusive hierarchical systems. Examples are given both at the species level and below to illustrate the problems that result from the application of the monophyly criterion to species. The conclusion is that the concepts of exclusivity and monophyly should be treated as non-overlapping: exclusivity marks out a species synchronistically, i.e. in the present time. Monophyly marks out clades (groups of species) diachronistically, i.e. within an historical dimension.