IL-6/STAT3信号途径介导肉芽肿性乳腺炎的作用研究

目的:探讨IL-6/STAT3信号途径介导肉芽肿性乳腺炎的机制研究及临床意义。方法:收集我院2017年1月至2017年6月收治入住的30例肉芽肿性乳腺炎患者及30例普通患者的血清样本,对肉芽肿性乳腺炎患者同时采集炎性肿块组织样本及距离炎性肿块边缘大于等于3 cm且镜检为正常乳腺组织的样本。采用ELISA法检测血清样本中的IL-6的表达水平,同时采用Western blot检测组织样本中IL-6和pSTAT3蛋白的表达水平并分析二者的相关性。结果:与普通患者血清样本相比,肉芽肿性乳腺炎患者血清中IL-6的表达水平明显增高(P0.05),肉芽肿性乳腺炎组织样本中IL-6和pSTAT3蛋白的表达水平明显高于毗邻的正常乳腺组织(P0.01),IL-6表达与组织STAT3磷酸化水平具有明显的正相关性(r=0.353,P0.05)。结论:IL-6/STAT3信号途径可能介导肉芽肿性乳腺炎的发生发展。     

膝关节炎患者关节置换术后细菌感染严重程度与IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平的相关性

目的探讨膝关节炎患者关节置换术后细菌感染严重程度与IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平的相关性。方法选取2016年8月至2018年8月于我院进行治疗的70例膝关节炎关节置换术后细菌感染患者作为试验组,参照Michel Lequesen推荐的膝关节炎严重性判断标准将膝关节炎关节置换术后细菌感染患者分为极严重组、非常严重组、严重组、中度组和轻度组。选取同期来我院体检中心进行体检的健康者50例为对照组。采用全自动生化免疫分析仪测定血清IL-1β、IL-6及TNF-α水平。结果试验组患者血清IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平均明显高于对照组(均P<0.05)。极严重组患者血清IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平显著高于非常严重组、严重组、中度组和轻度组(均P<0.05)。非常严重组患者血清IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平显著高于严重组、中度组和轻度组(均P<0.05)。严重组患者血清IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平显著高于中度组和轻度组(均P<0.05)。IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平与膝关节炎关节置换术后细菌感染严重程度呈显著正相关(均P<0.05)。结论膝关节炎关节置换术后细菌感染患者血清IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平明显升高,并且病情越严重,IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平越高。     

浆细胞性乳腺炎组织中IL-1β及TNF-α的表达及临床意义

目的:研究浆细胞性乳腺炎(PCM)组织中白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的表达及其临床意义。方法:选择2013年11月到2016年4月在内蒙古自治区人民医院就诊的PCM患者50例作为观察组,选择上述观察组患者中距炎性肿物边缘3cm且镜检为正常乳腺组织23例作为对照组,比较两组组织中IL-1β及TNF-α的表达,分析不同临床分期和分型者IL-1β及TNF-α的表达及相关性。结果:观察组组织中的IL-1β及TNF-α的表达水平均分别明显高于对照组差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组急性期及亚急性期的患者IL-1β及TNF-α水平分别明显高于慢性期,且急性期明显高于亚急性期,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);不同临床分型者的IL-1β及TNF-α水平相比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),依照PEARSON法分析相关性发现,观察组不同临床分期患者的IL-1β及TNF-α呈正相关(r=0.860,P=0.000)。结论:PCM组织中的IL-1β及TNF-α高表达,且两者对PCM的发展发挥了协同作用。     

血清细胞因子与脑卒中后失眠的相关性研究

目的探讨血清细胞因子与脑卒中后失眠的相关性。方法选取我院2014年11月-2015年12月收治的70例脑卒中后失眠且中医辨证为心脾两虚型患者(观察组),同时选取同期脑卒中后非失眠患者70例(对照组)。比较两组患者血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)水平,并比较不同程度失眠患者血清TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平。结果观察组PSQI总评分(13.10±3.45)显著高于对照组的(4.23±2.35)(t=17.90,P0.05)。观察组患者IL-6、IL-1β水平均显著高于对照组,TNF-α显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=38.56,13.61,14.35,均P0.05)。不同程度睡眠障碍患者TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平比较,差异具有统计学意义(F=8.47,10.36,11.27,均P0.05),且随着睡眠障碍程度的增加,IL-6、IL-1β水平呈上升趋势,TNF-α水平呈下降的趋势。进一步相关性分析结果显示睡眠障碍程度与血清TNF-α水平呈负相关,r=-1.856(P0.05);IL-6、IL-1β水平呈正相关,r=0.720,0.745(均P0.05)。结论细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β与卒中后失眠有显著相关性,在临床工作中对有上述血清细胞因子异常的脑卒中患者给予必要的干预有重要的临床意义。     

弥漫性轴索损伤患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨弥漫性轴索损伤(DAI)患者血清髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的表达及临床意义。方法:选取2015年12月-2018年1月我院神经外科收治的DAI患者90例作为观察组,另选取在我院体检的健康志愿者30例作为对照组,并根据格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)将观察组患者分为重度组(42例)、中度组(30例)、轻度组(18例)。对比观察组和对照组血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平,比较观察组患者不同严重程度、伤后不同时间血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平。结果:观察组患者血清中的MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平显著高于对照组(P0.05)。重度组患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平显著高于中度组和轻度组,且中度组显著高于轻度组(P0.05)。伤后不同时间观察组患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平整体比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);其中MBP水平在伤后前期到伤后3d持续升高(P0.05);IL-1β、IL-8、TNF-α水平在伤后前期到伤后2d持续升高,在伤后3d呈下降趋势(P0.05)。结论:DAI患者血清MBP、IL-1β、IL-8及TNF-α水平偏高,临床通过检测这四种血清指标水平,有助于评估患者的病情。     

结直肠癌患者手术前后血清TNF-α, NO, IL-1β、IL-6水平变化及临床意义

目的:探索结直肠癌患者术前术后肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)、白细胞介素-1β(Interleukin-1Beta,IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)表达水平的变化及其临床意义。方法:对本院75例结直肠癌患者分别采用硝酸还原法及双抗夹心ELISA法检测手术前后NO及TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6表达水平的变化,同时将其与43例健康体检者相比较。结果:结直肠癌患者手术前血清中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6浓度(19.45±4.09,3.91±0.25,15.93±1.00)明显高于正常对照组(P0.05),而NO浓度(27.5±5.5)明显低于正常对照组(P0.05),手术治疗后7天,TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6血清含量(12.31±3.89,1.41±0.33,9.30±2.11)明显降低(P0.05),而NO含量恢复正常水平。结论:血清中TNF-α、NO、IL-1β、IL-6浓度与结直肠癌密切相关,对TNF-α、NO、IL-1β、IL-6浓度进行联合诊断可作为结直肠癌早期诊断的参考指标。     

排卵期生殖道局部细胞免疫与黄体功能不全患者不孕的关系研究

目的:探讨排卵期生殖道局部细胞免疫与黄体功能不全(LPD)患者不孕之间的关系,旨在为临床防治不孕不育提供依据及参考。方法:选择2014年10月~2015年10月本院确诊的LPD患者50例为观察组,同期筛选同期50例健康体检者为对照组,排卵后第4 d、6 d、8 d采用酶联免疫法检测两组排卵期血清孕酮(P)水平,采用放射免疫法(RIA)检测两组排卵期血清以及宫颈黏液中的肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)与白细胞介素1-β(IL-1β)的表达水平,对以上检测指标予以比较分析。结果:排卵后第4d、6d、8d观察组血清P明显低于对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。排卵期观察组血清TNF-α及IL-1β水平与对照组比较,差异不具有统计学意义(P0.05),但观察组宫颈黏液中TNF-α及IL-1β水平显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。排卵期观察组宫颈黏液中TNF-α、IL-1β水平与血清P存在负相关关系(r=-0.879,-0.886,P0.05),且宫颈黏液中TNF-α、IL-1β二者存在显著正相关关系(r=0.768,P0.05)。结论:排卵期生殖道局部细胞免疫激活,宫颈黏液中TNF-α及IL-1β水平升高,对黄体发育产生影响,并导致LPD的发生。     

血清TGF-β1、BMP-7、IL-6及TNF-α与新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征的关系研究

目的:探讨新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)患儿血清中转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、骨形态发生蛋白-7(BMP-7)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的变化及与病情严重程度的相关性。方法:选取2017年2月至2019年2月在本院出生的75名NRDS早产儿,根据出生后12 h内是否接受肺表面活性物质(PS)治疗分为PS组(n=37)和非PS组(n=38),同期选择36例非NRDS早产儿作为对照组。比较出生后不同时间点各组早产儿血清四种细胞因子水平,Spearman相关性分析四种细胞因子与病情严重程度的相关性。结果:PS组患儿出生后0、1、3 d血清四种细胞因子均呈先升高后降低趋势(P0.05),血清TGF-β1、BMP-7水平在出生后1d和3d高于对照组(P0.05),血清IL-6、TNF-α始终高于对照组(P0.05);非PS组患儿出生后0、1、3、7 d血清TGF-β1、BMP-7、IL-6、TNF-α均持续升高(P0.05),且始终高于对照组(P0.05),血清TGF-β1、BMP-7水平在出生后3 d和7 d高于PS组,血清IL-6、TNF-α在出生后7 d高于PS组(P0.05)。IL-6、TNF-α水平随NRDS早产儿病情分级的提高而升高(P0.05),Spearman相关性分析结果显示,血清TNF-α、IL-6水平与病情严重程度呈正相关(均P0.05)。结论:NRDS早产儿血清TGF-β1、BMP-7、IL-6、TNF-α水平明显升高,经PS治疗后,NRDS早产儿炎性因子水平明显降低,检测IL-6、TNF-α水平有助于评估NRDS早产儿的病情。     

幽门螺旋杆菌感染与胃癌患者血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α的关系研究

目的:探讨幽门螺旋杆菌(Hp)感染与胃癌患者血清白介素-32(IL-32)、白介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的相关性。方法:分别选择151例胃癌患者(胃癌组)和100例健康者(对照组)作为研究对象,均采用14C尿素呼气试验检测Hp感染情况,记录Hp感染U值,根据检测结果将胃癌组分为Hp阳性组119例,Hp阴性组32例。采集所有研究对象空腹静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平。比较胃癌组和对照组,Hp阴性组和阳性组之间血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平、Hp感染U值的差异,Pearson相关性分析胃癌患者血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平与Hp感染U值的相关性。结果:胃癌组患者血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平以及Hp感染U值均高于对照组(P0.05),Hp阳性组血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平以及Hp感染U值均高于Hp阴性组(P0.05)。胃癌患者血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平均与Hp感染U值呈正相关(r=0.585、0.428、0.406,P0.05)。结论:胃癌患者Hp感染可引起血清IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α水平升高,Hp感染、IL-32、IL-1β、TNF-α可能通过联合作用促进胃癌发生和进展。     

TNF-alpha，IFN-r，TGF-beta及IL-10 在骨关节结核中的表达及意义

目的:探讨转化生长因子(TGF-β)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)及白介素-10(IL-10)在骨关节结核组织中的表达及其对骨质骨量的影响。方法:选择2012年6月-2014年6月我院收治的骨关节结核患者50例,应用免疫组化法检测患者结核中心病灶TGF-β、TNF-α、IFN-γ及IL-10的表达水平。结果:TNF-α、IFN-γ、TGF-β及IL-10在结核组织中呈不同程度的阳性表达(P<0.05)。TNF-α和IFN-γ在增生性病变中的表达高于干酪性病变,TGF-β和IL-10在干酪性病变中的表达高于增生性病变(P<0.05)。增生性病变中,IFN-γ在坏死性结核肉芽肿中的表达低于非坏死性肉芽肿(P<0.05),TNF-α、TGF-β及IL-10表达无明显差异(P>0.05)。干酪性病变中,TNF-α在非坏死性结核肉芽肿中的表达高于坏死性肉芽肿,TGF-β在坏死性结核肉芽肿中的表达高于非坏死性肉芽肿(P<0.05),IFN-γ和IL-10表达无明显差异(P>0.05)。与正常骨组织细胞数相比,增生性病变与干酪性病变组织的成骨细胞数低,破骨细胞数高(P<0.05)。结论:TGF-β、TNF-α、IFN-γ及IL-10在骨关节结核组织中存在不同程度的表达,对病情的发生发展及骨质骨量具有重要影响。     

Serology and systematics of the Ebenales and the Theales

The systematic position ofthe Ebenaceae, Sapotaceae, Styracaceae, Ochnaceae, Stachyuraceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Clusiaceae and Hypericaceae has been investigated using serological comparisons of sets of antigenic determinants. The results show that the Sytracaceae and Sapotaceae are undoubtedly more closely associated with the Actinidiaeceae and Theaceae, respectively, than with each other. We found no corresponding determinants betnween antigen systems from the Ebenaceae and systems from any other family whose relations to this family have been proposed. As discovered previously, investigations of antigen systems from the Ochnaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Stachyuraceae, Clusiaceae and Hypericaceae are against the idea of a natural order “Theales” in which these families, or at least some of them, are combined with the Theaceae and Actinidiaceae. This paper completes our previous investigations which largely support a superorder Ericanae sensu Ehrendorfer and Takhtajan. We propose to include the Actinidiaceae and Theaceae in this superorder, assigning them a central position laong with the Sapotaceae and Sytracaeae on one side and the Primulales and Ericales on the other. Another most interesting finding is that there are corresponding determinants between antigen systems from the members of the Ericanae and representatives of the Polemoniaceae and Loasaceae.     

The Choroid Plexuses and the Barriers Between the Blood and the Cerebrospinal Fluid

1. The fluid homeostasis of the brain depends both on the endothelial blood–brain barrier and on the epithelial blood–cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier located at the choroid plexuses and the outer arachnoid membrane.2. The brain has two fluid environments: the brain interstitial fluid, which surrounds the neurons and glia, and the CSF, which fills the ventricles and external surfaces of the central nervous system.3. CSF acts as a fluid cushion for the brain and as a drainage route for the waste products of cerebral metabolism.4. Recent findings suggest that CSF may also act as a third circulation conveying substances secreted into the CSF rapidly to many brain regions.     

Epigenetics and aging: the targets and the marks

'Aging epigenetics' is an emerging field that promises exciting revelations in the near future. Here we focus on the functional and biological significance of the epigenetic alterations that accumulate during aging and are important in tumorigenesis. Paradigmatic examples are provided by the global loss of DNA methylation in aging and cancer and by the promoter hypermethylation of genes with a dual role in tumor suppression and progeria, such as the Werner syndrome (WRN) and lamin A/C genes. Another twist is provided by sirtuins, a family of NAD-dependent deacetylases that act on Lys16 of histone H4, which are emerging as a link between cellular transformation and lifespan.     

Biophysics and Structure of the Patch and the Gigaseal

Interpreting channel behavior in patches requires an understanding of patch structure and dynamics, especially in studies of mechanosensitive channels. High resolution optical studies show that patch formation occurs via blebbing that disrupts normal membrane structure and redistributes in situ components including ion channels. There is a 1-2 μm region of the seal below the patch where proteins are excluded and this may consist of extracted lipids that form the gigaseal. Patch domes often have complex geometries with inhomogeneous stresses due to the membrane-glass adhesion energy (E_a), cytoskeletal forces, and possible lipid subdomains. The resting tension in the patch dome ranges from 1-4 mN/m, a significant fraction of the lytic tension of a bilayer (∼10 mN/m). Thus, all patch experiments are conducted under substantial, and uneven, resting tension that may alter the kinetics of many channels. E_a seems dominated by van der Waals attraction overlaid with a normally repulsive Coulombic force. High ionic strength pipette saline increased E_a and, surprisingly, increased cytoskeletal rigidity in cell-attached patches. Low pH pipette saline also increased E_a and reduced the seal selectivity for cations, presumably by neutralizing the membrane surface charge. The seal is a negatively charged, cation selective, space with a resistance of ∼7 gigohm/μm in 100 mM KCl, and the high resistivity of the space may result from the presence of high viscosity glycoproteins. Patches creep up the pipette over time with voltage independent and voltage dependent components. Voltage-independent creep is expected from the capillary attraction of E_a and the flow of fresh lipids from the cell. Voltage-dependent creep seems to arise from electroosmosis in the seal. Neutralization of negative charges on the seal membrane with low pH decreased the creep rate and reversed the direction of creep at positive pipette potentials.     

The efficacy of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in the caesarean section and the effect on the vital signs and the hemodynamics of the lying-in women

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of ropivacaine and bupivacaine in caesarean section and vital signs and the hemodynamics of the lying-in women.MethodsA total of 480 lying-in women who were admitted to this hospital for treatment between December 2017 and June 2018 were enrolled into this study as the subjects, which were divided into the experiment group and the control group, with 240 subjects in each group. In the experiment group, subjects received the local anesthesia by infusion of 1.5 mL ropivacaine (0.75%), while those in the control group also took the local anesthesia by infusion of 1.5 mL bupivacaine (0.75%). Thereafter, we observed the differences in the anesthetic efficiency, vital signs and hemodynamics of the lying-in women between two groups.ResultsThe excellent and good rates of the anesthesia in two groups were 92.1% and 87.9%, showing no obvious difference; in the experiment group, the average arterial pressures and systolic pressures at 5 min and 10 min after combined spinal and epidural analgesia (CSEA) were all elevated when comparing to the control group (all P < 0.05); in the experiment group, the onset time was obviously extended, while duration of sensory and motor block and the duration of motor block were all shorter than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). During anesthesia, the incidence rate of the adverse reactions in the control group was 2.50%, significantly higher than 0.83% in the experiment group (P < 0.05).ConclusionDespite that ropivacaine and bupivacaine are efficient in anesthesia in the CSEA in the caesarean section, ropivacaine is more recommended for little influence on the hemodynamics, shorter duration of sensory block and motor block and low incidence rate of adverse reactions, which are conducive to the recovery and also safe to the patients.     

On the structure and dynamics of the complex of the nucleosome and the linker histone

Several different models of the linker histone (LH)–nucleosome complex have been proposed, but none of them has unambiguously revealed the position and binding sites of the LH on the nucleosome. Using Brownian dynamics-based docking together with normal mode analysis of the nucleosome to account for the flexibility of two flanking 10 bp long linker DNAs (L-DNA), we identified binding modes of the H5-LH globular domain (GH5) to the nucleosome. For a wide range of nucleosomal conformations with the L-DNA ends less than 65 Å apart, one dominant binding mode was identified for GH5 and found to be consistent with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments. GH5 binds asymmetrically with respect to the nucleosomal dyad axis, fitting between the nucleosomal DNA and one of the L-DNAs. For greater distances between L-DNA ends, docking of GH5 to the L-DNA that is more restrained and less open becomes favored. These results suggest a selection mechanism by which GH5 preferentially binds one of the L-DNAs and thereby affects DNA dynamics and accessibility and contributes to formation of a particular chromatin fiber structure. The two binding modes identified would, respectively, favor a tight zigzag chromatin structure or a loose solenoid chromatin fiber.     

Initiating and promoting the aquatic ecosystem health concept: the Society and the Journal

Since the 1970's the management of aquatic habitats has changed from piecemeal monitoring to the ecosystem approach; this was initiated in the North American Great Lakes, comprising social, economic, and environmental aspects. The information included in this paper is based on the presentation made at the Seminar On Ecosystem Approach To Water Management held in Oslo, Norway during 1991. Recently, the multidisciplinary, holistic, and integrated concept of ecosystem health has emerged, and is being advanced for the implementation of an ecosystem approach to environmental management, which has resulted in the formation of an international society (Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management Society) and the publication of a primary journal (Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Health). The information has been updated to incorporate new developments and recent progress about the Society and the journal since the Oslo Seminar.     

Connections between the globus pallidus and putamen and the hypothalamus and subthalamus

In 16 adult cats with electrolytically destructed external and internal parts of the globus pallidus and in 8 cats with destructed putamen direct strio-pallido-hypothalamic and strio-pallido-subthalamic pathways have been studied. Degeneration of the axonal preterminals and terminals have been examined in preparations treated after Nauta--Gygax, Nauta--Laidlow, Finck--Heimer with simultaneous additional staining of the nuclei with cresyl violet after Kawamura--Niimi. Direct pallido- and putamen-hypothalamic pathways to nuclei of the grey tubercle, posterior and lateral nuclei of the hypothalamus were stated. Direct pathways from the putamen to the subthalamic nucleus have been revealed, however, these pathways are represented in less degree than those of pallido-subthalamic connections. Direct pathways from the external portion of the globus pallidus and putamen to the subthalamic nucleus are more pronounced and represented by greater numbers of projections than those of strio-pallido-hypothalamic origin.