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1.
花烛离体培养叶色变异株系的相关性状   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
以花烛(Anthurium andraeanum)间接器官发生途径中再生出的一株花叶变异植株为原始材料,进行增殖并对得到的3个叶色变异株系的叶色相关性状进行了初步研究。结果表明:通过愈伤组织器官发生途径和腋芽增殖途径对这一花叶苗进行增殖,均分离到3种变异株系,即花叶苗、黄化苗和天鹅绒绿色叶片苗;天鹅绒绿色苗叶片中的叶绿素含量比正常离体苗的含量低;叶片解剖结构表明,叶绿体在叶肉细胞中的分布与其叶片表现型相同,天鹅绒绿色叶片与正常叶片在解剖结构上无明显差异。花烛原套只具有1层细胞,无明显的L2层分生结构,因此叶肉的薄壁细胞完全由向各个方向分裂的原体细胞发育而来,这种组织结构导致花叶叶片中含有叶绿体的细胞和不含有叶绿体的薄壁细胞呈不规则分布。这种花叶株系可以作为育种材料或直接作为盆栽花烛进行推广。  相似文献   

2.
花烛叶色嵌合体不同生长阶段叶色性状的保持特征   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
陈星旭  张琪  王广东 《植物研究》2009,29(5):565-570
对20个花烛叶色嵌合体株系在不同生长阶段的叶色性状保持特征进行观察,并通过计算机程序辅助分析发现:离体培养阶段,植株嵌合叶片总数占总叶片数的比率及平均单株非绿色部分占总叶面积的比率均为最高,分别为81%和50.1%,两项数值分别高于温室生长阶段新生嵌合叶数占新生叶片总数的比率(46.2%)及新生叶片非绿色部分占新生叶片总面积的比率(23.0%);移栽后,叶片非绿色部分比率超过50%的9个株系中有7个不能正常生长而死亡,所剩13个株系的新生叶片嵌合叶数减少,非绿色部分面积比率缩小,叶片趋向转为绿色;施用营养液后,5个株系的新叶非绿色部分面积比率回升。这些现象表明:营养条件充分有利于嵌合株系花叶性状的保持;嵌合株系中非绿色部分面积大于50%的株系生活力弱,不宜过早移栽;在茎尖分生组织形成叶原基的过程中,可能存在正常细胞与突变细胞的竞争,其结果是一方取代另一方或二者达到动态平衡。  相似文献   

3.
以花烛品种‘Sonate’(Anthurium andraeanum‘Sonate’)的叶色嵌合型无菌苗为材料,对顶芽失去嵌合性状的16个单株分别进行单芽培养,观察侧芽及茎基部再生过程中叶色嵌合性状的分化特征;并据此归纳花烛突变体叶色嵌合性状的保持方法。结果表明:处于增殖和生根阶段的花烛突变单株侧芽再生植株的嵌合率分别为25.0%~75.0%和25.0%~66.7%,总的嵌合率分别为48.4%和47.8%,具有嵌合性状的侧芽再生植株均萌发于嵌合叶片的叶腋处;处于生根阶段的突变单株的茎基部也能再生出嵌合植株,嵌合率为33.3%~80.0%,总的嵌合率达到64.7%。研究结果显示:通过单芽离体培养的方法可以解决花烛突变体顶芽叶色嵌合性状消失的问题,且应用侧芽再生(增殖与生根阶段)或基部再生(生根阶段)的方法可以保持突变植株的嵌合性状。  相似文献   

4.
花烛离体培养中的壮苗   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7  
针对花烛离体培养中普遍存在的长期培养导致再生苗生长势退化的现象,研究了如何恢复再生苗生长势,获得健壮的无菌苗.结果表明,花烛离体培养中,随着继代次数的增加,外源生长调节剂浓度应逐步降低直至0;活性炭对无菌苗生长势的恢复有较显著效果.无菌苗茎尖是离体培养体系重建中诱导愈伤组织最适宜的外植体;诱导愈伤组织的适宜培养基为改良的MS 1.0 mg·L-16-BA 0.1 mg·L-1 2,4-D;TDZ诱导芽的效果明显优于6-BA,MS 0.01 mg·L-1 TDZ较适合于芽诱导.  相似文献   

5.
花烛苞片离体培养及植株再生(简报)   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
以花烛苞片为外植体进行离体再生体系研究,结果表明,改良Nitsch BA 1.0mg/L 2,4-D 0.4mg/L 蔗糖20g/L 椰汁15%(V/V)为适宜愈伤组织诱导培养基;改良Nitsch BA 0.25mg/L KT0.1mg/L 蔗糖20g/L 椰汁15%(V/V)为适宜不定芽分化培养基;适宜生根壮苗培养基:改良Nitsch BA 0.25mg/L IBA0.2mg/L 蔗糖30g/L 活性炭2g/L。愈伤组织诱导培养2个月后转入不定芽诱导培养基中,2个月后不定芽陆续发出。  相似文献   

6.
诸葛菜被认为是具有较高开发价值的新型园林经济植物,具有广泛的变异性,有关其自然变异的报道较少。2012年我们在野外观察中发现了4个诸葛菜的叶色变异株系,通过变异植株与同生境植株的观察比较,发现叶色变异株系的变异性状主要表现在分枝或是全株,叶片表现为白化或黄化,花色表现为白色或紫色,其中3个株系能结实,变异性状是否具有遗传特性有待于子代观察分析。本文为进一步阐明其变异机理提供了参考。  相似文献   

7.
以花烛(Anthurium andraeanum Lind.)品种Sonate无菌苗为材料,研究了液体培养条件下不同植物生长调节剂、蔗糖浓度、培养方式等因子对腋芽增殖的影响,并比较了Sonate、Valentino和Julanba 3个品种间腋芽增殖的差异。结果表明:在液体振荡培养条件下,以Nitsch BA0.5mgL-1 KT1.0mgL-1 蔗糖30gL-1为Sonate品种适宜的增殖培养基;在20μmolm-2s-1弱光下培养25d后转至40μmolm-2s-1正常光照下培养,对Sonate品种的增殖效果较好,腋芽诱导数平均可达11.1个,腋芽平均长度为1.4cm。花烛腋芽增殖能力在品种间存在差异,但3个品种均可在以上培养基和光照条件下快速增殖,其中以Sonate和Valentino品种的增殖较快。  相似文献   

8.
PaGLK基因银中杨抑制表达株系叶绿素含量显著降低,叶片呈现黄色(命名为金叶银中杨),以转PaGLK基因的银中杨为材料,测定其叶色参数和叶绿素含量的时序变化规律、分析生长特性。结果显示,转PaGLK基因的银中杨使叶片颜色发生改变,抑制表达株系整个生长期叶绿素含量显著低于WT(P<0.05),叶色亮度显著高于WT(P<0.05),并且在生长发育期叶片一直呈现深黄绿色。抑制表达株系中的Y2速生期内苗高日生长量(GD)高于对照株系,苗期株高不受影响。而过表达转基因银中杨的当年高生长都显著低于对照株系 (P<0.05),其速生期内苗高日生长量均值(GD)也低于对照株系,其均值为对照株系的22.19%。PaGLK抑制表达株系在城市园林绿化具有潜在的应用价值。  相似文献   

9.
以矢竹(Pseudosasa japonica)、花叶矢竹(P. japonica f. akebonosuji)和曙筋矢竹(P. japonica f. akebono)为研究对象, 借助叶绿体超微结构和荧光动力学曲线的变化揭示不同叶色矢竹的光系统活性及光合特性差异。结果表明: 3个竹种的光合色素含量差异明显, 除花叶矢竹条纹叶白色部分叶绿体内无完整类囊体片层结构外, 花叶矢竹绿条纹和曙筋矢竹的基粒数明显少于矢竹, 叶绿体发育成熟度不一致; OJIP曲线及参数表明, 花叶矢竹条纹绿叶和曙筋矢竹光系统II (PSII)反应中心开放降低程度低于矢竹, 捕获能量用于电子传递的份额变小, PSII活性变弱; 而曙筋矢竹叶片P700至初级电子受体(QA)的电子传递链氧化还原平衡偏向于还原侧, 推测其光系统I (PSI)反应中心P700至PSII QA电子传递链受损。因此, PSII活性变化导致叶绿体发育不成熟, 可能是引起矢竹类叶色差异的直接原因。  相似文献   

10.
在粳稻品种嘉花1号(Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica ‘Jiahua No.1’)种子经60Co γ射线辐照处理的后代中, 发现了1个低温敏感叶色突变体mr21。在较低温度(<25.0°C)条件下, 该突变体幼苗叶色呈黄色; 随着温度逐渐升高, 叶色由黄转绿,其临界温度约为27.5°C; 在低温条件下, 突变体幼苗总叶绿素含量以及叶绿素a、b的含量均较野生型嘉花1号明显下降, 表明该突变体的叶色性状具有明显的温敏感性。遗传分析表明, 该突变体叶色性状受1对隐性核基因控制, 暂将该突变基因命名为thermo-sensitive leaf-color 1(tsl-1)。以该突变体与籼稻9311(Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica ‘9311’)杂交的F2代分离群体作为定位群体, 利用SSR分子标记将tsl-1基因初步定位在水稻(Oryza sativa)第1号染色体短臂上的MM1799与RM8132分子标记之间, 其遗传距离分别为2.4 cM和3.0 cM; 然后, 进一步利用扩大F2代群体及新发展的分子标记将tsl-1基因定位在分子标记InDel2与InDel4之间的198 kb内。研究结果为今后对该基因的克隆和功能分析奠定了基础。  相似文献   

11.
    
正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases  相似文献   

12.
Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.  相似文献   

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It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.  相似文献   

15.
The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.  相似文献   

16.
    
Zhao  Li  Gao  Ruqin  Lu  Roujian  Wang  Huijuan  Deng  Yao  Niu  Peihua  Jiang  Fachun  Huang  Baoying  Liang  Jiwei  Jia  Jing  Zhang  Feng  Wang  Wenling  Wu  Guizhen  Tan  Wenjie 《中国病毒学》2021,36(5):1088-1092
  相似文献   

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Han  Zhenzhi  Xiao  Jinbo  Song  Yang  Zhu  Shuangli  Wang  Dongyan  Lu  Huanhuan  Ji  Tianjiao  Yan  Dongmei  Xu  Wenbo  Zhang  Yong 《中国病毒学》2021,36(6):1652-1655
  相似文献   

19.
    
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.  相似文献   

20.
    
Shen  Jia-Yuan  Li  Man  Xie  Lyu  Mao  Jia-Rong  Zhou  Hong-Ning  Wang  Pei-Gang  Jiang  Jin-Yong  An  Jing 《中国病毒学》2021,36(1):145-148
正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).  相似文献   

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