异质生境对水生型空心莲子草-双穗雀稗共存的影响

物种共存取决于生物自身属性及生境异质性等多重因素的综合效应.本研究基于较大空间尺度(21°-35° N)的野外调查,比较了水生型入侵植物空心莲子草与其本土共存种双穗雀稗在形态及化学计量特征等方面的差异,并分析了环境因子对二者属性差异的影响.结果 表明:空心莲子草盖度和重要值显著大于双穗雀稗(34.3％、104.0％),...     

大孢卧孔菌一新组合

本文将刺孢孔菌Pachykytospora中的P. major G. Y. Zheng & Z. S. Bi组合为Megasporoporia major (G.Y. Zheng & Z. S. Bi) Y. C. Dai & T. H. Li,并根据模式标本对该种进行了详细描述。     

中国橄蝗属的分类研究（直翅目：蝗亚目：蝗总科）

本文对中国橄蝗属Tagasta Bolivar, 1905进行了系统的分类研究, 该属同似橄蝗属Pseudomorphacris Carl, 1916 近似, 其不同之处为前胸背板侧片后下角近乎直角, 后翅为红色或玫瑰色, 雄性尾须短而直, 不向上弯曲。本文共记述产于中国的橄蝗属7种, 包括1新种。并附该属中国已知7种的检索表。     

三峡水库156 m蓄水后消落带新生湿地植物群落

三峡水库156 m蓄水后,已形成大面积消落带湿地.2008年7-9月对地处三峡水库腹地的开县澎溪河左岸一级支流白夹溪消落带新生湿地植物进行了调查.结果表明:该区域共有高等湿地植物33种,优势种有双穗雀稗、宽叶香蒲、萤蔺、藨草、长鬃蓼.新生湿地植物群落划分为8个群丛.沿河流侧向空间梯度,湿地植物群落的带状分布明显,分为河漫滩1年生草本植物带、苍耳带、双穗雀稗带3个植物带.从河岸到海拔156 m处,植物地上生物量呈现出先增加后减少再增加的趋势.消落带区域在水位下降后,土壤含水率的增加为湿地植物生长提供了良好生境.双穗雀稗成为156 m蓄水后白夹溪河岸二级阶地地势低洼处的优势植物;苍耳在河岸一级阶地和二级阶地之间的坡地上广泛分布.三峡水库蓄水后消落带土壤含水率的变化、微地貌格局对消落带新生湿地群落空间格局具有明显影响.

Abstract：

After flooding to 156 m height, a wide area of wetlands emerged in the water-level fluctuation zone of Three Gorges Reservoir. From July to September 2008, an investigation was made on the plant communities beside Baijia stream, the first order tributary of Pengxi River in Kaixian County of Chongqing. There were 33 species of wetland vascular plants, among which, Paspalum paspaloides, Typha latifolia, Scirpus juncoides, S. triqueter, Polygonum longisetum were the dominant. The plant communities in study area were divided into eight associations. An obvious zonal distribution was observed at the lateral side of Baijia stream from riparian to 156 m altitude. There were three plant zones, i. e. , floodplain annual herb zone, X. sibiricum zone, and P. paspaloides zone. With increasing elevation, the aboveground biomass showed a single-peak pattern. During the period with lower water level, the increase of soil water content acceler-ated the growth of wetland plants. P. paspaloides was most dominant in the low-lying area of sec-ond terraces of Baijia stream, and X. sibiricum widely distributed on the sloping field between the first and second terraces of the stream. The variations of soil water content and micro-geomorphic pattern significantly affected the distribution of plant communities in water-level fluctuation zone.     

Defensive ant,aphid and caterpillar mimicry in plants?

Here we describe three apparently novel types of visual insect mimicry in plants. In the first type, plants of Xanthium trumarium L. have dark spots and flecks that resemble ants (Formicidae) in size and shape in the epidermis of stems, branches and petioles, and plants of Arisarum vulgare Targ.-Tozz. have them on petioles and inflorescence stems. In the second type, the dark anthers of Paspalum paspaloides (Michaux) Scribner (= P. distichum ) are the size, shape and colour of aphids (Homoptera; Aphidoidea) and they sway in the wind like swivelling aphids. Similarly, the stems of Alcea setosa (Boiss.) Alef. are covered with dark flecks that look like aphids. Finally, immature pods of three wild annual legumes ( Lathyrus ochrus (L.) DC.; Pisum fulvum Sm.; Vicia peregrina L.) have conspicuous reddish spots, arranged along the pods, that appears to mimic lepidopteran caterpillars. In one of the species ( V . peregrina ) two different mimicking morphs were found. We propose that these morphological traits may serve as herbivore repellent cues and are part of the defence system of the plants.  © 2002 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2002, 77 , 393–398.     

三岛球兰,中国夹竹桃科一新记录种

报道了中国夹竹桃科(Apocynaceae)球兰属(Hoya R.Br.)一新记录种:三岛球兰(H.tamdaoensis RoddaT.B.Tran)。该种产于广西那坡县,生于石灰岩常绿阔叶林中。对其形态学特征进行了描述,补充了该种发表时未曾描述的果实和种子特征,并提供图版以方便鉴别。凭证标本存放于广西药用植物园标本馆(GXMG)。     

中国口蘑属种类名录(英文)

通过系统的文献收集 ,汇总了口蘑属 (Tricholoma)在中国的 91个名称记录 ,并对其研究现状和分布进行了简述。文献调查结果表明 ,口蘑属种类广泛分布于中国的 2 7个省区 ,其中以黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、贵州、四川、云南、西藏 ,青海、甘肃、河北、山西和陕西等地的报道较多 ,其他地区如台湾、香港、安徽、福建、广东、广西、海南、河南、湖南、湖北、江苏、山东、新疆 ,浙江也有一些报道。根据《国际植物命名法规》和《真菌、地衣汉语学名命名法规》 ,作者订正了中文文献中的一些拉丁和汉语学名 ,同时对形态描述和鉴定等方面的问题也进行了简要的讨论。在已报道的口蘑属名称记录中 ,能够得到承认的本属名称有 43个种和 3个变种 ,属内其他种类名称的异名有 8个 ,而已经转移到其他属的有 3 0个 ,在命名法上模糊不清名称有 3个 ,错拼名称有 2个 ,另有未定名种 2个。目前能够承认的名称是酸涩口蘑 (T .acerbum)、白棕口蘑 (T .albobrunneum)、白口蘑(T .album)、银盖口蘑 (T .argyraceum)、黑鳞口蘑 (T .atrosquamosum)、橙柄口蘑 (T.aurantiipes)、金黄褶口蘑 (T .auratum)、傻松口蘑 (T .bakamatsutake)、欧洲口蘑 (T .caligatum)、灰环口蘑 (T.cingulatum)、银白口蘑 (T .colum betta)、油口蘑 (T .     

葡萄孢盘菌属一新种——蚕豆葡萄孢的有性阶段

本文报道了葡萄孢盘菌属的一个新种:蚕豆葡萄孢盘菌(Botryotinia fabae Lu et T.H.Wu sp.nov.)即蚕豆葡萄孢的有性阶段;并报道了新种子囊盘形成过程;新种有汉文和拉丁文描述。