MEKK3稳定表达细胞株的建立及其对A549细胞增殖的影响

目的 构建人MEKK3基因编码区序列（cDNA）的真核表达载体、建立其稳定表达细胞株并观察其对肺腺癌细胞增殖的影响.方法 从A549细胞中提取总RNA,应用RT-PCR扩增MEKK3 cDNA的全长序列后克隆入pcDNA3.1/hygro（＋）质粒中,构建成MEKK3基因的真核表达载体,然后转染入人肺腺癌A549细胞中,潮霉素筛选稳定转染克隆,通过MTT实验,研究转染MEKK3基因前后细胞增殖的变化.结果 重组载体经酶切鉴定和测序证实目的 基因正确无误,Western印迹检测结果显示MEKK3基因在A549细胞中具有良好的表达;荧光实时定量PCR结果表明MEKK3基因在其稳定转染的A549细胞克隆中表达上调,与空载体稳定转染及未转染细胞比较,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;MTT结果显示MEKK3表达上调的稳定克隆组,A549细胞的增殖活性显著增强（A570=0.876 1±0.074 5）,明显高于空载体稳定转染组（A570=0.582 8±0.070 3）及未转染亲代细胞组（A570=0.584 9±0.035 2）,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）,而后两者之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.结论 MEKK3表达上调可导致肺腺癌细胞的增殖增强.     

稳定表达p120ctn的人肺腺癌A549细胞株的构建

目的:构建稳定表达p120ctn的A549细胞株,以研究p120ctn蛋白在肺癌发生和转移过程中的作用。方法:通过分子克隆,将pc DNA3.1多克隆位点插入Flag标签的编码序列,得到pc DNA.Flag表达载体。然后PCR扩增p120ctn的编码序列,插入Flag标签下游,构建pc DNA.Flag-p120ctn质粒,筛选阳性克隆并进行酶切及测序鉴定。利用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000将pc DNA.Flag-p120ctn质粒转染到肺癌细胞A549中,通过G418筛选得到稳定转染细胞株,免疫印迹法检测p120ctn的表达。结果:本文构建了融合有Flag标签的p120ctn真核表达载体并转染到A549中,免疫印迹结果表明p120ctn蛋白在A549细胞中高效的表达。结论:本文成功构建了稳定高表达p120ctn的A549细胞模型,为深入研究p120ctn在肺癌的发生和转移过程中的作用奠定了基础。     

FKBP12真核表达载体的构建及稳定转染A549细胞株的建立

目的:构建FK506结合蛋白12(FK506 binding proteins 12,FKBP12)真核表达载体并建立稳定转染A549细胞株。方法:RT-PCR扩增人平滑肌细胞FKBP12基因片断,构建pcDNA3.1/Hygro(+)-FKBP12真核表达载体,经琼脂糖电泳、特异性内切酶切割及测序验证其正确性。脂质体法转染真核细胞A549,HygromycinB筛选建立稳定转染的细胞株,免疫印迹法检测稳定转染的细胞株。结果:构建了FKBP12真核表达载体并建立了稳定转染的A549细胞株,成功表达FKBP12蛋白。结论:FKBP12真核表达载体成功构建及稳定转染A549细胞株的建立,为深入研究基于FKBP12靶点药物的机制奠定基础,进而为探索安全、高效的免疫抑制剂提供新的途径。     

人DC-SIGN真核表达载体的构建及其在A549细胞中的表达

目的:构建人DC-SIGN基因真核表达质粒,观察其在人肺腺癌细胞A549中的表达.为进一步研究DC-SIGN的作用奠定实验基础.方法:用PCR的方法扩增编码DC-SIGN的基因序列,将其克隆到真核表达载体pCDNA中,酶切及测序鉴定重组质粒.将构建的重组质粒转染到A549细胞中,用Western Blotting和免疫荧光等方法检测DC-SIGN基因的表达.结果: 从人cDNA文库中得到1 215bp的DC-SIGN序列后,重组到pCDNA载体中,经酶切及测序鉴定,成功构建pCDNA-DC-SIGN重组质粒.重组质粒转染A549细胞,经Western blotting检测,发现在约55kDa处有特异条带,与理论大小相符.应用免疫荧光技术检测DC-SIGN可在A549细胞内的表达.荧光显示Myf5蛋白定位在细胞浆中.建立表达DC-SIGN的细胞株.结论:成功构建了人DC-SIGN的真核表达载体,并建立了人DC-SIGN的真核表达细胞株.     

siRNA表达载体稳定沉默肺癌A549细胞MEKK3基因的细胞株建立

目的构建人MEKK3基因的小干扰RNA（siRNA）表达载体并建立稳定沉默MEKK3基因表达的肺癌A549细胞克隆株。方法设计并合成针对人MEKK3基因4个不同部位siRNA靶点的模板DNA序列,以BamHI及Hindm酶切位点分别克隆入pSilencer4．1-CMVhygro载体,测序鉴定后以脂质体分别转染入A549细胞,Western印迹检测它们对MEKK3表达的抑制,并选择抑制效率最高的表达载体转染入A549细胞,潮霉素筛选后获得含该载体的抗性细胞克隆株,荧光实时定量PCR检测该细胞克隆株中MEKK3表达抑制。结果测序鉴定表明4个MEKK3siRNA表达载体正确无误;Western印迹结果显示对MEKK3的表达有抑制作用,其中pSilencer4．1-MEKK3siRNA2的抑制率达84％;荧光实时定量PCR结果表明,pSilencer4．1-MEKK3siRNA2可稳定沉默MEKK3mRNA的表达,有效率达83％。结论成功地构建了针对人MEKK3基因的siRNA表达载体,并成功地建立了能高效且稳定地沉默MEKK3基因表达的肺癌A549细胞克隆株。     

外源EGFP基因在肿瘤细胞中的稳定表达

通过将增强型绿色荧光蛋白（EGFP）基因转染到人肺腺癌细胞（A549）内,建立以EGFP为探针的体外抗癌药物细胞株。使用电穿孔法导入EGFP基因到A549细胞;然后用G418筛选以及梯度稀释法筛选出EGFP高度表达的细胞株。初步建立稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白的人肺癌细胞株。     

人乳头状瘤病毒癌蛋白E6和E7双标记质粒的构建及应用

目的:构建人乳头状瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)-16 E6、E7癌蛋白及其突变型的双筛选标记质粒并筛选出稳定表达HPV-16癌蛋白的肺癌A549细胞株。方法:以携带新霉素抗性基因neo的pEGFP质粒(pEGFP-N1)为空载体,在EcoRⅠ和BamHⅠ位点间插入HPV-16 E6、E7及其突变型基因。新构建的质粒鉴定后转染A549细胞并用G418筛选,多次挑取单克隆后用流式细胞仪分选带荧光的细胞。结果:PCR、双酶切鉴定结果及DNA序列测定结果均证实质粒构建正确;PCR扩增结果显示细胞中存在目的基因;流式细胞术结果显示细胞阳性率高;Western blotting结果显示细胞能表达HPV-16 E6、HPV-16 E7蛋白。结论:成功构建pEGFP-E6、E7质粒并筛选出稳定表达E6和E7癌蛋白的A549细胞株,为进一步研究HPV对肺癌的影响奠定了基础;同时发现G418筛选结合流式细胞仪分选可提高稳定转染细胞的阳性率。     

高表达精脒/精胺N1-乙酞基转移酶对人肺癌A549细胞株生长的影响

旨在研究人精脒/精胺N1-乙酰基转移酶(spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase,SSAT)高表达对人肺癌A549细胞生长的影响。以pCR2.1-SSAT质粒为模板,PCR法扩增人SSAT基因并克隆至pcDNA3.1表达载体。重组质粒转染A549细胞后,RT-PCR法和Western blotting法筛选SSAT高表达的细胞株。MTT法检测细胞增殖,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期。成功构建pcDNA3.1-SSAT重组质粒,用该质粒转染A549细胞后,筛选获得稳定高表达SSAT的细胞株。SSAT高表达导致细胞生长抑制,S期细胞减少和自发性凋亡细胞增多。结果显示,稳定高表达SSAT可在A549肺癌细胞中部分模拟多胺类似物类抗癌药物的药理活性,导致瘤细胞生长抑制和细胞凋亡。     

怀化医学高等专科学校医学形态学实验中心

目的:探讨抑癌基因p16对肝癌细胞生长的抑制作用及其机制。方法:将p16 cDNA亚克隆至pcDNA3.1真核表达载体上,并经脂质体介导转染至人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721。用MTT法和Western blot分析转染细胞的生长情况。结果:成功构建重组表达质粒pcDNA3.1-p16,转染pcDNA3.1-p16的SMMC-7721细胞生长速度受到明显抑制;转染后有外源p16蛋白的表达,且伴随Bax上调,Bcl-2和cIAP2的下调。结论:重组pcDNA3.1-p16质粒能在人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721内表达,且能抑制SMMC-7721的生长,其机理与诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡相关。     

CRISPR/Cas9技术介导的稳定沉默LDHA表达对肺癌A549细胞增殖的影响

目的:利用CRISPR/Cas9技术构建稳定沉默乳酸脱氢酶A(LDHA)的A549细胞系,并探讨LDHA沉默对细胞增殖能力的影响。方法:构建特异性靶向LDHA基因的CRISPR/Cas9系统重组载体p X260-LDHA,转染A549细胞后经嘌呤霉素筛选获得LDHA沉默的稳定细胞株,并用定量PCR和免疫印迹实验分别检测LDHA m RNA和蛋白的沉默效率。利用MTT法检测A549细胞的增殖情况。结果:测序结果证实,CRISPR/Cas9系统重组载体p X260-LDHA构建成功;筛选出LDHA沉默A549细胞株,定量PCR和免疫印迹实验证实LDHA m RNA和蛋白的表达量均明显下调。MTT法证实:培养24,48,72h后,LDHA沉默A549细胞与对照细胞相比,其增殖被抑制。结论:转染靶向LDHA基因的CRISPR/Cas9系统重组载体,可明显下调LDHA m RNA和蛋白表达,抑制肺癌细胞A549的增殖。     

LATS1过表达对肺癌A549细胞增殖及周期的影响

通过过表达手段上调大肿瘤抑制因子1（1arge tumor suppressor gene 1,LATS1）基因在A549细胞中的表达,研究LATS1对A549细胞生长和细胞周期调控的作用。构建过表达LATS1基因的慢病毒载体,转染A549N胞株,采用RT-PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测转染后A549细胞中LATS1、YAPmRNA和蛋白的表达效率;流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡、周期情况：CCK-8检测细胞的增殖水平变化。结果发现,过表达LATS1慢病毒载体转染A549细胞株后,LATS1mRNA及蛋白表达水平高于未处理组及转染空载体组,YAPmRNA及蛋白表达水平低于未处理组及转染空载体组;过表达LATS1慢病毒转染后,A549细胞增殖率从第五天开始低于对照组（P〈0．05）,过表达组细胞G1期比例明显增高（P〈0．05）,凋亡率明显增加（P〈0．05）,差异均有统计学意义。以上结果提示,LATS1可通过下调YAP的表达水平促进A549细胞的凋亡,诱导G1期阻滞,降低细胞的增殖能力。     

The tumor suppressor gene RBM5 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell growth and induces apoptosis

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The loss of tumor suppressor gene (TSG) function is a critical step in the pathogenesis of human lung cancer. RBM5 (RNA-binding motif protein 5, also named H37/LUCA-15) gene from chromosome 3p21.3 demonstrated tumor suppressor activity. However, the role of RBM5 played in the occurrence and development of lung cancer is still not well understood. METHOD: Paired non-tumor and tumor tissues were obtained from 30 adenocarcinomas. The expression of RBM5 mRNA and protein was examined by RT-PCR and Western blot. A549 cell line was used to determine the apoptotic function of RBM5 in vitro. A549 cells were transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1-RBM5. AnnexinV analysis was performed by flow cytometry. Expression of Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9 and PAPP proteins in A549 lung cancer cells and the A549 xenograft BALB/c nude mice model was determined by Western blot. Tumor suppressor activity of RBM5 was also examined in the A549 xenograft model treated with pcDNA3.1-RBM5 plasmid carried by attenuated Salmonella typhi Ty21a. Result The expression of RBM5 mRNA and protein was decreased significantly in adenocarcinoma tissues compared to that in the non-tumor tissues. In addition, as compared to the vector control, a significant growth inhibition of A549 lung cancer cells was observed when transfected with pcDNA3.1-RBM5 as determined by cell proliferation assay. We also found that overexpression of RBM5 induced both early and late apoptosis in A549 cells using AnnexinV/PI staining as determined by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression of Bcl-2 protein was decreased, whereas the expression of cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9 and PARP proteins was significantly increased in the RBM5 transfected cells; similarly, expression of decreased Bcl-2 and increased cleaved caspase-3 proteins was also examined in the A549 xenograft model. More importantly, we showed that accumulative and stable overexpression of RBM5 in the A549 xenograft BALB/c nude mice model significantly inhibited the tumor growth rate in vivo as compared to that in the control. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that RBM5 can inhibit the growth of lung cancer cells and induce apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo, which suggests that RBM5 might be used as a potential biomarker or target for lung cancer diagnosis and chemotherapy. Moreover, we propose a novel animal model set up in BALB/c nude mice treated with attenuated Salmonella as a vector carrying plasmids to determine RBM5 function in vivo.     

p21基因的克隆及其对肺癌细胞生长的抑制

用反转录PCR从正常人胚胎肺细胞中获得了p21基因cDNA,将其插入真核表达载体pMSCVneo,构建成重组质粒pMS21,并将其转染至肺癌细胞株A549。通过集落形成观察到p21对肺癌细胞具有明显的抑制作用,经RNA狭缝杂交、Western印迹分析和免疫细胞化学实验证实这是p21表达的结果。荷瘤裸鼠实验也进一步证实了p21对肺癌细胞具有明显的抑制作用。     

p21基因的克隆及其对肺癌细胞生长的抑制

用反转录ＰＣＲ从正常人胚胎肺细胞中获得了ｐ２１基因ｃＤＮＡ,将其插入真核表达载体ｐＭＳＣＶｎｅｏ,构建成重组质粒,ｐＭＳ２１,并将其转染至肺癌细胞株Ａ５４９．通过集落形成观察到ｐ２１对肺癌细胞具有明显的抑制作用,经ＲＮＡ狭缝杂交、Ｗｅｓｔ－ｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ分析和免疫细胞化学实验证实这是ｐ２１表达的结果．荷瘤裸鼠实验也进一步证实了ｐ２１对肺癌细胞具有明显的抑制作用．为ｐ２１的深入研究提供了基础．     

Differential protein expressions induced by adenovirus-mediated p16 gene transfer into Balb/c nude mouse

To evaluate the safety of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, we investigated differential protein expression after transducing adenoviral vector containing the p16(INK4a) tumor suppressor gene (Ad5CMV-p16) into Balb/c nude mice. We found that adenovirus-mediated p16(INK4a) gene transfer inhibited experimental lung metastasis, and that the intratumoral injection of Ad5CMV-p16 resulted in regression of A549 cell xenografted tumors in Balb/c nude mice. We investigated changes in protein expression after intratumoral injection of Ad5CMV-p16 or Ad5CMV (10(10) plaque-forming units) into A549 cell xenografted Balb/c nude mice by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis /matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Compared with the control (serum-free medium treated tumor cells) Ad5CMV-p16 gene transfer changed the expression of 29 proteins including heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein, protein phosphatase 2, 14-3-3 zeta protein, alpha-tubulin, and glutathione-S-transferase P1. Moreover, both Ad5CMV-p16 and Ad5CMV up-regulated the expression of glutathione-S-transferase P1. In addition, Ad5CMV-p16 gene transfer did not seem to increase the expression of tumorigenicity-related protein in Balb/c nude mice. Further studies will be needed to investigate the effect of Ad5CMV-p16 on normal human cells and tissues for safety evaluation. These results suggest that the p16 gene seems to have an important role in apoptosis as well as in cell cycle arrest in non-small cell lung cancer.     

穿膜素TAT介导的KDR-siRNA慢病毒载体的构建及其靶向肺癌A549细胞的抗肿瘤作用

为了构建TAT与KDR-siRNA慢病毒载体,观察其对肺癌细胞株 A549的体外靶向抗肿瘤作用,利用重组技术构建TAT-KDR siRNA慢病毒载体并转染人肺癌细胞株 A549。实时荧光定量PCR、Western blot检测KDR基因水平变化;流式细胞仪、MTT 法、集落形成试验检测其对A549细胞株细胞凋亡、细胞增殖和克隆形成的影响;细胞黏附实验评价其肿瘤靶向性。其抗癌作用主要表现为可有效地抑制A549细胞KDR基因表达、细胞增殖和克隆形成,促进细胞凋亡,并具有肿瘤靶向性作用。因而认为,TAT与KDR靶向siRNA慢病毒载体具有显著的肿瘤靶向性和抗肿瘤活性。     

miR-424-5p通过下调BCL-2的表达抑制人肺癌A549细胞增殖

microRNAs(miRNAs)是一类在真核生物中广泛存在的长度约为20～22个核苷酸的单链非编码小RNA,通过与其靶基因mRNA的3′非翻译区（3′UTR）结合发挥转录后抑制作用,参与调节细胞生长增殖、细胞代谢、细胞凋亡以及肿瘤的发生发展等过程。为研究microRNA-424-5p（miR-424-5p）在肺癌细胞中的作用及机理,利用lipo2000转染试剂将miR-424-5p mimics转染入人的非小细胞型肺癌细胞(NSCLC)A549中,流式细胞术检测A549细胞的周期变化及凋亡情况,发现细胞生长阻滞于G1/G0期且凋亡率显著上升。利用克隆形成实验和CCK-8法分别检测,发现miR-424-5p导致A549细胞增殖能力及活力降低。用在线数据库预测出抗凋亡基因BCL-2可能是miR-424-5p的靶基因,随后扩增BCL-2 mRNA 的3′UTR,采用双荧光素酶报告实验及Western印迹检测证明BCL-2确为miR-424-5p的靶基因。构建BCL-2的真核表达载体pCMV-HA-BCL-2,与空载分别转染A549细胞后发现过表达BCL-2可抵消miR-424-5p引起的细胞周期阻滞及细胞凋亡。以上结果提示,miR-424-5p可以通过下调BCL-2的表达来抑制肺癌细胞增殖。     

Down-regulation of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V by tumorigenesis- or metastasis-suppressor gene and its relation to metastatic potential of human hepatocarcinoma cells

The effects of transfection of the metastasis suppressor gene nm23-H1 and cell-cycle related tumor-suppressor gene p16 on the activity of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) and their relations to cancer metastatic potential were investigated. After transfection of nm23-H1 into 7721 human hepatocarcinoma cells and A549 human lung cancer cells, the activities of GnT-V were decreased by 28%-42% in the cells. In contrast, when p16 was transfected into these two cell lines, the decrease of GnT-V activity was only observed in A549 cells. This was probably to be due to the obvious expression of p16 gene in parental 7721 cells and the deletion of p16 in A549 cells. The decrease of GnT-V mRNA was only observed in nm23-H1-transfected cells, but not in p16-transfected A549 cells, suggesting that these two genes regulated GnT-V via different mechanisms. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-lectin staining showed that the 7721 cells transfected with nm23-H1 or the A549 cells transfected with p16 displayed a decreased intensity with HRP-leucoagglutinating phytohemagglutinin and increased intensity with HRP-concanavalin A, indicating the decline of beta1,6 N-acetylglucosamine branching structure on the asparagine-linked glycans of cell-surface and intracellular glycoproteins. The nm23-H1 transfected 7721 cells also displayed some changes in metastasis-related phenotypes, including the increase in cell adhesion to fibronectin (Fn), the decline in cell adhesion to laminin (Ln), and the decreased cell migration and invasion through matrigel. Transfection of antisense GnT-V cDNA into 7721 cells resulted in a decrease of GnT-V activity, an increase of cell adhesion to Fn or Ln, and a decrease in cell migration and invasion through matrigel. These phenotypes bore similarity to those of the 7721 cells transfected with nm23-H1. Our findings indicate that the down-regulation of GnT-V by nm23-H1 contributes to the alterations in metastasis-related phenotypes, and is an important molecular mechanism of metastasis suppression mediated by nm23-H1.     

Cyr61, a member of CCN family, is a tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer

Cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61) is a member of a family of growth factor-inducible immediate-early genes. It regulates cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and differentiation and is involved in tumor growth. In our experiments, the role of Cyr61 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was examined. Expression of Cyr61 mRNA was decreased markedly in four of five human lung tumor samples compared with their normal matched lung samples. NSCLC cell lines NCI-H520 and H460, which have no endogenous Cyr61, formed 60-90% fewer colonies after being transfected with a Cyr61 cDNA expression vector than cells transfected with the same amount of empty vector. After stable transfection of a Cyr61 cDNA expression vector, proliferation of both H520-Cyr61 and H460-Cyr61 sublines decreased remarkably compared with the cells stably transfected with empty vector. The addition of antibody against Cyr61 partially rescued the growth suppression of both H520-Cyr61 and H460-Cyr61 cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed that both H520-Cyr61 and H460-Cyr61 cells developed G(1) arrest, prominently up-regulated expression of p53 and p21(WAF1), and had decreased activity of cyclin-dependent kinase 2. The increase of pocket protein pRB2/p130 was also detected in these cells. Notably, both of the Cyr61-stably transfected lung cancer cell lines developed smaller tumors than those formed by the wild-type cells in nude mice. Taken together, we conclude that Cyr61 may play a role as a tumor suppressor in NSCLC.