共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Activation of STAT proteins and growth control 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Bromberg JF 《BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology》2001,23(2):161-169
2.
ERM proteins: from cellular architecture to cell signaling 总被引:26,自引:0,他引:26
Louvet-Vallée S 《Biology of the cell / under the auspices of the European Cell Biology Organization》2000,92(5):305-316
ERM (ezrin/radixin/moesin) proteins, concentrated in actin rich cell-surface structures, cross-link actin filaments with the plasma membrane. They are involved in the formation of microvilli, cell-cell adhesion, maintenance of cell shape, cell motility and membrane trafficking. Recent analyses reveal that they are not only involved in cytoskeleton organization but also in signaling pathway. They play an important role in the activation of members of the Rho family by recruiting their regulators. The functions of ERM proteins are regulated by their conformational charges: the intramolecular interaction between the N- and C-terminal domains of ERM proteins charges masks several binding sites, leading to a dormant protein. Different activation signals regulate ERM proteins functions by modulating these intramolecular interactions. The involvement of ERM proteins in many signaling pathways has led to study their role during development of different species. 相似文献
3.
Pituitary tumor transforming gene (PTTG) is an oncogene which is found to be highly expressed in proliferating cells and in most of the tumors analyzed to date. Overexpression of PTTG induces cellular transformation and promotes tumor development in nude mice. PTTG is regulated by various growth factors including insulin and IGF-1. PTTG is a multifunctional and multidomain protein. Some of the functions of PTTG include inhibition of separation of sister chromatids, expression and secretion of angiogenic and metastatic factors. In this review we focus on expression of PTTG in normal and tumor tissues, define its biological function, its role in tumorigenesis, and its interaction with other proteins that may play important role in mediating tumorigenic function of PTTG. 相似文献
4.
S Shall 《Biochemical Society transactions》1989,17(2):317-322
5.
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins and cellular control 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
G Milligan 《Current opinion in cell biology》1989,1(2):196-200
6.
A M Spiegel 《Current opinion in cell biology》1992,4(2):203-211
In the past year, cDNA cloning has revealed substantial diversity in G protein alpha, beta and gamma subunits. The number of cellular functions recognized to be controlled by G proteins is also increasing. Most G proteins are associated with the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane, and molecular mechanisms for membrane association of certain G protein subunits have been defined recently. Mutations in G protein subunits, both artificially induced and naturally occurring, have provided important insights into G protein structure and function. 相似文献
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Jana Krietsch Michèle Rouleau Émilie Pic Chantal Ethier Ted M. Dawson Valina L. Dawson Jean-Yves Masson Guy G. Poirier Jean-Philippe Gagné 《Molecular aspects of medicine》2013
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a posttranslational modification catalyzed by the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). These enzymes covalently modify glutamic, aspartic and lysine amino acid side chains of acceptor proteins by the sequential addition of ADP-ribose (ADPr) units. The poly(ADP-ribose) (pADPr) polymers formed alter the physico-chemical characteristics of the substrate with functional consequences on its biological activities. Recently, non-covalent binding to pADPr has emerged as a key mechanism to modulate and coordinate several intracellular pathways including the DNA damage response, protein stability and cell death. In this review, we describe the basis of non-covalent binding to pADPr that has led to the emerging concept of pADPr-responsive signaling pathways. This review emphasizes the structural elements and the modular strategies developed by pADPr-binding proteins to exert a fine-tuned control of a variety of pathways. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation reactions are highly regulated processes, both spatially and temporally, for which at least four specialized pADPr-binding modules accommodate different pADPr structures and reprogram protein functions. In this review, we highlight the role of well-characterized and newly discovered pADPr-binding modules in a diverse set of physiological functions. 相似文献
9.
The availability of effective vaccines has had the most profound positive effect on improving the quality of public health
by preventing infectious diseases. Despite many successful vaccines, there are still old and new emerging pathogens against
which there is no vaccine available. A better understanding of how vaccines work for providing protection will help to improve
current vaccines as well as to develop effective vaccines against pathogens for which we do not have a proper means to control.
Recent studies have focused on innate immunity as the first line of host defense and its role in inducing adaptive immunity;
such studies have been an intense area of research, which will reveal the immunological mechanisms how vaccines work for protection.
Toll-like receptors (TLRs), a family of receptors for pathogen-associated molecular patterns on cells of the innate immune
system, play a critical role in detecting and responding to microbial infections. Importantly, the innate immune system modulates
the quantity and quality of longterm T and B cell memory and protective immune responses to pathogens. Limited studies suggest
that vaccines which mimic natural infection and/or the structure of pathogens seem to be effective in inducing long-term protective
immunity. A better understanding of the similarities and differences of the molecular and cellular events in host responses
to vaccination and pathogen infection would enable the rationale for design of novel preventive measures against many challenging
pathogens. 相似文献
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11.
Benghezal M Cornillon S Gebbie L Alibaud L Brückert F Letourneur F Cosson P 《Molecular biology of the cell》2003,14(7):2890-2899
The transmembrane 9 (TM9) family of proteins contains numerous members in eukaryotes. Although their function remains essentially unknown in higher eukaryotes, the Dictyostelium discoideum Phg1a TM9 protein was recently reported to be essential for cellular adhesion and phagocytosis. Herein, the function of Phg1a and of a new divergent member of the TM9 family called Phg1b was further investigated in D. discoideum. The phenotypes of PHG1a, PHG1b, and PHG1a/PHG1b double knockout cells revealed that Phg1a and Phg1b proteins play a synergistic but not redundant role in cellular adhesion, phagocytosis, growth, and development. Complementation analysis supports a synergistic regulatory function rather than a receptor role for Phg1a and Phg1b proteins. Together, these results suggest that Phg1 proteins act as regulators of cellular adhesion, possibly by controlling the intracellular transport in the endocytic pathway and the composition of the cell surface. 相似文献
12.
Mark R. Brodl 《Physiologia plantarum》1989,75(3):439-443
Exposure of plant cells to heat shock temperature results in the synthesis of a set of heat shock proteins and, in many cases, the interruption of normal cellular protein synthesis. In some plant secretory cells the interruption of normal cellular protein synthesis is accomplished by the destabilization of otherwise stable mRNAs, perhaps via the dissociation of the endoplasmic reticulum lamellae upon which these mRNAs are translated. Such a mechanism represents a novel means for the regulation of gene expression. 相似文献
13.
Tamura RE de Vasconcellos JF Sarkar D Libermann TA Fisher PB Zerbini LF 《Current molecular medicine》2012,12(5):634-651
The Growth Arrest and DNA Damage-inducible 45 (GADD45) proteins have been implicated in regulation of many cellular functions including DNA repair, cell cycle control, senescence and genotoxic stress. However, the pro-apoptotic activities have also positioned GADD45 as an essential player in oncogenesis. Emerging functional evidence implies that GADD45 proteins serve as tumor suppressors in response to diverse stimuli, connecting multiple cell signaling modules. Defects in the GADD45 pathway can be related to the initiation and progression of malignancies. Moreover, induction of GADD45 expression is an essential step for mediating anti-cancer activity of multiple chemotherapeutic drugs and the absence of GADD45 might abrogate their effects in cancer cells. In this review, we present a comprehensive discussion of the functions of GADD45 proteins, linking their regulation to effectors of cell cycle arrest, DNA repair and apoptosis. The ramifications regarding their roles as essential and central players in tumor growth suppression are also examined. We also extensively review recent literature to clarify how different chemotherapeutic drugs induce GADD45 gene expression and how its up-regulation and interaction with different molecular partners may benefit cancer chemotherapy and facilitate novel drug discovery. 相似文献
14.
《Luminescence》2003,18(1):1-18
An Erratum has been published for this article in Luminescence (2003) 18(4) 243 During the past 5 years, green fluorescent protein (GFP) has become one of the most widely used in vivo protein markers for studying a number of different molecular processes during development, such as promoter activation, gene expression, protein trafficking and cell lineage determination. GFP fluorescence allows observation of dynamic developmental processes in real time, in both transiently and stably transformed cells, as well as in live embryos. In this review, we include the most up‐to‐date use of GFP during embryonic development and point out the unique contribution of GFP visualization, which resulted in novel discoveries. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
Overexpression of an ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) transgene greatly increases the susceptibility of mouse skin to carcinogen-induced tumor development. Like many phenotypes in transgenic models, this enhanced susceptibility phenotype is strongly influenced by genetic background. We have mapped tumor-modifier genes in intraspecific crosses between transgenic K6/ODC mice on a susceptible strain background (C57Bl/6J), a moderately resistant background (FVB), or a highly resistant background (C3H/HeJ). We identified several quantitative trait loci that influenced either tumor multiplicity or predisposition to the development of squamous cell carcinoma, but not both phenotypes. Because we did not use a tumor-promotion protocol to induce tumors, most of the quantitative trait loci mapped in this study are distinct from skin tumor-susceptibility loci identified previously. The use of a combined transgenic-standard strain approach to genetic analysis has resulted in detection of previously unknown genetic loci affecting skin tumor susceptibility. 相似文献
16.
STAT proteins and transcriptional responses to extracellular signals 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
Horvath CM 《Trends in biochemical sciences》2000,25(10):496-502
17.
Heat shock proteins in cancer: chaperones of tumorigenesis 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
18.
Extracellular matrix control of mammary gland morphogenesis and tumorigenesis: insights from imaging
The extracellular matrix (ECM), once thought to solely provide physical support to a tissue, is a key component of a cell’s
microenvironment responsible for directing cell fate and maintaining tissue specificity. It stands to reason, then, that changes
in the ECM itself or in how signals from the ECM are presented to or interpreted by cells can disrupt tissue organization;
the latter is a necessary step for malignant progression. In this review, we elaborate on this concept using the mammary gland
as an example. We describe how the ECM directs mammary gland formation and function, and discuss how a cell’s inability to
interpret these signals—whether as a result of genetic insults or physicochemical alterations in the ECM—disorganizes the
gland and promotes malignancy. By restoring context and forcing cells to properly interpret these native signals, aberrant
behavior can be quelled and organization re-established. Traditional imaging approaches have been a key complement to the
standard biochemical, molecular, and cell biology approaches used in these studies. Utilizing imaging modalities with enhanced
spatial resolution in live tissues may uncover additional means by which the ECM regulates tissue structure, on different
length scales, through its pericellular organization (short-scale) and by biasing morphogenic and morphostatic gradients (long-scale).
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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Difficulties of various methods of isolation of DNA-free non-histone proteins (NHP) from different animal tissues and tumor cells are discussed. As a result, a simple and effective way of obtaining clean preparations of NHP possessing phosphoproteinkinase and immunological activity has been described. 相似文献