共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Jadwiga Chmielnicka Elzbieta Komsta-Szumska Grazyna Zaręba 《Biological trace element research》1988,17(1):285-292
Distribution and retention of zinc in the presence of cadmium and copper was studied in rats exposed repeatedly to these metals.
The experiment was performed on white rats of the Wistar strain. The animals were divided into four groups/five rats each:
1)65ZnCl2; 2)65ZnCl2+CdCl2; 3)65ZnCl2+CuCl2; and 4) control group. Rats were administered sc every other day for two weeks:65ZnCl2−5 mg Zn/kg; CdCl2−0,3 Cd/kg; and CuCl2−2 mg Cu/kg. The zinc content was measured in rat tissues by γ-counting. Effect of Cd and Cu on subcellular distribution of
zinc in the kidney and liver and on the level of metallothionein were also examined.
Whole body retention of zinc under the influence of cadmium was lower than that observed in animals treated with zinc alone.
However, copper increased twofold the whole body retention of zinc. Cadmium elevated the accumulation of zinc only in the
kidneys nuclear fraction and liver soluble fraction.
In the kidneys and liver, copper elevated the accumulation of zinc, in the nuclear, mitochondrial, and soluble fractions.
The level of metallothionein-like proteins (MT) in the kidneys after a combined supply of zinc and copper was significantly
increased with respect to the group of animals treated with zinc alone.
These results indicated complex interactions between cadmium, copper, and zinc that can affect the metabolism of each of the
metals. 相似文献
2.
Effect of flow rate on heavy metal accumulation by rotating biological contactor (RBC) biofilms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Immobilized biofilms are effective in heavy metal removal. The current studies investigated the use of rotating biological
contactor (RBC) biofilms in treatment of a wastewater containing cadmium, copper and zinc, each at a concentration of 100 mg
L−1. In particular, the influence of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on metal accumulation was studied. Longer HRTs (>12 h) were
associated with greater metal removal than short HRTs, particularly with regard to cadmium and zinc. The system was also shown
to operate successfully over an extended period of time, at an HRT of 24 h, with removal efficiencies of approximately 34%,
85% and 57% for Cd2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ respectively after 5–8 weeks contact. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 24, 244–250.
Received 28 July 1999/ Accepted in revised form 21 December 1999 相似文献
3.
David W. Ow 《In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Plant》1993,29(4):213-219
Summary Plants and certain fungi respond to heavy metal toxicity with the induced synthesis of metal-binding peptides known as phytochelatins
(PCs). With cadmium, PCs can bind the metal to form a low molecular weight PC-Cd complex and a high molecular weight PC-Cd-S2− complex. The sulfide ions enhance the stability and Cd-binding capacity of the metal chelate, and formation of this sulfide-containing
complex is associated with enhanced tolerance to cadmium. Molecular analyses of two fission yeast mutants that fail to produce
a wild type level of the PC-Cd-S2− complex have determined that a vacuolar membrane transporter and several enzymes of the purine biosynthesis pathway are necessary
in vivo for formation of the PC- Cd-S2− complex. A model based on vacuolar sequestration of the PC-Cd complex by an ATP-binding cassette-type transporter and its
subsequent maturation into the stable PC-Cd-S2− complex via the actions of two purine biosynthetic enzymes is described.
Presented in the Session-in-Depth Bioremediation through Biotechnological Means at the 1993 Congress on Cell and Tissue Culture,
San Diego, CA, June 5–9, 1993. 相似文献
4.
Zinc, cadmium, and copper are known to interact in many transport processes, but the mechanism of inhibition is widely debated,
being either competitive or noncompetitive according to the experimental model employed. We investigated the mechanisms of
inhibition of zinc transport by cadmium and copper using renal proximal cells isolated from rabbit kidney. Initial rates of65Zn uptake were assessed after 0.5 min of incubation. The kinetics parameters of zinc uptake obtained at 20°C were a Jmax of 208.0±8.4 pmol· min−1·(mg protein)−1, aK
m of 15.0±1.5 μM and an unsaturable constant of 0.259±0.104 (n=8). Cadmium at 15 μM competitively inhibited zinc uptake. In the presence of 50 μM cadmium, or copper at both 15 and 50 μM, there was evidence of noncompetitive inhibition. These data suggest that zinc and cadmium enter renal proximal cells via
a common, saturable, carrier-mediated process. The mechanisms of the noncompetitive inhibition observed at higher concentrations
of cadmium or with copper require further investigation, but may involve a toxic effect on the cytoskeleton. 相似文献
5.
B. Sathyanathan 《Journal of biosciences》1996,21(6):809-818
The typical euryhaline clamVillorita cyprinoides (Hanley) was acclimated to copper and zinc at salinity 13 × 10−3 and < 1 × 10−3 (fresh water). Acclimation enhanced the lethal tolerance, as denoted by dose-survival curves, which was more pronounced after
zinc acclimation. In fresh water copper acclimation sensitized the organisms. The copper accumulation trend was significantly
changed consequent to metal acclimation, especially after zinc acclimation, indicating some tissue metal regulatory effect.
Acclimation to copper equiped the organism to survive for longer periods with increased body burden of copper, while zinc
acclimation supressed the uptake of the more toxic ion copper. The earlier report of increased uptake of zinc by this organism
during combined exposure with copper is corelated in the present context. The role of metallothionein like protein in providing
protection against metal toxicity, the environmental implication of acclimation phenomena are indicated 相似文献
6.
Richard P. Cosson 《Biometals》1994,7(1):9-19
Determination of metal levels (copper, zinc, cadmium, silver and mercury) in soluble and insoluble fractions of liver homogenates has been performed after 7 days exposure of carps (Cyprinus carpio) to moderate concentrations of cadmium, silver and mercury in water. Metallothionein (MT) levels have been quantified by a polarographic method before and after the contamination and a subsequent decontamination phase (7 days). The influence of pretreatment by zinc (7 days) has also been evaluated. MT level variations have been interpreted as having regard to inter-related flows of metal between subcellular fractions. Special interest has been focused on heat-stable compound (HSC)-bound heavy metal flows within the cytosol, taking in account that MT is the major component of these ligands. Our data showed differences between the ability of metals to bind cytosolic ligands and HSCs, and their respective potency for MT induction in liver. Regardless of pretreatment, mercury gave the highest increase of liver MT, but the MT level decreased during the decontamination step, especially after pretreatment by zinc. Cadmium and silver gave similar increases, but a significant difference with the control appeared only after the decontamination step with cadmium, while 1 week of contamintion was enough for silver. However, silver binding with MT was achieved only by the end of the decontamination step, while cadmium depicted the highest ratio for HSC-bound toxic metals after the contamination. Our experimental conditions gave the following order of potency for MT induction in liver: mercury silver > cadmium > zinc. Results are discussed comparatively with data obtained with carp gills. 相似文献
7.
Phytoremediation is an innovative biological technique to reclaim land contaminated by heavy metals or organic pollutants. In the present work, we studied the ability of five woody species to extract heavy metal (copper, zinc or cadmium) from a polluted soil to their above-ground tissues. Metal content in leaves and twigs was determined. Salix and Betula transferred zinc and cadmium to leaves and twigs, but Alnus, Fraxinus and Sorbus excluded them from their above-ground tissues. None of the species considered transferred copper to the shoots. 相似文献
8.
Comparative strategies of heavy metal accumulation by crustaceans: zinc,copper and cadmium in a decapod,an amphipod and a barnacle 总被引:10,自引:2,他引:8
This study investigates the comparative strategies of accumulation under standardised laboratory conditions of the essential metals zinc and copper, and the non-essential metal cadmium by three crustaceans of different taxa; vizPalaemon elegans Rathke (Malacostraca: Eucarida: Decapoda),Echinogammarus pirloti (Sexton & Spooner) (Malacostraca: Peracarida: Amphipoda) and the barnacleElminius modestus Darwin (Cirripedia: Thoracica).The decapodP. elegans regulates body zinc concentrations to a constant level (ca. 79 µg Zn g–1) over a wide range of dissolved metal availabilities until regulation breaks down at high Zn availabilities and net accumulation begins. The amphipodE. pirloti accumulates zinc at all dissolved zinc concentrations but at a low net rate such that the accumulation strategy approaches that of regulation. The barnacleE. modestus accumulates zinc to high body concentrations with no significant excretion of accumulated zinc. In the case of copper,P. elegans similarly regulates body copper concentrations to a constant level (ca. 129 µg Cu g–1) over a range of dissolved copper availabilities until regulation breaks down at high copper concentrations. Both the amphipodE. pirloti and the barnacleE. modestus on the other hand accumulate copper at all dissolved copper exposures with no evidence of regulation. All three crustaceans accumulate the non-essential metal cadmium at all dissolved cadmium concentrations without regulation.Heavy metal accumulation strategies therefore vary between crustacean taxa and between metals. Uptake rates for zinc and cadmium have been estimated for the three crustaceans and can be interpreted in terms of cuticle permeability and way of life of each crustacean. Examination of these uptake rates provides an insight into possible reasons behind the adoption of particular metal accumulation strategies. 相似文献
9.
The accumulation of copper, zinc and cadmium inA. yokoscense collected from Ashio (copper-contaminated area), Bandai (zinc- and cadmium-contaminated area) and Tama (non-contaminated
area), has been investigated. Copper and zinc were accumulated most highly in the root, whilst cadmium was accumulated more
in the leaf. The root ofA. yokoscense growing in areas contaminated with metals contained maximum amounts of Cu (5, 989 mg. kg−1 dry weight) and Zn (6,384 mg.kg−1 dry weight), while in the leaf from the Bandai area 164.8 mg Cd.kg−1 dry weight was accumulated. These amounts are far greater than those found inA yokoscense growing on the non-metalliferous habitat (Tama). Twenty five times more zinc and three times more cadmium were found in the
dead leaf than in the living leaf. InA. yokoscense growing on soils containing more than 1,000 mg Cu or Zn.kg−1 dry weight, the uptake of copper by the root increased considerably with increasing copper content in the soils, while the
uptake of zinc increased only slightly compared with the increase of zinc in the soils. 相似文献
10.
Thiobacillus ferrooxidans response to copper and other heavy metals: growth, protein synthesis and protein phosphorylation 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Novo MT da Silva AC Moreto R Cabral PC Costacurta A Garcia O Ottoboni LM 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2000,77(2):187-195
Respirometric experiments demonstrated that the oxygen uptake by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans strain LR was not inhibited in the presence of 200 mM copper. Copper-treated and untreated cells from this T. ferrooxidans strain were used in growth experiments in the presence of cadmium, copper, nickel and zinc. Growth in the presence of copper was improved by the copper-treated cells. However, no growth was observed for these cells, within 190 h of culture, when cadmium, nickel and zinc were added to the media. Changes in the total protein synthesis pattern were detected by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for T. ferrooxidans LR cells grown in the presence of different heavy metals. Specific proteins were induced by copper (16, 28 and 42 kDa) and cadmium (66 kDa), whereas proteins that had their synthesis repressed were observed for all the heavy metals tested. Protein induction was also observed in the cytosolic and membrane fractions from T. ferrooxidans LR cells grown in the presence of copper. The level of protein phosphorylation was increased in the presence of this metal. 相似文献
11.
《Chemical Speciation and Bioavailability》2013,25(4):193-198
AbstractDue to the difficulties of precisely characterizing environmentally contaminated soil, the effects of heavy metals on plants are studied using uncontaminated soil spiked with known quantities of heavy metals. One problem in using spiked soils is how accurately the distribution of metals mimics stabilized natural soils. We studied the distribution of cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc in soil fractions after application in soluble form. The soil samples included a control (an uncontaminated Typic Argiudoll) and two samples spiked with either a moderate or high heavy metal concentration). After application of the salts the soils were subjected to wet/dry cycles over the course of three months. The soils were fractionated using a sequential chemical extraction procedure employing: (1) CaCl2,(2) NaOH, (3) Na2EDTA and (4) HNO3, HCl, and HF. Soil physical separation was carried out by ultrasonic dispersion. The heavy metal levels were determined using ICP-AES. Each heavy metal displayed a unique behavior when added to soil in the form of soluble salts. Cadmium and zinc remained in the soluble fraction, indicating that no equilibrium was attained, while nickel primarily appeared in the insoluble fraction. Chromium, copper and lead were distributed among various soil chemical fractions. The highest levels of all metals appeared in the clay fraction except lead which was mainly present in the silt fraction. 相似文献
12.
The interaction of injected zinc and cadmium with metallothionein was investigated in newborn rats. Tissues of 5-day-old rats were removed 24 h after a single injection (Sc) of saline or zinc (20 mg/kg, body wt.) or cadmium (1 mg/kg, body wt.) with 2.5 μCi of 65Zn or 109Cd or 5 μCi of [35S]cysteine. Injection of zinc resulted in a 75% increase in the hepatic zinc concentration with a concomitant elevation of metallothionein (P < 0.001), zinc in metallothionein increased by 45% (P < 0.05); [35S]cysteine incorporation indicated the induced synthesis of metallothionein. Injection of cadmium did not alter either metallothionein or zinc levels in liver, but cadmium in cytosol was preferentially bound to metallothionein. Neither treatment altered hepatic copper metabolism and copper in metallothionein, nor renal zinc and metallothionein levels. These data indicate that zinc injection can elevate hepatic zinc levels and induce metallothionein synthesis in newborn rats despite high basal levels; cadmium injection does not induce metallothionein synthesis, though cadmium is avidly sequestered by pre-existing metallothionein. The differences in the induction of metallothionein by these divalent cations can be explained by the differences in their binding affinities for thiol groups in intracellular metallothionein. 相似文献
13.
In vivo and in situ visualization of early physiological events induced by heavy metals in pea root meristem 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Nóra Lehotai Andrea Pető Szilvia Bajkán László Erdei Irma Tari Zsuzsanna Kolbert 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2011,33(6):2199-2207
Heavy metals (HMs) are toxic pollutants, which can negatively affect the physiological processes of plants; moreover, HMs
can be present in the food chain endangering people’s health. The aim of this study was to investigate the early physiological
events during HM exposure in the root tips of the food plant Pisum sativum L. Ten-day-old pea plants were treated with 100 μM CdCl2 or CuSO4, in nutrient solution for 48 h. We studied the rapid formation of different reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide H2O2 and superoxide radical O2·−) and reactive nitrogen species (nitric oxide NO· and peroxynitrite ONOO−) together with membrane damage and cell death in the meristem cells of pea roots using in vivo and in situ microscopic methods.
In our experimental system, copper and cadmium induced the formation of H2O2 and NO. Two hours of heavy metal treatments resulted in an increased O2·− formation; however, later the level of this reactive molecule dramatically decreased. We found that high levels of NO were
needed for ONOO− production under HM exposure. A fast loss of membrane integrity and decreased cell viability were detected in root tips of
copper-treated plants. The effects of cadmium seemed to be slower compared to copper, but this non-essential metal also caused
cell death. We concluded that viability decreased when NO and H2O2 levels were simultaneously high in the same tissues. Using the NO scavenger it was also evidenced that NO generation is essential
for cell death induction under copper or cadmium stress. 相似文献
14.
The concentrations of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium in the surface sediment (upper 5 mm) were generally higher in the silt fraction than in the bulk sediment. No significant geographical trend in the metal concentrations of the surface sediments was found, nor a correlation between concentrations in bulk sediment as well as in the silt fraction and the % silt could be established. In general, the metal concentrations in both bulk sediment and silt are lower, when compared to marine environments in other climatological regions.In zooplankton, the metal concentrations were relatively high: expressed in µg g–1 on a dry weight (D.W.) basis, they ranged from 15–90 for copper, 70–580 for zinc, 12–55 for lead and 4–10 for cadmium.In epibenthic invertebrate species, both in crustaceans and bivalve molluscs, the concentrations of copper, zinc, and lead were in the same order of magnitude as compared to corresponding species from other geographical latitudes. Cadmium concentrations were relatively low, ranging from 0.13–0.42 µg g–1 D.W. in the bivalve molluscs Pitaria tumens and from 0.04–0.27 µg g–1 D.W. in the shrimp Processa elegantula. Also in the crab species Ilia spinosa, Inachus sp. and Pagurus sp., the cadmium concentrations were low, varying between 0.1 and 0.2 µg g–1 D.W.No significant relation between the metal concentration in whole-body samples and sediment (either bulk or silt) was present. Also no gradient was apparent in concentrations in organisms sampled at different depths (5 to 200 m) along two off-shore transects perpendicular to the Banc d'Arguin. Data indicated lower metal concentration in epibenthic organisms from sampling stations along a northern transect (southwest of Cap Blanc) than in organisms from the southern transect, off Cap Timiris.Evidence was obtained for a considerable atmospheric input of heavy metals, in particular zinc and lead, in a certain area along the continental slope of the Banc d'Arguin. 相似文献
15.
Laurent Noël Céline Huynh-Delerme Thierry Guérin Hélène Huet Jean-Marc Frémy Martine Kolf-Clauw 《Biometals》2006,19(5):473-481
The influence of long-term exposure to cadmium (Cd) on essential minerals was investigated using a Caco-2 TC7 cells and a
multi-analytical tool: microwave digestion and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Intracellular levels, effects
on cadmium accumulation, distribution, and reference concentration ranges of the following elements were determined: Na, Mg,
Ca, Cr, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, and Cd. Results showed that Caco-2 TC7 cells incubated long-term with cadmium concentrations
ranging from 0 to 10 μmol Cd/l for 5 weeks exhibited a significant increase in cadmium accumulation. Furthermore, this accumulation was more marked
in cells exposed long-term to cadmium compared with controls, and that this exposure resulted in a significant accumulation
of copper and zinc but not of the other elements measured. Interactions of Cd with three elements: zinc, copper, and manganese
were particularly studied. Exposed to 30 μmol/l of the element, manganese showed the highest inhibition and copper the lowest on cadmium intracellular accumulation
but Zn, Cu, and Mn behave differently in terms of their mutual competition with Cd. Indeed, increasing cadmium in the culture
medium resulted in a gradual and significant increase in the accumulation of zinc. There was a significant decrease in manganese
from 5 μmol Cd/l exposure, and no variation was observed with copper. 相似文献
16.
Bibudhendra Sarkar 《Biological trace element research》1989,21(1):137-144
The binding of Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II) to protein components in serum, placenta, kidney, and urine was investigated
at physiological pH, using radioisotopes as tracers. All the four metals were bound to albumin and other macromolecules in
serum. However, small amounts were also bound to low molecular weight components of the size 1500–10000 daltons. The nature
of the Cu(II)-binding to α-fetoprotein suggests its important role as the Cu(II)-transporting protein in fetal life. Metal
binding to placental components were studied using both rat placenta and isolated human trophoblast cells. Studies of metal
binding targets in kidney resulted in the isolation of a 4000 daltons acidic polypeptide which binds Ni(II) and Cd(II) with
Kapp=1.1×10−5 and 2.3×10−5, respectively. Studies of metal binding substances in urine reveals the major amounts of these metals binding to substances
of molecular weight 500–5000 daltons. Preliminary amino acid analysis suggests these components rich in acidic amino acids,
similar to what has been found with kidney polypeptide. There may be a general role for such compounds in the handling of
metals in the process of excretion. 相似文献
17.
Accumulative phases for heavy metals in limnic sediments 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
Data from mechanical concentrates of recent sediments indicate that clay minerals, clay-rich aggregates and heavy minerals
are the major carriers of heavy metals in detrital sediment fractions. Hydrous Fe/Mn oxides and carbonates and sulfides, in
their specific environments, are the predominant accumulative phases for heavy metals in autochthonous fractions. Sequential
chemical extraction techniques permit the estimation of characteristic heavy metal bonding forms: exchangeable metal cations,
easily reducible, moderately reducible, organic and residual metal fractions, whereby both diagenetic processes and the potential
availability of toxic compounds can be studied. The data from lakes affected by acid precipitation indicate that zinc, cobalt
and nickel are mainly released from the easily reducible sediment fractions and cadmium from organic phases. In contrast at
pH 4.4, neither lead nor copper seem to be remobilized to any significant extent. Immobilization by carbonate precipitation
seems to provide an effective mechanism for the reduction of dissolved inputs 9f metals such as zinc and cadmium in pH-buffered,
hard water systems. 相似文献
18.
Zanaty R. Komy Rabei M. Gabar Ahmed A. Shoriet Rehab M. Mohammed 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2006,22(9):975-982
Summary The ability of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa to accumulate Cd(II) ions from wastewater industries was experimentally investigated and mathematically modelled. From the potentiometric titration and non-ideal competitive analysis (NICA) model, it was found that the biomass contains three acidic sites. The values of proton binding (pK
i
=1.66±3.26×10−3, 1.92±1.63×10−4 and 2.16±3.79×10−4) and binding constant of cadmium metal ions (pK
M1=1.99±2.45×10−3 and pK
M2=1.67±4.08×10−3) on the whole surface of biomass showed that protonated functional groups and biosorption of Cd(II) ions could be attributed to a monodentate binding to one acidic site, mainly the carboxylic group. From the isothermal sorption experimental data and Langmuir model, it was also found that the value of Langmuir equilibrium (pK
f) constant is 2.04±2.1×10−5 suggesting that the carboxyl group is the main active binding site. In addition, results showed that the maximum cadmium capacity (q
max) and affinity of biomass towards cadmium metal ions (b) at pH 5.1 and 20 min were 96.5±0.06 mg/g and 3.40×10−3± 2.10×10−3, respectively. Finally, interfering metal ions such as Pb(II), Cu(II), Cr(III), Zn(II), Fe(II), Mn(II), Ca(II) and Mg(II) inhibited Cd(II) uptake. Comparing the biosorption of Cd(II) by various Pseudomonas isolates from contaminated environment samples (soil and sewage treatment plant) showed that maximum capacities and equilibrium times were different, indicating that there was a discrepancy in the chemical composition between biomasses of different strains. 相似文献
19.
Interactions of cadmium (Cd) ions with bovine serum albumin (BSA), bovine hepatic metallothionein (MT), calf thymus histone
and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and bovine hepatic chromatins were studied in the presence and absence of divalent zinc (Zn),
copper (Cu), mercury (Hg), or lead (Pb) ions, using equilibrium dialysis at pH 7 and at 37°C. The BSA had 3.5 Cd-binding sites
with an apparent affinity constant of 1×105. The other metal ions inhibited the binding by reducing the affinity constant and the number of Cd-binding sites in BSA.
There were 6 high affinity and 13 low affinity Cd-binding sites in the MT. Zinc ions had poor efficacy in reducing the binding
of Cd to the MT. However, the Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions inhibited the Cd binding to a considerable extent, the former ions being more potent in this respect. Histone did not
bind Cd. There were two kinds of Cd-binding sites in DNA: One mole of Cd per four moles DNA-phosphorus at low affinity sites,
and one mole of Cd per 6.7 moles DNA-phosphorus at high affinity sites. Their apparent association constants were 8.3×105 and 4.4×106
M, respectively. The other metal ions had inhibitory effects on the binding of Cd to DNA. Histone reduced the Cd-DNA interactions
to only a minor extent. The other metal ions reduced the binding of Cd to DNA-histone complex to a small extent. Cadmium binds
to the euchromatin (Euch), heterochromatin (Het), and Euch-Het mixture almost equally. The other metal ions reduced the binding
maximally in Euch-Het followed next in order by Het and Euch. Cupric ions were the most potent inhibitors of the interactions
of Cd with the nuclear materials. 相似文献
20.
Distribution and health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil surrounding a lead and zinc smelting plant in Zanjan,Iran 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Akram Jamal Mohammad Amir Delavar Arman Naderi Naifseh Nourieh Bijan Medi 《人类与生态风险评估》2019,25(4):1018-1033
One of the problematic issues in soil pollution studies is heavy metal particles which are produced by mines and smelting units and spread through wind action and/or runoff. Pollution and health risk assessment of cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, and nickel in soil around the lead and zinc smelting factory was carried out in Zanjan City, Iran. Contamination factor (Cf), pollution load index (PLI), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk were pollution and human health risk assessment metrics in this study. Based on the Iranian soil guideline value, soil samples in the studied areas were contaminated the least by copper and nickel and the most by cadmium. PLI results showed that soils near the production line were heavily or extremely heavily polluted. The results of Cf and Igeo showed that lead and zinc were the most important contaminants. Health risk assessment indicated that lead and cadmium in soil were the main contaminants, which pose both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to human health; carcinogenic risk levels were unacceptably high (above 1 × 10?4). It can be concluded that mining and smelting activities degrade soil quality in this region and the soil pollution might be extended to farming areas. 相似文献