贵州省云南鳅属鱼类一新种记述：（鲤形目：鳅科）

本文报道产于贵州草海的云南鳅属(Yunnanilus)鱼类一新种,定名为草海云南鳅Y.caohaiensls sp.nov.。对新种的形态特征作了详细描述,并与相似种黑斑云南鳅Y.nigromaculatus(Regan)进行了比较研究。     

四川省高原鳅属鱼类一新种（鲤形目：鳅科）

本文记述产于凉山西溪河的高原鳅属Ｔｒｉｐｌｏｐｈｙｓａ鱼类一新种,西溪高原鳅ＴｒｉｐｌｏＰｈｙｓａｘｉｑｉｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,描述了其形态和生态特征,并与近似种进行了比较。     

爬岩鳅属鱼类一新种（鲤形目：平鳍鳅科）

本文记述了采自贵州三都县的平鳍鳅科鱼类１新种,由于其在侧线鳞数目,背鳍起点和肛门的相对位置等特征都处于近缘种四川爬岩鳅Ｂｅａｕｆｏｒｔｉａ ｓｚｅｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ和贵州爬岩鳅Ｂ;ｋｗｅｉｃｈｏｗｅｎｓｉｓ之间,故命名为中间爬岩鳅,新种Ｂｅａｕｆｏｒｔｉａ ｉｎｔｅｒｍｅｄｉａ Ｔａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｗａｎｇ,ｓｐ,ｎｏｖ。     

广西条鳅亚科鱼类二新种（鲤形目：鳅科）

本文记述采自广西西江水系河池地区的条鳅亚科鱼类二新种。后鳍岭鳅,新种Ｏｒｅｏｎｅｃｔｅｓ ｒｅｔｒｏｄｏｒｓａｌｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．与同属种的区别主要表现在其背鳍起点的位置较后、背鳍和臀鳍分枝鳍条数目较少、尾鳍后缘凹入、头较小和属柄较短等方面。南丹高原鳅,新种Ｔｒｉｐｌｏｐｈｙｓａ ｎａｎｄａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．则以头较大、吻较短、眼间距较狭、尾柄较短且高、背鳍分枝鳍条较多、尾鳍深叉形等易     

四川西部云南鳅属鱼类一新种记述：鲤形目：鳅科

本文报道产于四川西部安宁河（属雅砻江支流）的云南鳅属Ｙｕｎｎａｎｉｌｕｓ鱼类一新种,命名为四川云南鳅,新种Ｙ．ｓｉｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,详细葶了新种的形态特征,并与近似种进行了比较。     

条鳅亚科鱼类一新属新种

本文描述了云南省条鳅亚科鱼类一新属和一新种。根据形态特征并结合区系间的相互关系,探讨了属的分类地位。     

云南红河水系金线鲃属鱼类一新种——西畴金线鲃

该文记述了采集自云南省文山州西畴县兴街镇干海子(红河水系)一洞穴的鲤科鲃亚科金线鲃属鱼类一新种,命名为西畴金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus xichouensis Pan,Li,Yang et Chen sp.nov.)。该新种眼睛正常,背鳍末根不分枝,鳍条变粗变硬,后缘3/5具锯齿,与属内分布在邻近南盘江水系的已知种大眼金线鲃(S.macrophthalmus)、圭山金线鲃(S.guishanensis)、狭孔金线鲃(S.angustiporus)、侧条金线鲃(S.lateristritus)、丘北金线鲃(S.qiubeiensis)、滇池金线鲃(S.grahami)、曲靖金线鲃(S.qujingensis)、麻花金线鲃(S.maculatus)、紫色金线鲃(S.purpureus)及疑似红河水系易门金线鲃(S.yimenensis)相似。籍第一鳃弓外侧鳃耙9以下的特征,可与大眼金线鲃相区别;眼间距为体长的8.1%～9.9%,吻须后伸超过眼后缘,口角须后伸超过前鳃盖骨后缘,可与圭山金线鲃相区别;背鳍起点与腹鳍起点相对,体侧沿侧线无黑色横带,可与侧条金线鲃相区别;侧线鳞74～88,侧线上鳞20,侧线下鳞16,可与滇池金线鲃相区别;侧线弯曲,侧线鳞74～88,围尾柄鳞48,可与曲靖金线鲃相区别;背鳍前距为体长的47.1%～53.7%,背鳍基长为体长的12.8%～15.8%,臀鳍前距为体长的66.0%～71.0%,臀鳍长为体长的13.7%～17.1%,胸鳍前距为体长的26.0%～29.5%,尾柄长为体长的19.3%～24.7%,下颌长为体长的4.7%～7.0%,明显区别于易门金线鲃;全身被鳞,具侧线鳞,可与其分布邻近的麻花金线鲃和紫色金线鲃相区别;背鳍前鳞35～39,鳃耙6,眼间距为体长的8.1%～9.9%,可与狭孔金线鲃及丘北金线鲃相区别。     

Sinocyclocheilus donglanensis, a new cavefish (Teleostei: Cypriniformes) from Guangxi, China

Sinocyclocheilus donglanensis, a new cyprinid species from a subterranean river in Donglan County in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China, is described. It is distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characteristics: a completely scaled body with well-developed eyes; a curved lateral line possessing 57–64 scales; pectoral fin not reaching pelvic fin origin and last unbranched ray of the dorsal fin clearly serrated along its posterior edge; 8–9 predorsal vertebrae; 8–9 gill rakers; joints of dentary-angulars not close to each other at the isthmus; and a slightly inferior mouth with the upper jaw (6.2–7.4% in standard length: SL) protruding slightly beyond the lower one (5.7–6.7% SL). Sinocyclocheilus donglanensis is sympatric with the peculiarly shaped, hunchbacked S. altishoulderus.     

The genus Cryptophagus Herbst, 1792 (Coleoptera: Cryptophagidae) in Japan with description of a new species

The 17 species of the genus Cryptophagus Herbst known from Japan are analysed and revised. The opinions of different authors about the value of the characteristics of the external anatomy are contrasted, and an identification key and figures of the studied species are presented. Cryptophagus jaloszynskii sp. nov is described. Following a detailed study of the type material in different entomological collections, the status of taxa is revised and 3 new synonyms are proposed: Cryptophagus deceptor Grouvelle, 1919 and Cryptophagus longipennis Grouvelle, 1919 are syn. nov. for Cryptophagus dilutus Reitter, 1874 and Cryptophagus longiventris Grouvelle, 1919 syn. nov. for Cryptophagus latangulus Reitter, 1889. Cryptophagus elegans Grouvelle, 1919 resurrected from synonymy with Cryptophagus decoratus Reitter, 1874. A neotype is designated for Cryptophagus elegans Grouvelle, 1918; a lectotype and paralectotype is designated for 7 taxa: Cryptophagus decoratus Reitter, 1874; Cryptophagus deceptor Grouvelle, 1919; Cryptophagus grouvellei Bruce, 1938; Cryptophagus latangulus Reitter, 1889; Cryptophagus lewisi Reitter, 1874; Cryptophagus longior Grouvelle, 1919 and Cryptophagus longiventris Grouvelle, 1919. Cryptophagus zonatus Lyubarsky, 1995 previously known only from China is reported here for the first time from Japan. A key to all the species occurring in Japan is presented.www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7FF52749-590D-46F6-9794-1E2301906ECB     

小果青钱柳的分类地位

<正> 钟补求教授于1936年根据采自安徽黄山的模式标本而发表小果青钱柳Pterocarya mi-cropaliurus Tsoong新种时指出,该种与青钱柳的主要区别在于:(1)果实(包括果翅)较小,直径不超过2.5匣米,而在青钱柳则为3—7匣米;(2)果序较短,长约为青钱柳之半;(3)小叶数目较多,通常9—11枚,且较青钱柳为狭小;(4)小叶的锯齿较密较尖,最大的小叶通常每边有60个以上的锯齿,而在青钱柳则通常不到40个。但根据《中国植物志》第二十一卷(以下简称《植物志》),小果青钱柳应为青钱柳Cyclocarya paliurus(Batal.)Iljinsk.的异名。该《植物志》写道:“本种的小叶大小及数目、果翅的形状及大小变异极大,某些极端类型看来好象可以划分成各别的种,但都存在有中间类型,并且也无一定的地理分布限定,因此它必然是一个自然的种”。为此,我们对有关的腊叶材料进行了     

Description of a new anaerobic thermophilic bacterium,Thermoanaerobacterium butyriciformans sp. nov.

Strain USBA-019^T, an anaerobic and thermophilic strain, was identified as a new member of the genus Thermoanaerobacterium. USBA-019^T cells are gram-positive, strictly anaerobic, thermophilic, chemoorganotrophic, moderately acidophilic, non-motile, endospore-forming, slightly curved, and rod-shaped. Cells measure 0.4 × 3.0–7.0 μm. Optimal growth occurs at 50–55 °C (35–65 °C). Optimum pH is 5.0–5.5 (4.0–8.5). Thiosulfate, elemental sulfur and nitrate were utilized as electron acceptors. Fermentation of glucose, lactose, cellobiose, galactose, arabinose, xylose, starch and xylan primarily produced acetate and butyrate. Xylan, starch and cellobiose produced ethanol and starch, cellobiose, galactose, arabinose and mannose produced lactic acid. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison and genomic relatedness indices show the close relation of USBA-019^T to Thermoanaerobacterium thermostercoris and Thermoanaerobacterium aotearoense (similarity value: 99%). Hybridization of USBA-019^T, Th. thermostercoris DSM22141^T and Th. aotearoense DMS10170^T found DNA–DNA relatedness of 33.2% and 18.2%, respectively. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic evidence, along with low identity at whole genome level, USBA-019^T is a novel species of the genus Thermoanaerobacterium which we propose to name Thermoanaerobacterium butyriciformans sp. nov. The type strain is USBA-019^T (=CMPUJ U-019^T = DSM 101588^T).     

云南兔Lepus comus G.Allen的分类订正——包括两个新亚种的描记

云南兔Lepus comus G.Allen是云贵高原和滇西山地目前发现的唯一的一种野兔,初由G.M.Allen（1927）根据采自云南西部腾冲的标本命名。其后,国内外学者（包括G.M.Allen本人在内）对云南兔究竟是一独立种或为高原兔Lepus oiostulus（Hodgson）的一个地理亚种意见纷纭（罗泽珣,1981;高耀亭等,1964;Allen,1938;Ellerman et al.,1951;Angermann,1967;Corbet,1978。我们曾对国内有关单位所收藏的这两个类群的100余号标本进行较详细的对比研究。发现云南兔在形态上与高原兔确有明显区别,在分布上又有同域现象,因而主张仍应将云南兔保持其原定种的种级地位;同时,又查对了采于各地的云南兔所有标本,发现云南北部（丽江）至中部（景东、景谷）标本以及云南东部、南部和贵州西部标本都有异于滇西地模标本,且占有不同的地理分布区。经研究,应属两个新的亚种。其中,云南东部,南部和贵州西部的新亚种,为纪念先师彭鸿绶先生毕生献身于云、贵、川的科学考察事业和他的指导与培养,特以彭先生之姓氏命名,以资纪念。     

赤车属(荨麻科)四种植物的订正

根据对赤车属植物标本的研究,将小赤车归并入短叶赤车,小异被赤车归并入异被赤车,海南赤车归并入滇南赤车,长茎赤车归并入赤车。     

关于中国香鱼分类地位的线粒体DNA基因序列分析

测定了辽宁和广东香鱼的Cytb基因序列,与GenBank中日本和韩国香鱼分子数据合并比较。结果表明11尾香鱼402个碱基序列中变异位点8个,信息简约位点有2个,A+T与G+C含量分别为51.4%和48.6%,转换/颠换比为4.9。运用Kimura-2parameter模型,采用邻接法构建的分子系统树,发现中国香鱼与日本和韩国香鱼聚类在一起,不同地理种群的香鱼均未单独分群,表明中国和日、韩香鱼亲缘关系相当近。根据日、韩香鱼的地理分布,推测所分析的辽宁和广东种群可能亦为香鱼指名亚种,但该推论尚需与琉球香鱼亚种的序列进行比较后才能确定。研究虽未发现辽宁香鱼和广东香鱼间存在明显的种群结构差异,但由于中国海域辽阔,生境多样,中国沿海是否会有其它种下群体发生,则需要采用进化速度适中的线粒体和核基因标记,对中国香鱼不同的地理种群进行广泛的大样本分析来确定。