中国拟扁枝衣属的研究

拟扁枝衣属Pseudevernia隶属于子囊菌门Ascomycota,茶渍目Lecanorales,梅衣科Parmeliaceae.迄今已知6种,即粉芽拟扁枝衣P.soralifera,细拟扁枝衣P.cladonia、粗拟扁枝衣P.intensa、茶渍拟扁枝衣P.consocians、橄榄陶拟扁枝衣P.olivetorina及拟扁枝衣P.furfuracea。后三种地衣之界定是在形态特征相似但仍有区别的前提下,以其各自所含次生代谢产物之不同与地理分布区之差异为根据的。茶渍拟扁枝衣含有茶渍酸;裂芽发育良好而密度中等;裂片狭窄,为北美所特有。橄榄陶拟扁枝衣含橄榄陶酸;裂芽较稀少;裂片狭长;分布区以北欧为主,延伸至北非及西亚,如巴基斯坦。而拟扁枝衣则含袋衣酸;形态多变;分布区以南欧洲为主,遍布于整个欧洲,向南延伸至北非,向东延伸至亚洲,如蒙古等。本文首次报道了该属地衣在中国的分布。文中除了对拟扁枝衣进行形态、化学及分布类型的描述外,还配有该种的照片以及该属已知种的检索表。此外,这种地衣是欧洲高级香水配方成分中不可缺少的的生产原料之一。因此,该种在中国的发现对于香精工业原料的研究具有重要意义。另一重要香精原料地衣粉扁枝衣(Evernia prunastria)主要分布在欧洲,在亚洲迄今只知在日本有报道,在中国迄今尚未被发现。然而,扁枝衣(Evernia mesomorpha )在中国的分布却十分普遍。至于另一著名香料地衣粉芽肺衣(Lobaria pulmonaria)在中国的分布迄今仅见于东北地区。     

中国新记录属——裂片茶渍衣属及一个中国新记录种

对中国新记录属裂片茶渍衣属（Lobothallia （Clauzade＆Cl.Roux） Hafellner）、中国新记录种粉盘裂片茶渍（Lobothallia alphoplaca （Wahlenb.） Hafellner）进行了详细的描述。裂片茶渍衣属地衣体裂片状、龟裂状和鳞片状,被粉芽;子囊盘集中于中部,茶渍型。描述了粉盘裂片茶渍的形态、化学特征和生境,并提供了相关彩色图片。     

中国新记录属——裂片茶渍衣属及一个中国新记录种(英文)

对中国新记录属裂片茶渍衣属(Lobothallia (ClauzadeCl.Roux) Hafellner)、中国新记录种粉盘裂片茶渍(Lobothallia alphoplaca (Wahlenb.) Hafellner)进行了详细的描述。裂片茶渍衣属地衣体裂片状、龟裂状和鳞片状,被粉芽;子囊盘集中于中部,茶渍型。描述了粉盘裂片茶渍的形态、化学特征和生境,并提供了相关彩色图片。     

中国腹枝衣属地衣的多样性与区系研究

为探讨中国腹枝衣属地衣的物种多样性,进一步明确其分布特征与种类组成,该研究通过野外调查及采集地衣标本,结合形态、解剖、化学等方法,对128份采自中国热带及亚热带地区多个省份的腹枝衣属(Herpothallon)地衣标本进行了分类鉴定,共鉴定出腹枝衣属地衣12种,其中南方腹枝衣 [H. australasicum (Elix)Elix & G. Thor]、颗粒腹枝衣(H. granulosum Jagadeesh Ram & G. P. Sinha)、喜马拉雅腹枝衣(H. himalayanum Jagadeesh & G. P. Sinha)、裂芽腹枝衣(H. isidiatum Jagadeesh Ram & G. P. Sinha)和小腹枝衣(H. minutum Jagadeesh)为中国新记录种。并且对该属所有已知(已报道和本次鉴定)种类进行综合分析。结果表明:(1)中国已知腹枝衣属地衣14种,占世界已报道种类的29.17%。(2)地理成分有5种类型,即泛热带分布、热带亚洲至热带澳大利亚分布、热带亚洲和热带美洲间断分布、热带亚洲分布和中国特有分布。(3)中国腹枝衣属地衣主要分布在海拔300～2 500 m的范围内。(4)生长基物多为树皮,叶生、石生和藓生的物种较少。该研究结果表明,中国南方腹枝衣属地衣的物种多样性较高,这对明确中国该属地衣物种组成以及地衣多样性保护具有重要意义。     

将一株原红霉素链霉菌转入拟无枝菌酸菌属的分类学研究

对保藏的红霉素链霉菌AS4.894、AS4.198的化学分类研究表明,它们的胞壁类型为IV/A型,不属于胞壁为Ⅱ型的链霉菌属。菌株AS4.198与已由Labeda(1987)转入糖多孢菌属(Saccharopolyspora),定名为Saccharopolyspora erythreus的菌株相似;菌株AS4.894虽然胞壁型与糖多孢菌相似,但磷酸类脂为PⅡ型,应转入拟无枝菌酸菌属(Amycolatopsis Lechevalier,1986)。通过与红霉素糖多孢菌(Saccharopolyspora erythreus)和白色拟无枝菌酸菌(Amycolatopsis alba,A83850~T)进行比较,菌株AS4.894的生长Ph范围广泛,耐盐和耐50℃高温,DNA G+C mol％高,区别于拟无枝菌酸菌属中的任何已知种,而建议命名为新种——红霉素拟无枝菌酸菌(Amycolatopsis erythreus comb.nov.)。     

中国蜈蚣衣科(子囊菌门)IV. 黑蜈蚣衣属一新种

本文描述黑蜈蚣衣属一新种即湖南黑蜈蚣衣(Phaeophyscia hunana)。新种以其短而窄的裂片,上表面疣状和具小裂片,以及红色髓层并含有skyrin和一未知地衣物质而区别于本属地衣其它种。     

裂片茶渍衣属一新记录种——辐射裂片茶渍

对中国地衣新记录种辐射裂片茶渍Lobothallia radiosa(Hoffm.)Hafellner (Megasporaceae)的形态特征、解剖结构、化学特征和生境进行了描述和研究,并提供5幅彩色图片和中国裂片茶渍衣属的分种检索表.     

矮石蕊在东亚的地位

中国和日本有关具粉末状粉芽的矮石蕊(Cladonia humilis)的报导大多数实际上是指本文中描述的新种,黑氏石蕊(Cladonia kurokawae Ahti & S. Stcnroos).其特征是杯体深裂,含有黑茶渍素和富马原岛衣酸.真正的矮石蕊在中国和日本是很少见的;日本的种类中,含有黑茶渍素和波衣酸的两个化学型都存在.     

中国褐鳞叶衣属和鳞藓衣属地衣5个新记录种

报道了褐鳞叶衣属Fuscopannaria和鳞藓衣属Psoroma的5个中国地衣型真菌新记录种:蓝缘褐鳞叶衣F. coerulescens、裂叶褐鳞叶衣F. dissecta、泰国褐鳞叶衣F. siamensis、雅褐鳞叶衣F. venusta和鳞藓衣P. hypnorum。此二属的区别在于褐鳞叶衣属地衣体无下皮层,子实层半淀粉质,光合共生物为蓝细菌;而鳞藓衣属地衣体具下皮层,子实层淀粉质,光合共生物为绿藻。蓝缘褐鳞叶衣是典型的鳞叶状地衣,其疣状次生小裂片上覆有白色萜类结晶;裂叶褐鳞叶衣的鳞片深裂,边缘上仰,具白边;泰国褐鳞叶衣具周缘裂片,次生小裂片扁平小叶状或指状;雅褐鳞叶衣的鳞片向末端繁复分支,边缘具裂芽。鳞藓衣的主要特征为地衣体具衣瘿,孢子外壁具有疣状突起。文中提供了中国新记录种的图片,并给出了此二属地衣型真菌的中国物种检索表。     

裂片茶渍衣属一新记录种——辐射裂片茶渍

对中国地衣新记录种辐射裂片茶渍Lobothallia radiosa (Hoffm.) Hafellner (Megasporaceae)的形态特征、解剖结构、化学特征和生境进行了描述和研究,并提供5幅彩色图片和中国裂片茶渍衣属的分种检索表。     

Studies in SE Asiatic Rondeletieae II: Aleisanthiopsis (Rubiaceae), a new genus from Borneo

The gem Aleisanthiopsis is described to accommodate the species Greenea distantiflora and a new species Aleisanthiopsis multiflora described here. The character states of Aleisanthiopsis are presented. Illustrations are provided for both species. An approximate chromosome count is given for A. distantiflora . It is suggested, that Aleisanthiopsis may be the sister genus to Aleisanthia , a genus currently placed in the Rondeletieae subfamily Cinconoideae. It is shown that the genus Greeniopsis is very similar to Aleisanthia and Aleisanthiopsis except for the seed characters.     

中国模尖蛾属研究及二新种记述(鳞翅目:尖蛾科)(英文)

研究了中国模尖蛾属MeleonomaMeyrick ,其中记述 2新种 :面模尖蛾M .facialisLietWang ,sp .nov .和软颚模尖蛾M .malacognathaLietWang ,sp .nov .。绘制了雌雄外生殖器特征图 ,给出了中国模尖蛾属分种检索表。模式标本保存在南开大学生物系标本室。     

Phylogenetic relationships of North American Antirrhinum (Veronicaceae)

Species of the genus Antirrhinum (Veronicaceae) provide excellent opportunities for research on plant evolution given their extensive morphological and ecological diversity. These opportunities are enhanced by genetic and developmental data from the model organism Antirrhinum majus. The genus Antirrhinum includes 15 New World species in section Saerorhinum and 21 Old World species in sections Antirrhinum and Orontium. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA were conducted for 19 Antirrhinum species, including all species from the New World, and 13 related genera in the tribe Antirrhineae. These analyses confirm the monophyly of Antirrhinum given the inclusion of the small genus Mohavea and exclusion of A. cyathiferum. The New World species, all of which are tetraploid, form a clade that is weakly supported as sister to the Old World sect. Orontium. The Old World species in sect. Antirrhinum form a well-supported clade that is sister to the remainder of the genus. In addition, both molecular and morphological data are used in the most comprehensive effort to date focused on recovering the phylogenetic relationships among the extremely diverse species in section Saerorhinum.     

A review of the Banchus-group of ichneumon-flies, with a revision of the Australian genus Philogalleria (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

ABSTRACT. The composition and relationships of the Banchus genus-group are discussed. A key to the genera is provided and for each genus a diagnosis and notes are given. A new genus and species are described. The genus Philogalleria Cameron is revised: six species (five of them new) are recognized, described and keyed. Rhynchobanchus is newly recorded from Britain and a key is given to its European species.     

Further Studies on the Genus Hypoblepharina Böhmig (Turbellaria, Dalyellioida), with Description of H. serrifera sp. n.

H. serrifera is described and supplementary information given on H. boehmigi . The material of both species was collected from the brood pouch of amphipods, H. serrifera from Orchomene no-dimanus (Walker). The studies complete our general picture of the anatomy of the genus Hypoblepharina and support the theory that all the species of this genus are commensals in amphipods.     

中国奕刺蛾属与焰刺蛾属分类研究

属名Iragoides Hering长期被视为Phlossa Walker的同物异名,两者全世界已知12种。通过解剖我国已有的种类,发现它们的外生殖器结构并不相同,两个属的模式种各代表一个类型,因此,本文复用Iragoides Hering为有效名。奕刺蛾属Phlossa的雄性外生殖器具有刺蛾科的典型结构; 雌性外生殖器的囊导管端部多少有些呈螺旋状,囊突1枚呈新月形。奕焰刺蛾属Iragoides的雄性外生殖器在阳茎端基环两侧有膜质小突起或尾端有微刺突; 雌性外生殖器有相连的2枚囊突,囊突上有许多微齿突。共整理出中国奕刺蛾属Phlossa 4种、焰刺蛾属Iragoides 5种,后者包括1新种--线焰刺蛾I. lineofusca Wu et Fang, 及1新记录种--别焰刺蛾I. elongate Hering。编制了两个属已知种的检索表,提供了成虫彩色照片和外生殖器特征图。模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所。     

Key to the European species of Ovatomyzus Hille Ris Lambers (Aphididae: Hemiptera)

Abstract. A key is given to distinguish the European species of both apterous and alate viviparous females of the genus Ovatomyzus. The synonymy, host plant range and geographical distribution of each species are summarized. Phorodon calaminthae Macchiati is regarded as a synonym of P.chamaedrys Passerini. As far as is known, all the species are permanently parthenogenetic.     

A revision of the genus Nomocharis Franchet

SEALY, J. R, 1983. A revision of the genus Nomocharis Franchet. A taxonomic revision of the genus Nomocharis Franchet is presented, recognizing seven species. Notes are given on the species and hybrids in cultivation. A key for identification of the species and an index to specific epithets, including synonyms, are given, together with species excluded from the genus. Herbarium specimens are cited.