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1.
大豆胞囊线虫(soybean cyst nematode,SCN)是大豆生产上一种危害严重的世界性害虫,能给大豆生产造成极大损失。大豆抗性品种选育是防治其措施中最经济、有效的方法。大豆SCN抗性的分子遗传学研究是开展大豆SCN抗性分子育种的理论基础,本文针对SCN抗性基因定位和克隆两个方面的研究现状进行了综述,并对当前研究中存在的问题及发展前景进行了讨论与展望。  相似文献   

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甜菜胞囊线虫(Heterodera schachtii)是甜菜的重要病害之一,给甜菜生产造成了极大的损失。随着分子生物学和遗传工程技术的发展,采用遗传工程改良策略进行甜菜抗性品种选育是甜菜胞囊线虫防治中最经济、有效的方法。介绍了甜菜胞囊线虫的生育史及抗性机制,综述了甜菜胞囊线虫抗性基因的克隆和鉴定研究进展及甜菜胞囊线虫抗性育种的遗传工程改良策略,并提出今后甜菜胞囊线虫抗性育种的展望。  相似文献   

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植物抗线虫基因的分子定位与克隆   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
植物线虫严重危害农业生产并造成产量损失。抗线虫基因的分子标记定位与克隆是抗线虫基因工程的基础。现就几种植物中的抗线虫基因的分子定位及克隆进行了综述 ,同时针对已克隆的抗线虫基因所编码的蛋白质的结构特征和克隆新方法进行评述 ,并对通过遗传途径发展抗线虫品种进行了展望  相似文献   

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以前研究发现,辽宁地区大豆生长期间及收获期土壤中胞囊孵出的二龄幼虫量很少,推测线虫卵的休眠与大豆生长时期或季节相关。为明确该地区大豆胞囊线虫的休眠特点,2002-2003年采用田间随机多点取样、室内分离及模拟自然条件孵化等方法对大豆胞囊线虫的休眠进行深入研究。结果表明:在生长季节,感病品种辽豆10根围土壤中的白色雌虫、卵囊及褐色的胞囊均可孵出二龄幼虫,且孵化持续时间较长,第21d仍有幼虫孵出,白色雌虫及卵囊内的卵孵化率高于褐色胞囊;不同作物对其根围土壤中胞囊内卵的孵化影响不大,寄主作物大豆、非寄主作物玉米根围及休闲地土壤中的胞囊在条件适宜均可孵出二龄幼虫;季节对胞囊内卵的孵化有较大的影响,出苗期孵化率最高,收获期最低,2周时平均1个胞囊孵出幼虫分别为83.8和9.7条;胞囊皮对线虫卵的孵化有显著的影响。表明沈阳地区大豆胞囊线虫在正常和逆境条件下均有部分卵表现休眠。  相似文献   

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【目的】了解黑龙江省大豆田大豆胞囊线虫胞囊可培养细菌的多样性。【方法】运用稀释平板法和16SrDNA基因序列的系统发育分析对胞囊可培养细菌多样性进行研究。【结果】用NA培养基从胞囊上分离90株具有不同菌落形态的细菌。16S rDNA序列分析结果表明:90株菌株分属于7个属22个种。46株属于变形菌门γ亚群(Gammaproteobacteria),32株属于厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),10株属于变形菌门β亚群(Betaproteobacteria),2株属于变形菌门ɑ亚群(Alphaproteobacteria)。假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)为优势菌属。【结果】黑龙江省大豆胞囊线虫胞囊中存在丰富的细菌物种多样性,这些细菌对大豆胞囊线虫可能具有一定的生理生态作用。  相似文献   

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大豆5个花叶病毒株系抗性基因的定位   总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27  
以科丰 1号×南农 1138 2为亲本构建的RIL群体NJRIKY为材料 ,对群体进行了 5个SMV株系 (Sa、Sc 8、Sc 9、N1 、N3)的抗病性鉴定。结果表明 :大豆对 5个SMV株系的抗性均受一对显性基因控制。用Mapmaker 3 0进行连锁分析 ,发现Rsa与Rn1、Rn3和Rsc9均连锁 ,距离分别为 2 1 4cM、2 3 5cM和 35 3cM ;Rsc8只和Rn1连锁 ,距离为 35 8cM ;Rn1和Rn3之间的遗传距离最近 ,为 10 2cM。多点分析结果表明 :5个抗病基因的排列顺序和遗传距离为Rsc8 35 8cM Rn1 10 3cM Rn3 2 1 5cM Rsa 35 8cM Rsc9。根据RFLP、SSR标记分析结果构建了一套大豆遗传图谱 ,该图谱包含 2 2个连锁群、2 5 6个标记 ,总遗传距离为 30 5 0 9cM。将 5个抗病基因定位于N8 D1b W连锁群 ,有 3个RFLP标记和Rn1、Rn3都连锁 ,分别为A6 91T、K4 77I、LC5T。它们与Rn1、Rn3的距离分别为 15 0 4cM、17 82cM、15 37cM和 16 14cM、17 82cM、16 5 8cM。  相似文献   

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大豆花叶病毒(SMV,soybean mosaic virus)病是广泛分布于我国各大豆产区的大豆主要病害之一.SMV株系SC13是我国北方大豆产区广泛分布的株系之一.为拓宽大豆对SMV的抗病种质,研究了中国大豆核心种质材料野生大豆ZYD03715对大豆花叶病毒株系SC13的抗性遗传方式,确定与栽培大豆抗源对同一株系的...  相似文献   

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水稻抗性基因定位及相关分子标记研究进展   总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18  
水稻是一种重要的粮食作物。而选育高抗性良种是有效防治病虫的危害,增加水稻单位面积产量的一项关键措施。了解水稻本身抗性的遗传信息是进行抗性育种的基础。现代生物技术的发展为抗性育种提供了新途径。本文较系统地概述了水稻对稻瘟病、白叶枯病、稻飞虱、稻叶暗抗性基因定位及相关分子标记研究的最新发展,为利用分子标记进行了水稻抗性育种及抗性基因克隆提供参考文献。  相似文献   

10.
本研究以57份中美大豆抗胞囊线虫病种质资源为实验材料,利用基于检测微珠的单碱基延伸方法,对与大豆胞囊线虫病(SCN)抗性基因rhg1和Rhg4紧密连锁的SNPs进行分析,目的是阐明我国大豆抗性种质在这两个位点的SNPs等位变异分布频率,为中国大豆种质抗SCN资源的利用奠定基础。分析结果表明,SNPs的抗性等位基因与中国大豆种质综合抗性的关系比不同生理小种的抗性关系更为密切。在rhg1和Rhg4位点,美国的9份抗性种质中,有7份抗性种质的SNPs均为纯合抗病基因型,而中国48份抗性种质中有32份。分别占鏊定总数的77.8%和66.7%,推测大豆抗SCN种质中,以rhg1和Rhg4这两个基因协同作用表现出的抗性可能占多数.但还存在其他的抗性机制。  相似文献   

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It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.  相似文献   

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Han  Zhenzhi  Xiao  Jinbo  Song  Yang  Zhu  Shuangli  Wang  Dongyan  Lu  Huanhuan  Ji  Tianjiao  Yan  Dongmei  Xu  Wenbo  Zhang  Yong 《中国病毒学》2021,36(6):1652-1655
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正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases  相似文献   

15.
Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.  相似文献   

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Highlights1. Viral metagenomics analysis was conducted on samples from an HSCT recipient experiencing severe lingual papillomatosis.2. Coexistence of AAV2 with AdV18 in fecal and HSV-1 in tissue samples was detected.3. A second complete genome of AdV18 was obtained in this study and is available in public databases.  相似文献   

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Zhao  Li  Gao  Ruqin  Lu  Roujian  Wang  Huijuan  Deng  Yao  Niu  Peihua  Jiang  Fachun  Huang  Baoying  Liang  Jiwei  Jia  Jing  Zhang  Feng  Wang  Wenling  Wu  Guizhen  Tan  Wenjie 《中国病毒学》2021,36(5):1088-1092
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Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.  相似文献   

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