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1.
An enrichment protocol was used to isolate and characterise microsatellite loci in Rosmarinus officinalis, a Mediterranean chamephyte. Twelve microsatellite loci were characterised and amplified a total of 117 alleles in a sample
of 30 individuals from one population, with an average of 9.75 alleles per locus. Observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.333
to 0.900. Cross-species transferability was also assayed in the two other species of the genus. The cumulated probabilities
of exclusion for paternity and parentage of the 12 loci were of 0.999971 and 1, respectively, supporting the usefulness of
these microsatellite loci for parentage analyses. Nine out of 12 microsatellite loci amplified in the two species and were
polymorphic detecting a total of 49 and 45 in R. eriocalyx and R. tomentosus, respectively. Twenty-two alleles were exclusive of R. eriocalyx and 12 of R. tomentosus, additionally, three alleles were shared between these two species but were otherwise absent in the analysed individuals
of R. officinalis. In total, this set of markers amplified 154 different microsatellite alleles, supporting their usefulness to conduct population
genetic, reproductive biology and hybridisation studies in Rosmarinus. 相似文献
2.
Hai-Long Wu Xiao-Wei Ni Lin-Yuan Zhang Jin-Shi Xia Zhen-Yu Zhong Guo-Ping Zhu Qiu-Hong Wan 《Conservation Genetics》2008,9(6):1679-1682
Père David’s deer is a severely bottlenecked species but without showing inbreeding depression, making it essential to develop
molecular markers to explore her genetic mechanism of population recovery. In this study, we isolated 18 novel polymorphic
microsatellite loci from a dinucleotide-enriched library. This suit of markers presented 2–3 alleles for each locus and their
observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.057–0.610 and 0.056–0.598, respectively. These new microsatellite loci had an
average of 2.12 alleles and thus contributed to relatively low exclusion probabilities of parentage and paternity testing
(0.768 and 0.921). However, when these loci were examined in combination with previous microsatellite markers, overall probabilities
of parentage and paternity exclusion went up to 0.905 and 0.990, respectively, showing that these 26 microsatellite loci should
be adopted together in future genetic analyses for this highly inbred species. 相似文献
3.
Nine polymorphic microsatellite loci were developed and characterized for Handeliodendron bodinieri, an endangered tree endemic to karst forest in southwest China. Each locus displayed between 4 and 11 alleles. The observed
heterozygosity ranged from 0.345 to 0.931 and expected heterozygosity varied from 0.414 to 0.824. The combined probabilities
of paternity exclusion over all loci were 0.931 for P
r(Ex1) and 0.993 for P
r(Ex2), respectively. These loci represent a powerful tool in investigating gene flow and population structure in natural populations
of H. bodinieri. 相似文献
4.
Paternity determination in captive lowland gorillas and orangutans and wild mountain gorillas by microsatellite analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Dawn Field Leona Chemnick Martha Robbins Karen Garner Oliver Ryder 《Primates; journal of primatology》1998,39(2):199-209
Paternity exclusion studies provide useful information for testing certain theories of behavioral ecology and for the management
and conservation of both wild and captive populations of endangered species. This study used eight human nuclear microsatellite
loci, in the absence of species-specific PCR primers, to genetically identify the sires of 12 captive lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) and 2 captive orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus andPongo p. abelii). Parentage assignments were confirmed by excluding all except a single potential sire for each offspring with the least
two loci. Sire-offspring relationships were verified in 12 of the 14 cases, and reassigned in the case of two gorilla offspring.
The orangutan paternity typing was supplemented by DNA fingerprinting. Additionally, five of the eight microsatellite loci,
in conjunction with behavioral data, were used for a non-exhaustive set of paternity exclusions for five wild mountain gorillas
(Gorilla g. beringei). The eight loci described in this study should be useful additions to the tools available for the study of genetics in the
great apes. 相似文献
5.
Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) is a critically endangered species endemic to China. In this study, the extent of genetic variation in the captive alligators
of the Changxing Reserve Center was investigated using microsatellite markers derived from American alligators. Out of 22
loci employed, 21 were successfully amplified in the Chinese alligator. Sequence analysis showed loci in American alligators
had a bigger average size than that of the Chinese alligators and the longest allele of an individual locus almost always
existed in the species with longer stretch of repeat units. Eight of the 22 loci were found to be polymorphic with a total
of 26 alleles present among 32 animals scored, yielding an average of 3.25 alleles per polymorphic locus. The expected heterozygosity
(H
E) ranged at a moderate level from 0.4385 to 0.7163 in this population. Compared to that in the American alligators, a lower
level of microsatellite diversity existed in the Changxing population as revealed by about 46% fewer alleles per locus and
smaller H
E at the homologous loci. The average exclusion power and the ability to detect shared genotypes and multiple paternity were
evaluated for those markers. Results suggested that when the polymorphic loci were combined, they could be sensitive markers
in genetic diversity study and relatedness inference within the Chinese alligator populations. The level of genetic diversity
present in the current Changxing population indicated an important resource to complement reintroductions based on the individuals
from the other population. In addition, the microsatellite markers and their associated diversity characterized in this population
could be utilized to further investigate the genetic status of this species. 相似文献
6.
Ya‐Jie Ji Helen Smith De‐Xing Zhang Godfrey M. Hewitt 《Molecular ecology resources》2004,4(2):274-276
Ten polymorphic di‐ and trinucleotide microsatellite loci were developed in the fen raft spider Dolomedes plantarius from a partial phagemid genomic library enriched for microsatellite inserts. The expected heterozygosity at these loci ranges from 0.62 to 0.9, with the observed allele numbers varying from four to 15 in the 22 individuals tested. Average paternity exclusion probabilities ranged between 0.290 and 0.686. In combination, the 10 polymorphic loci elicit an exclusion probability of 0.999. The high level of polymorphism of these microsatellite loci makes them ideal genetic markers for paternity and population genetics analysis in this endangered species. 相似文献
7.
M. B. Hamilton 《Molecular ecology resources》2002,2(3):363-365
Studies of tropical plant population structure and gene flow are needed to estimate genetic repercussions of tropical deforestation. Twelve microsatellite loci were isolated for Corythophora alta (Lecythidaceae), a canopy tree at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, near Manaus, Brazil. These microsatellites will be used to estimate population structure and infer seed paternity. Loci were isolated with a subtractive hybridization method. Loci averaged 10.7 alleles per locus with high levels of heterozygosity. Four loci had significant deficits and one locus had a significant excess of heterozygotes compared to Hardy–Weinberg expectations. Many loci had high average probabilities of paternity exclusion. 相似文献
8.
Ning Wang Jiang Chang Lang-Yu Gu Zheng-Wang Zhang 《European Journal of Wildlife Research》2009,55(6):627-629
Cross-species microsatellite amplification is an effective way of obtaining microsatellite loci for closely related taxa in
bird species. The Reeves's pheasant, Syrmaticus reevesii, is a vulnerable species endemic to China. To improve population genetics and parentage analysis studies in this species,
we obtained nine polymorphic microsatellite markers, in addition to the nine markers previously isolated, from the cross-species
amplification of 52 markers. The number of alleles per locus varied between two and 12 with expected heterozygosity ranging
from 0.298 to 0.714 (n = 107). The success rates of simulated paternity tests using CERVUS software improved at different confidence levels after
adding these markers to the previous ones. 相似文献
9.
The Yangtze sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus) is an endemic species in China. Using 454 sequencing, eight polymorphic tri‐, tetra‐, penta‐, and hexanucleotide microsatellite loci were isolated in this study. The raw sequence data from a one‐eighth run of 454 sequencings were 38.0 Mbp containing 94 222 reads/sequences. Of 80 microsatellite loci, only eight loci were polymorphic in a population of 30 individuals. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 to 14 (mean 7.62), and the observed heterozygosities varied between 0.46 and 0.88 (mean 0.74). Cross amplification was tested in congeneric species Acipenser sturio and Acipenser sinensis. These new microsatellite markers will be useful for further studies on genetic variation, parentage analysis, and conservation management for this critically endangered species. 相似文献
10.
Eight novel polymorphic microsatellite loci developed from a microsatellite enriched genomic library, are presented for the
Chinese pond turtle (Chinemys reevesii). We screened 30 individuals from three populations and detected high levels of polymorphism for all eight loci with the
number of alleles/locus ranging from 7 to 17 (average = 10.88). The values of expected and observed heterozygosities ranged
from 0.703 to 0.920 and 0.321 to 0.966, respectively. These highly variable loci will provide a powerful molecular toolkit
for studies of population structure, gene flow, and paternity assignment. 相似文献
11.
Hung-Du Lin Teh-Wang Lee Fang-Jiao Lin Chung-Jian Lin Tzen-Yuh Chiang 《Conservation Genetics》2008,9(4):945-947
Pararasbora moltrechti (Cyprinidae) is an endangered freshwater fish with a scattered distribution in the central Taiwan. In order to undertake
a conservation program for this species in Taiwan, it is essential to evaluate its genetic diversity and population structure.
For this purpose, we described the development of eight microsatellite loci in P. moltrechti for genetic studies. These new molecular markers were tested in 36 individuals of the rare species. The number of alleles
per locus ranged from 8 to 14. As the expected heterozygosity varied from 0.770 to 0.932, all microsatellite loci, however,
were significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg expectations due to the heterozygote deficiency.
Hung-Du Lin and Teh-Wang Lee contributed equally. 相似文献
12.
13.
Babb PL McIntosh AM Fernandez-Duque E Di Fiore A Schurr TG 《Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology》2011,82(2):107-117
In this study, we characterize a panel of 20 microsatellite markers that reproducibly amplify in Azara's owl monkeys (Aotus azarai) for use in genetic profiling analyses. A total of 128 individuals from our study site in Formosa, Argentina, were genotyped for 20 markers, 13 of which were found to be polymorphic. The levels of allelic variation at these loci provided paternity exclusion probabilities of 0.852 when neither parent was known, and 0.981 when one parent was known. In addition, our analysis revealed that, although genotypes can be rapidly scored using fluorescence-based fragment analysis, the presence of complex or multiple short tandem repeat (STR) motifs at a microsatellite locus could generate similar fragment patterns from alleles that have different nucleotide sequences and perhaps different evolutionary origins. Even so, this collection of microsatellite loci is suitable for parentage analyses and will allow us to test various hypotheses about the relationship between social behavior and kinship in wild owl monkey populations. Furthermore, given the limited number of platyrrhine-specific microsatellite loci available in the literature, this STR panel represents a valuable tool for population studies of other cebines and callitrichines. 相似文献
14.
Least flycatchers (Empidonax minimus) are socially monogamous birds that form tight territorial aggregations on the breeding grounds. We designed five polymorphic microsatellite loci for assigning parentage to offspring within least flycatcher clusters. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 7 to 18. Mean polymorphic information content was 83.8%; the probability of exclusion with known maternal genotype was 0.999. These microsatellites are powerful DNA markers for identifying extra‐pair paternity in this species. Preliminary data also suggest that these loci may be useful for other members of this genus. 相似文献
15.
Rick A. Brenneman Robert C. Barber Ryan M. Huebinger Julie A. Sommer Edward E. LouisJr. 《Conservation Genetics》2007,8(4):1017-1020
The Komodo monitor (Varanus komodoensis) is a classic example of a species that has been fragmented into small isolated populations over a limited range. This species,
classified as endangered under Appendix I of the Convention on the International Trade of Endangered Species. We describe
10 novel species-specific microsatellite loci characterized in representatives from three of the endemic island populations.
One locus, 12HDZ820 appears to be fixed in one population at an allele size not found in the other two. This microsatellite
suite should be helpful in augmenting the marker selection currently available for Komodo Monitor population studies. 相似文献
16.
Ashley MV Wilk JA Styan SM Craft KJ Jones KL Feldheim KA Lewers KS Ashman TL 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2003,107(7):1201-1207
The objectives of the present study were to develop microsatellite markers for the wild strawberry, Fragaria virginiana, to evaluate segregation patterns of microsatellite alleles in this octoploid species, and assess genetic variability at microsatellite loci in a wild population. A genomic library was screened for microsatellite repeats and several PCR primers were designed and tested. We also tested the use of heterologous primers and found that F. virginiana primers amplified products in cultivated strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa Duch. and Fragaria chiloensis. Similarly, microsatellite loci developed from cultivated strawberry also successfully amplified F. virginiana loci. We investigated four microsatellite loci in detail, three developed from F. virginiana and one from cultivated strawberry. A survey of 100 individuals from a population of F. virginiana in Pennsylvania demonstrated high heterozygosities (He or gene diversity ranged from 0.80 to 0.88 per locus) and allelic diversity (12–17 alleles per locus), but individual plants had no more than two alleles per locus. Segregation patterns in parents and progeny of two controlled crosses at these four loci were consistent with disomic Mendelian inheritance. Together these findings suggest that the genome of F. virginiana is "highly diploidized" and at least a subset of microsatellite loci can be treated as codominant, diploid markers. Significant heterozygote deficiencies were found at three of the four loci for hermaphroditic individuals but for only one locus among females in this gynodioecious species.Communicated by J. Dvorak 相似文献
17.
DEBORAH A. DAWSON JOHN CHITTOCK ROBERT JEHLE APRIL WHITLOCK DENISE NOGUEIRA JAYNE PELLATT TIM BIRKHEAD TERRY BURKE 《Molecular ecology resources》2005,5(2):298-301
Polymorphic microsatellite loci were identified in order to determine paternity in a captive population of the zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata. Primer sets from 93 published passerine microsatellite sequences were tested for cross‐species amplification. Thirteen loci were found to be polymorphic, of which, eight displayed null alleles and one locus (Ase50) was found to be Z‐chromosome linked. 相似文献
18.
Faiza Chbel Damien Broderick Youssef Idaghdour Amal Korrida Paul Mccormick 《Molecular ecology resources》2002,2(4):484-487
Here we present a new set of 22 microsatellite loci isolated from Chlamydotis undulata undulata, an endangered Houbara bustard found across North Africa. The number of alleles per locus ranged from one to nine, and heterozygosities ranged from 0.167 to 0.944. Total exclusionary probabilities using these loci for the first and the second parent were 0.992932 and 0.999915, respectively. Successful cross‐amplification was observed in eight other Otididae species (12–22 of the 22 loci). These microsatellite markers are powerful tools for genetic identification, paternity assignment and population genetic studies. 相似文献
19.
我国西南部喀斯特森林特有濒危树种掌叶木新的微卫星分子标记的开发 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用基因组DNA富集文库法FIASCO(Fast isolation by AFLP of sequences containing repeats)从掌叶木(Handeliodendron bodinieri)基因组中分离和筛选了10个新的微卫星位点,进而对掌叶木茂兰自然分布居群的遗传多样性进行了分析。结果表明, 每个位点在30株掌叶木个体上的平均等位基因数(A)为3.5(3~5个),平均观察杂合度(HO)为0.650(0.267~0.900),平均预期杂合度(HE)为0.494(0.224~0.652)。每个位点的第一排除概率值Pr(Ex1)为0.029~0.240,位点综合值为0.7496。单个位点的第二排除概率Pr(Ex2)为0.123~0.419,位点综合值为0.9517。这些信息预示着这些微卫星标记可以为研究喀斯特特有濒危树种掌叶木的基因流及居群遗传结构提供有效的遗传工具。 相似文献
20.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers for the endangered <Emphasis Type="Italic">Taxus yunnanensis</Emphasis> 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ying-Chun Miao Jian-Rong Su Zhi-Jun Zhang Hui Li Jing Luo Ya-Ping Zhang 《Conservation Genetics》2008,9(6):1683-1685
Eleven polymorphic microsatellite loci were characterized for the endangered conifer Taxus yunnanensis. Eight loci were isolated through SSR-anchored PCR, one locus was developed by cross-species amplification tests, while the
last two loci were obtained from cross-species microsatellite sequences available in GenBank. Variability of these markers
was tested in 48 individuals collected from its main distribution range in Southwest China. The number of alleles per locus
ranged from 2 to 9, and the observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0.000 to 0.625 and from 0.062 to 0.853, respectively.
Ten of these eleven loci were significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg expectation, except TS07 which showed a distinct
heterozygote excess. The availability of these new polymorphic microsatellite markers will provide an ideal marker system
for detailed population genetics studies in T. yunnanensis and potentially also for closely related species. 相似文献