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1.
子宫内膜癌是妇科常见恶性肿瘤之一,手术是其主要的治疗方式。尽管开腹手术是治疗子宫内膜癌的传统方式,但随着医学科技的不断发展以及人们对术后生活质量要求的提高,妇科肿瘤的外科治疗方式也随之发生了革命性的变化。从传统开腹手术、腹腔镜手术、单孔腔镜技术,到2005年美国FDA批准应用于妇科手术的达芬奇机器人手术系统,子宫内膜癌的手术治疗方式也有了更多的选择。与传统开腹手术相比,微创手术凭借其创伤小、恢复快等优点,在子宫内膜癌的应用越来越广泛,但临床应用时间较短,仍需大样本多中心的长期随访研究来证实其安全性和有效性。本文主要围绕以上几种手术方式治疗子宫内膜癌的最新观点及研究进展进行综述。  相似文献   

2.
目的:探讨SOX2和OCT4蛋白在宫内膜样子宫和卵巢双发恶性肿瘤(double endometrioid endometrial and ovarian carcinomas,DEEOC)中的表达情况及意义。方法:收集青岛大学附属医院2007年-2016年30例DEEOC石蜡组织标本,采用免疫组化法检测SOX2和OCT4的表达,分析DEEOC两部位癌组织中及原发性、转移性DEEOC癌组织中SOX2和OCT4蛋白表达差异及相关性。结果:SOX2和OCT4在DEEOC两部位癌组织中的表达率明显高于相应的正常组织(P均0.001),SOX2在原发性DEEOC、转移性DEEOC两部位癌组织中表达均相当(P均0.05),OCT4在原发性DEEOC、转移性DEEOC中的表达也相当(P均0.05),且Pearson相关性分析显示双癌组织中的两种蛋白的表达均呈正相关性。转移性双癌两部位组织中的SOX2和OCT4的表达量都要明显高于原发性双癌(P均0.05)。结论:DEEOC癌组织中SOX2和OCT4均呈阳性表达,二者可能相互作用参与DEEOC肿瘤的发生、发展,在辅助区分原发性和转移性DEEOC也可能具有一定的指导意义。  相似文献   

3.
目的:探讨血小板输注无效(PTR)与血小板抗原(HPA)多态性的相关性.方法:2017年5月到2018年9月选择在首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院输血科进行血小板输注的患者187例,检测所有患者血液的HPA多态性,判断PTR发生情况并进行相关性分析.结果:在187例患者中,发生PTR 32例,发生率为17.1%.PTR患者...  相似文献   

4.
目的:探讨子宫内膜癌组织中C-erbB-2和TTF-1的表达及其与患者临床预后的关系。方法:应用免疫组化S-P法检测正常子宫内膜组织、子宫内膜不典型增生组织、子宫内膜癌组织中C-erbB-2与TTF-1的表达,并分析二者与子宫内膜癌临床病理特征及患者临床预后的关系。结果:子宫内膜癌组织、子宫内膜不典型增生组织、正常子宫内膜组织中C-erbB-2的阳性表达率分别为56.65%、36.67%、16.67%(P0.05),TTF-1的的阳性表达率分别为33.75%、53.33%、70.00%(P0.05)。C-erbB-2的阳性表达与子宫内膜癌的临床病理分期、组织分化、肌层浸润及有无淋巴结转移呈显著正相关(P0.05),与其病理类型无显著相关性(P0.05)。TTF-1的阳性表达与子宫内膜癌的病理分期、组织分化、肌层浸润深度负相关(P0.05),但与有无淋巴结转移及病理类型均无显著相关性(P0.05)。C-erbB-2和TTF-1在子宫内膜癌组织中表达无明显相关性(P=0.303)。子宫内膜癌中C-erbB-2阳性表达者五年生存率(80.90%)显著低于C-erbB-2阴性表达者(93.80%)(P0.05),TTF-1阳性表达者五年生存率(87.70%)略高于TTF-1阴性表达者(85.70%),但差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:子宫内膜癌组织中C-erbB-2的表达显著上调,而TTF-1的表达明显下调,二者表达异常均参与了子宫内膜癌的发生和发展,且C-erbB-2的表达上调与子宫内膜癌患者的不良预后相关。  相似文献   

5.
目的:探讨影响血液病患者血小板输注疗效的因素,为提高血液病患者的临床疗效提供参考依据。方法:选择2013年1月至2015年12月海南省人民医院收治的156例输注单采血小板的血液病患者为研究对象,所有患者单次输入血小板12U(血小板数≥2.5×1011个),观察输注后血小板计数纠正增加指数(CCI),分析病种、脾大、发热、年龄、性别对血小板输注疗效的影响。结果:血小板输注总有效率为71.0%。再生障碍性贫血(AA)者血小板输注有效率为65.9%、特发性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)为65.7%,急性白血病(AL)为77.7%,骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)为71.9%,不同病种之间血小板输注有效率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。发热感染者血小板输注有效率为69.9%,明显低于无发热感染者(77.6%,P0.05);脾不大者有效率为74.9%,明显高于脾大者(52.86%,P0.05);男性、女性有效率分别为76.5%、75.8%,60周岁者与芏60周岁者有效率分别为72.0%、77.3%,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。随着血小板输注次数的升高,血小板输注无效的发生率也显著升高。结论:发热及脾大是影响血液病患者血小板输注疗效的不利因素。  相似文献   

6.
目的:了解妇科盆腔恶性肿瘤血常规变化及其临床意义。方法:以无锡市人民医院2018年1月~2019年3月收治的90例妇科盆腔恶性肿瘤患者作为病例组,同期住院的243例确诊为盆腔良性病变或妊娠状态的患者作为良性对照组,选取同期717名接受体检的成年女性作为健康对照组,对三组研究对象的血常规指标进行回顾性分析。结果:与健康对照组比较,良性对照组和病例组患者的嗜酸性粒细胞百分比(EO)、嗜酸性粒细胞计数(EO#)、红细胞压积(HCT)、血红蛋白水平(HGB)、淋巴细胞百分比(LY)、淋巴细胞计数(LY#)、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)、红细胞计数(RBC)水平降低,单核细胞计数(MO#)、血小板平均体积(MPV)、中性粒细胞百分比(NE)、中性粒细胞计数(NE#)、红细胞分布宽度(RDW)、白细胞计数(WBC)水平升高;病例组患者EO、EO#、LY、LY#、MO#、MPV水平低于良性对照组,HCT、HBG、MCHC、PDW、NE、NE#、RDW水平高于良性对照组,同时,病例组患者的红细胞平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)、红细胞平均体积(MCV)水平高于健康对照组,健康对照组的MCH、MCV水平高于良性对照组,良性对照组患者的单核细胞百分比(MO)、血小板压积(PCT)水平高于健康对照组,健康对照组的MO、PCT水平高于病例组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic多元回归分析结果显示,LY#、MO#、MCHC、RDW、MCH、MCV与盆腔恶性肿瘤的发生具有相关性(P0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,在各项血常规指标中,MCV诊断妇产科盆腔恶性肿瘤的曲线下面积(AUC)最高,为0.683。结论:盆腔恶性肿瘤患者的血常规指标与良性病变患者和健康人群均存在差异,部分指标与恶性肿瘤的发生具有独立相关性。  相似文献   

7.
摘要 目的:探讨献血者捐献单采血小板贮存期间血小板扩散功能的变化。方法:2017年8月到2020年6月选择在本血站参加单采血小板献血的献血者66例作为研究对象,每个献血者的单采血小板血液样本分为3管-A管、B管与C管,将产品置于血小板振荡保存箱22℃振荡保存,分别在贮存第1 d(A管)、第3 d(B管)、第5 d(C管),检测血小板扩散功能的变化情况。结果:A管、B管与C管的Hct(Hematocrit,红细胞压积)、Hb(Hemoglobin,血红蛋白)、PDW(Platelet distribution width,血小板分布宽度)、WBC(leukocyte,白细胞)、RBC(Red blood cell,红细胞)、血小板(Platelets,PLT)、MPV(Mean platelet volume,平均血小板体积)对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),B管与C管的P-LCR(platelet -larger cell ratio,大型血小板比例)值与血清白介素(Interleukin,IL)-1β、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子(Tumor necrosis factor,TNF)-α含量高于A管(P<0.05),C管高于B管(P<0.05)。B管与C管的血小板膜糖蛋白CD62p表达水平高于A管(P<0.05),血小板最大聚集率低于A管(P<0.05),C管与B管对比差异也都有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A管、B管与C管的扩散后血小板合格率分别为97.0 %、86.4 %、77.3 %,三组间对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:献血者捐献单采血小板贮存时间可影响血小板扩散功能,导致炎症细胞因子释放量增加,可降低血小板血小板最大聚集率,提高血小板膜糖蛋白CD62p表达水平,从而降低输注疗效。  相似文献   

8.
摘要 目的:探究血浆置换及血小板输注治疗特发性血小板减少性紫癜疗效。方法:选择2016年2月至2019年1月于我院接受治疗的60例特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者为研究对象,按照其选择治疗方式的差异将其分为血小板输注组(20例)及血浆置换(Plasma exchange,PE)组(40例),对比两组患者治疗有效率、治疗前后血细胞计数变化情况以及治疗中各类不良反应发生情况。结果:血小板输注组患者治疗显效数10例,有效数6例,总有效率80.00 %,PE组患者治疗显效数27例,有效数12例,治疗总有效率97.50 %,PE组治疗总有效率高于血小板输注组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,PE组患者的PLT、RBC计数和Hb水平出现了明显的升高,WBC计数出现明显的下降(P<0.05),血小板输注组PLT、RBC计数和Hb水平也出现明显升高,WBC计数水平出现下降(P<0.05),但组间比较显示治疗后PE组患者上述指标均优于血小板输注组(P<0.05)。血小板输注组患者不良反应总发生人数为4人,不良反应总发生率为20.00 %,PE组总不良反应发生人数3人,不良反应总发生率为7.50 %,PE组不良反应总发生率明显低于血小板输注组(P<0.05)。结论:血血浆置换及血小板输注治疗均对特发性血小板减少性紫癜具有较好的治疗效果,能够显著改善患者血细胞计数异常情况,但血浆置换治疗安全性更高。  相似文献   

9.
目的:探讨卵巢高级别浆液性癌和低级别浆液性癌的差异表达蛋白,为阐明卵巢癌发生机制及寻找诊断和预后标志物的提供线索。方法:收集卵巢癌新鲜组织标本冻存于液氮中,经病理学确诊为高级别浆液性癌和低级别浆液性癌,两种类型各收集15例。应用i TRAQ定量蛋白质组学技术筛选及鉴定高/低级别浆液性癌的差异表达蛋白,并进行生物信息学分析。结果:卵巢高级别和低级别浆液性癌组织的定量蛋白质组学比较研究鉴定出差异表达蛋白314个,其中与低级别浆液性癌组比较,高级别浆液性癌组上调蛋白有97种,下调蛋白有217种。GO分析显示这些差异蛋白在分子功能、生物学功能、细胞成分方面均具有一定分布特点。KEGG分析显示这些差异蛋白涉及复杂的信号通路。结论:高/低级别浆液性癌之间存在差异表达蛋白,这些蛋白涉及复杂的功能和信号通路可能在两型卵巢癌发生机制及肿瘤生物学行为差异中具有重要意义。  相似文献   

10.
随着人们生活环境和生活方式的改变,目前不孕症的发病率逐年增高,体外受精-胚胎移植技术IVF的发展有效解决了女性不孕问题,然而这一技术所采用的高剂量促排卵药物所引起的体内激素水平的改变以及短时间内大量排卵导致卵巢表面上皮的反复损伤与修复是否与后期卵巢癌的发生有关联?针对这一问题,国内外学者曾对此进行了一系列机制研究及大量的流行病学调查,但是已完成的研究中仍存在随访时间较短、采用IVF治疗的女性平均年龄较低等问题,使得促排卵药物使用与卵巢癌的关系仍没有确切定论。本文对国内外促排卵药物与卵巢癌关系的研究进展进行了综述。  相似文献   

11.
    
ObjectiveTo study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent lockdown on the number of diagnoses of gynaecological malignancies in the Netherlands.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study using data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR) on women of 18 years and older diagnosed with invasive endometrial, ovarian, cervical or vulvar cancer in the period 2017–2021. Analyses were stratified for age, socioeconomical status (SES) and region.ResultsThe incidence rate of gynaecological cancer was 67/100.000 (n = 4832) before (2017–2019) and 68/100.000 (n = 4833) during (2020) the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparing the number of diagnoses of the two periods for the four types of cancer separately showed no significant difference. During the first wave of COVID-19 (March-June 2020), a clear decrease in number of gynaecological cancer diagnoses was visible (20–34 %). Subsequently, large increases in number of diagnoses were visible (11–29 %). No significant differences in incidence were found between different age groups, SES and regions. In 2021 an increase of 5.9 % in number of diagnoses was seen.ConclusionIn the Netherlands, a clear drop in number of diagnoses was visible for all four types of gynaecological cancers during the first wave, with a subsequent increase in number of diagnoses in the second part of 2020 and in 2021. No differences between SES groups were found. This illustrates good organisation of and access to health care in the Netherlands.  相似文献   

12.
    
Adipose tissue is a highly vascularized endocrine organ, and its secretion profiles may vary with obesity. Adiponectin is secreted by adipocytes that make up adipose tissue. Worldwide, obesity has been designated a serious health problem among women and is associated with a variety of metabolic disorders and an increased risk of developing cancer of the cervix, ovaries, uterus (uterine/endometrial), and breast. In this review, the potential link between obesity and female-specific malignancies is comprehensively presented by discussing significant features of the intriguing and complex molecule, adiponectin, with a focus on recent findings highlighting its molecular mechanism of action in female-specific carcinogenesis.  相似文献   

13.
Estrogens along with progesterone/progestins, and other hormones, are important determinants of cancer in the breast, endometrium and ovary. Estrogens may increase the risk of breast cancer through various mechanisms and at various phases of life, with a possible synergistic effect of progesterone/progestins. Exposure to high doses of placental hormones, such as estrogens and/or progesterone, during pregnancy may play a pivotal role in reducing subsequent breast cancer susceptibility. Estrogens cause endometrial cancer, an effect that can be reduced, prevented or reversed by progesterone/progestin — if allowed to act for a sufficiently long period of each cycle. The role of sex hormones seems important for ovarian carcinogenesis. Intake of combined oral contraceptives has a substantial and well-documented protective effect on endometrial and ovarian cancer risks. Epidemiological observations and experimental data from an animal model indicate that estrogens may have an adverse effect, while progesterone/progestins have a risk reducing effect directly on the ovarian epithelium. Thus, estrogens and other sex hormones have potential effects on the three most important female cancers. Research has yet to define how some of the risk factors can be modified or treatment regimens can be improved to reduce these cancer risks.  相似文献   

14.
    
AimThe prevalence of hysterectomy is decreasing worldwide. It is not clear whether changes in the population at risk (women with intact uteruses) have contributed to an increased uterine cancer incidence. This study aims to assess the effect of changing trends in hysterectomy prevalence on uterine cancer incidence in Scotland.MethodsThe population of women aged ≥25 years with intact uteri was estimated using the estimated hysterectomy prevalence in 1995 and the number of procedures performed in Scotland (1996–2015). Age-standardized uterine cancer incidence was estimated using uncorrected (total) or corrected (adjusted for hysterectomy prevalence) populations as denominators and the number of incident cancers as numerators. Annual percentage change in uterine cancer was estimated.ResultsHysterectomy prevalence fell from 13% to 10% between 1996–2000 and 2011–2015, with the most marked decline (from 20% to 6%) in the 50–54-year age group. After correction for hysterectomy prevalence, age-standardized incidence of uterine cancer increased by 20–22%. Annual percentage change in incidence of uterine cancer remained stable through the study period and was 2.2% (95%CI 1.8–2.7) and 2.1% (95%CI 1.7–2.6) for uncorrected and corrected estimates, respectively.ConclusionUterine cancer incidence in Scotland corrected for hysterectomy prevalence is higher than estimates using a total female population as denominator. The annual percentage increase in uterine cancer incidence was stable in both uncorrected and corrected populations despite a declining hysterectomy prevalence. The rise in uterine cancer incidence may thus be driven by other factors, including an ageing population, changing reproductive choices, and obesity.  相似文献   

15.
摘要 目的:通过研究毒毛花苷对核因子2相关因子2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, Nrf2)的抑制作用,深入探讨其抑制子宫内膜癌细胞增殖的作用机制。方法:(1)采用细胞增殖实验观察不同浓度的毒毛花苷对Ishikawa细胞增殖的影响;(2)通过克隆形成实验观察毒毛花苷对Ishikawa细胞增殖的作用;(3)采用蛋白免疫印迹法检测经毒毛花苷处理后,Ishikawa细胞Nrf2蛋白表达水平的变化。结果:经毒毛花苷处理后,Ishikawa细胞增殖受到显著抑制且呈剂量依赖性。Nrf2蛋白表达下调。结论:毒毛花苷可能通过下调Nrf2蛋白水平,从而抑制子宫内膜癌的恶性生物学行为。  相似文献   

16.
Premature rise of progesterone during the late follicular phase in stimulated IVF cycles is a frequent event and its effect on the endometrial receptivity and on the ART (Assisted Reproductive Technique) – outcome has become a matter of intense debate and research. An emerging body of evidence demonstrates that premature progesterone rise does have a negative impact on the outcome of the ART-success. Until now, the exact cause of progesterone elevation is not fully clear, however lately published studies points to the fact, that premature progesterone elevation might be caused by enhanced FSH stimulation. The impact of elevated peripheral progesterone levels seems to be mainly on the endometrium and the window of implantation, leading to an asynchrony between the endometrium and the developing embryo. Hence, new data show additional an influence on the embryo quality. This review aims to summarize the up-to-date knowledge on the causes of premature progesterone rise during hormonal stimulation, on its influence on endometrial receptivity and embryo quality, on the impact on pregnancy and live birth rates as well as on the possible strategies to prevent this event or to deal with premature progesterone elevation in case it could not be avoided.  相似文献   

17.
18.
The effect of immunotherapy using sizofiran (SPG) on the prognosis of patients with ovarian cancers was prospectively studied in a total of 68 patients, who were randomly assigned to either a cisplatin, adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (PAC) therapy group or a PAC plus SPG combination therapy group.The survival rate was significantly higher in patients with stage Ic, II or III cancers treated with the PAC plus SPG combination, compared with the patients treated with PAC alone. In the SPG-receiving patients with stage Ic or more advanced cancers who were treated with four cycles or more of PAC, the outcome was improved (Cox-Mantel, p=0.074; generalized Kruskal-Wallis, p=0.032). Similar improvement was also observed in the patients with non-serous adenocarcinomas (Cox-Mantel, p-0.076; generalized Krukal-Wallis, p=0.045). No side effects attributable to SPG were recorded.The present results suggest that the use of SPG in combination with long-term chemotherapy improves the postoperative prognosis in ovarian cancer patients.Abbreviations SPG sizofiran  相似文献   

19.
侯彩英  宫荣杰  姚元庆 《生物磁学》2011,(21):4182-4186
宫颈癌是全世界妇女中第二常见的恶性肿瘤,在非洲、亚洲以及南美洲,是妇女最常见的恶性肿瘤。其发病率和死亡率仅次于乳腺癌。宫颈癌的传统治疗是根治性手术(包括广泛全子宫切除+盆腔淋巴结清扫术)和放疗,化疗主要用于晚期或复发转移的患者。近些年,随着科学技术的发展,其手术方式及放化疗方式都有了新的进展,同时,还出现了靶向治疗、基因治疗及疫苗预防等综合防治体系。  相似文献   

20.
宫颈癌是威胁女性健康的最常见的主要恶性肿瘤之一,据统计全世界每年新发现有数万女性患有宫颈癌这种癌症,越来越多的妇女死于宫颈癌。宫颈癌也是一种预防的肿瘤,其致病因素多种多样,包括初次性生活的年龄、吸烟、HPV、HSV、HCMV、EBV等因素。目前的检测方法有巴氏涂片法、薄层液基细胞学涂片法、宫颈组织活检及宫颈管刮术、HPV-DNA检测、计算机辅助细胞学检测系统等方法可以诊断宫颈癌。早期诊断、早期检查对宫颈癌的预防和治疗具有积极作用,同时降低宫颈癌的死亡率。  相似文献   

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