白首乌对超氧阴离子自由基清除作用的研究

为深入探讨耳叶牛皮消块根（白首乌）的药理作用,指导其保健食品的研究与开发,采用化学发光法测定了去皮白首乌及白首乌栓皮对超氧阴离子自由基（Ｏ－２）的清除作用。结果表明,两者均能直接清除Ｏ－２,其ＩＣ５０分别为６９６９μｇ／ｍｌ和２２９８μｇ／ｍｌ,而且后者对Ｏ－２的清除能力比前者高出３０多倍,并同时测定了赤何首乌、西洋参、灵芝、当归、黄芪、菊花和竹叶。结果表明,去皮白首乌清除Ｏ－２的能力显著低于赤何首乌和灵芝,与西洋参和当归相差不大,显著高于黄芪、菊花和竹叶。而白首乌栓皮清除Ｏ－２的能力却高于其中任何一种中药。     

滨海白首乌提取物对酪氨酸酶活力的影响

以l-dopa为底物,研究了白首乌提取物的酪氨酸酶活性影响作用。结果表明白首乌提取物对酪氨酸酶抑制作用显著,可使酶促反应进程出现较长迟滞期,稳态酶活力缓慢下降。白首乌提取物终浓度80.0μg/mL时,迟滞时间为626 s,稳态酶活力相对维生素C抑制率为56.25%。白首乌提取物对酪氨酸酶的抑制机理为可逆的竞争性抑制。     

滨海白首乌粉发酵试验

目的:通过制备固态复合微生物制剂与白首乌粉发酵试验,为白首乌粉发酵饮料制备提供科学依据。方法:选用枯草芽孢杆菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌、保加利亚乳杆菌、乳酸菌等菌最优培养基,各菌种经培养扩大后分别接种到以白首乌粉为原料的发酵培养基。分别测定固态复合微生物制剂的蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维的含量,测定菌体生物量、粗蛋白含量和总蛋白得率;分析发酵白首乌粉的氨基酸变化。结果:固态复合微生物制剂的有效活菌总数为3.09×109g-1,菌体生物量为5.69 g/L,菌体总蛋白得率为0.194 g/L。发酵前白首乌粉氨基酸总量为7.119 g/100g,其中精氨酸与谷氨酸含量比较高,分别达到1.833 g/100g,1.241 g/100g;测得发酵后白首乌粉氨基酸总量为7.369 g/100g,其中精氨酸与谷氨酸含量比较高,分别达到1.591 g/100g,1.245 g/100g。发酵后,精氨酸和胱氨酸减少,其他氨基酸不同程度的增加。结论:制备的固态复合微生物制剂活细菌数量能够保证白首乌粉的发酵,发酵后白首乌粉部分氨基酸含量增加,改善了白首乌粉的品质,为白首乌饮料制备提供依据。     

白首乌化学成分与药理活性研究进展

白首乌类植物含有C21甾体酯甙类、磷脂类、苯乙酮甙类等化学成分,具有抗氧化、调节免疫功能、抗肿瘤、抗缺氧、降血脂等多种药理活性.主要综述了近年来白首乌类植物化学成分及药理活性研究进展概况.     

泰山白首乌生物学特性及繁育技术

泰山白首乌为萝摩科植物耳叶牛皮消 (CynanchumauriculatumRoyleexWight)的块根 ,药用或生产淀粉食用。在海拔 70 0米以上泰山阴坡 ,少有分布 ,现处于野生状态 ,为开发泰山白首乌这一珍贵植物资源。本文主要介绍了该生物学特性和繁育技术。     

泰山白首乌塑料大棚弥雾蔓插育苗技术

利用塑料大棚弥雾进行泰山白首乌蔓茎扦插育苗,加快了白首乌的繁殖速度。实验证明：6月中旬选用IBA 1000mg/kg处理扦插生根率为72％,8月20日进行大田移栽,移植成活率达95％。     

白首乌C21甾苷对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨白首乌C21甾苷对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用。方法：健康清洁级 Wistar系雄性大鼠40只随机分为4组：假手术组：打开胸腔,冠状动脉左前降支（LAD）下穿线但不结扎;缺血再灌注组：结扎LAD;去势组：去势后恢复4w,然后再结扎LAD;白首乌C21甾苷治疗组：结扎LAD手术前1w胃给予白首乌C21甾苷10 g/ kg,连续7d,然后结扎LAD。采用ELISA法检测血浆肌钙蛋白（cTnT）和心肌组织肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF α）,白细胞介素6（IL 6）含量,并对心肌组织进行病理学分析。结果：与缺血再灌注组比较,白首乌C21甾苷治疗组TNF α、IL 6和cTnT含量明显降低,心肌病理损伤减轻。结论：白首乌C21甾苷可显著抑制心肌炎症因子,缩小梗死面积,减轻心肌组织形态损伤,改善受损的心肌功能,从而起到保护心肌的作用。     

白首乌光合日变化的研究

白首乌叶片光合日变化曲线呈明显双峰型,峰值分别出现在上午9：00～10：00时和下午3：00时左右。在高光强下中午有明显“午休”现象。叶绿素荧光参数Fv／Fm和φPSⅡ在晴天中午明显降低,说明田问白首乌叶片在晴天中午经常发生光抑制,高光强和高温是发生光抑制的主要原因。     

白首乌组织培养与器官发生的细胞组织学研究

白首乌(Cynanchurn bungei)属于萝摩科鹅绒藤属植物,历有泰山药材“四大名产”之一的美称。主治久病虚弱、神经衰弱、贫血、须发早白、慢性风痹,失明健忘等症。本研究将白首乌的茎段和叶片外植体分别在无菌条件下接种到附加有细胞分裂素 BA 和生长素2,4-D 的 MC培养基上进行愈伤组织诱导培养,培养一周后可见茎段两端,叶片的叶脉处开始膨大,继而产生愈伤组织。研究发现不同激素组合对外植体的愈伤组织诱导有明显的影响,其中以0.     

罗布麻红麻根的药理作用研究进展

对近年来罗布麻根的药理作用研究进行了综述,为其资源开发利用提供科学依据.     

大血藤化学成分及药学研究进展

目的:对传统中药大血藤的化学成分及药学研究概况进行综述.方法:查阅国内外发表的文献为依据.结果:传统中药大血藤中含有鞣质、糖苷、环多酚类、三萜皂甙类、木质素类、黄酮类、甙类及有机酸类等多种化学成分;药理研究证明,其具有抗辐射;抗菌、抗炎、抗急,陛过敏、抗癌及心血管系统活性等作用,结论:大血藤具有多种药理活性,有希望从中开发出治疗心血管疾病和抗炎的现代药物.对其进行进一步的研究和开发具有重要意义.     

The effect of taurine on chronic heart failure: actions of taurine against catecholamine and angiotensin II

Taurine, a ubiquitous endogenous sulfur-containing amino acid, possesses numerous pharmacological and physiological actions, including antioxidant activity, modulation of calcium homeostasis and antiapoptotic effects. There is mounting evidence supporting the utility of taurine as a pharmacological agent against heart disease, including chronic heart failure (CHF). In the past decade, angiotensin II blockade and β-adrenergic inhibition have served as the mainstay in the treatment of CHF. Both groups of pharmaceutical agents decrease mortality and improve the quality of life, a testament to the critical role of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin--angiotensin system in the development of CHF. Taurine has also attracted attention because it has beneficial actions in CHF, in part by its demonstrated inhibition of the harmful actions of the neurohumoral factors. In this review, we summarize the beneficial actions of taurine in CHF, focusing on its antagonism of the catecholamines and angiotensin II.     

Equipotent in vitro actions of alpha- and beta-CGRP on guinea pig basilar artery are likely to be mediated via CRLR derived CGRP receptors

The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare specific in vitro pharmacological actions of human alpha- and beta-CGRP applied as single concentrations to prostaglandin F2alpha precontracted segments of guinea pig basilar artery. To support the suggestion of a possible link between the pharmacological actions of alpha- and beta-CGRP and a specific receptor, we wished to determine whether mRNAs required for the expression of calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) derived CGRP receptors were present in the guinea pig basilar artery. In the pharmacological experiments we demonstrated an increase in the cAMP content by 2.5-fold and a concomitant significant vasorelaxation of the precontracted basilar artery segments following 1 min of stimulation by 10(-7) M alpha- or beta-CGRP. In another set of experiments, the time course of alpha- and beta-CGRP induced vasodilatation was investigated and concentration dependent responses of the two peptides were demonstrated. No significant differences between the actions of alpha- and beta-CGRP regarding induction of cAMP formation, amount of vasodilatation, time course of vasodilatation and mode of inhibition by the CGRP receptor antagonist, human alpha-CGRP(8-37), could be detected. The presence of mRNA encoding the guinea pig CRLR and the guinea pig CGRP receptor component protein (RCP) in the guinea pig basilar artery was demonstrated by RT-PCR methods. Furthermore, a partial sequence of mRNA encoding the guinea pig CRLR was determined. The expression in this tissue of a CRLR derived CGRP receptor and a functional RCP is therefore likely, and the equipotent pharmacological actions of alpha- and beta-CGRP might be mediated via CRLR derived CGRP receptors.     

Phoneutria nigriventer venom: a cocktail of toxins that affect ion channels

1. We review the pharmacological actions of toxins present in the venom of the aggressive spider Phoneutria nigriventer.2. This venom is rich in toxins that affect ion channels and neurotransmitter release. Voltage-gated sodium, calcium, and potassium channels have been described as the main targets of these toxins.3. In addition to these classical actions Phoneutria toxins have also been shown to affect glutamate transporter.4. It is expected that molecular genetics in addition to biochemical, biophysical and pharmacological approaches will help to further define Phoneutria toxins and their mechanisms of action in the near future.     

中药蛇床子的研究概况

蛇床子是一种传统中草药。本文概述了蛇床子的化学成分,药理作用和临床研究的概况。     

Fermentation of protopanaxadiol type ginsenosides (PD) with probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - Ginsenosides are believed to be the principal components behind the pharmacological actions of ginseng, and their bioactive properties are closely related...     

That was then,this is now: the development of our knowledge and understanding of P2 receptor subtypes

Purinergic Signalling - P2 receptors are present in virtually all tissues and cell types in the human body, and they mediate the physiological and pharmacological actions of extracellular purine...     

吴茱萸的药理作用与其温里功效

本文综述了吴茱萸的药理作用,并试图说明它的中医温里功效的现代含义。     

丹参水溶性成分的研究概况

丹参是一种传统中药,但其水溶性成分的研究是近年才展开的.本文概述了丹参水溶性部分的化学成分、提取分离、含量测定和药理研究的最新进展.     

罗布麻保健茶的开发与药膳

介绍罗布麻的种类、形态及分布、化学成分、安全性评价、药理作用、临床试用、保健茶的生产工艺及开发与药膳配方精制.