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酶电泳资料和系统与进化植物学研究综述 总被引:39,自引:0,他引:39
酶电泳资料和系统与进化植物学研究综述葛颂(中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学开放研究实验室北京100093)关键词同工酶,电泳,植物系统学,进化ELECTROPHORETICDATAANDSTUDIESOFPLANTSYSTEMATICSANDEV... 相似文献
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据统计地球上的植物约30万种,而以植物为食的昆虫约48万种,几乎没有一种植物能免受昆虫的危害。也许人们很容易认为,植物不能运动,对取食者毫无招架之功,只能充当随时光顾的昆虫的美餐。事实上植食性昆虫可谓冒着“杀身之祸”顶着巨大的选择压力、和植物共同经历了上亿年的发展进化才“保住”了今日的饭 相似文献
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次生物质在植物与昆虫协同进化中的意义 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
次生物质是植物次级低谢的产物,它在植物与昆虫协同进化中起着主导作用。本文通过介绍次生物质在植物化学防御中的作用,昆虫对次生物质的适应及其利用等内容,阐述了次生物质在植物与昆虫协同进化中的意义。 相似文献
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植物系统和进化生物学旨在探讨植物物种多样性的起源、多样化及其进化的机制, 是综合性越来越强的研究领域。2017年在深圳召开的第19届国际植物学大会(IBC 2017)为中国学者提供了一次难得的展示自身实力的机会和舞台, 同时也极大地推动了中国植物系统与进化生物学领域的研究。值此大会召开5周年之际, 本文拟就中国系统和进化生物学领域近年来取得的主要进展和突破做一简要回顾, 以帮助读者了解中国植物系统和进化研究的发展态势, 并在此基础上展望未来该领域的发展趋势以及面临的机遇和挑战。在过去5年中, 中国学者在植物系统与进化生物学领域的各个方面均取得了令人鼓舞的成绩和突破, 涉及植物起源和物种多样性格局的演变、植物分类和系统发生重建、物种形成和适应性进化、种间互作和协同进化、新性状的起源及其进化发育机制、植物多倍化的机制和多倍体进化、物种濒危机制和物种保护以及栽培植物的起源和驯化等等。这些研究成果不仅在数量上而且在质量上有显著提升, 受到国际学界的广泛关注, 意味着中国学者已经成为国际该领域研究的重要力量, 并将在国际植物系统和进化研究领域发挥更大的作用。 相似文献
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从种子植物器官特征,比较分析了裸子植物与被子植物在茎、叶、花和种子进化程度的不同,显示出它们对环境适应性的不同,旨在进一步充分、全面的了解种子植物一些进化特征以及种子植物进化过程中策略的选择。 相似文献
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昆虫进化与植物的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
<正> 地球在大约35亿年前开始出现生物。到目前,在地球上生存的生物约在200万种以上。它们都是过去绝灭种类的后代,渊源于共同的祖先,经历了从无到有、从少到多、从低级到高级的发展演变过程。不同种类之间常存在着相互适应,关联进化的现象,当今地球上最为繁盛的昆虫种群就与植物存在着互适进化的关系。 相似文献
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分子生物学技术在濒危植物遗传多样性研究中的应用周立伟,吴乃虎(中国科学院发育生物学研究所、10008O北京)系统与进化的研究是生物科学中既古老又年青的学科之一,虽然已有二百多年的历史,但在目前依然是一个非常活跃的研究领域。长期以来,系统学家们一直在根据进化论的观点努力探讨生物系统发育的模式。过去所采用的方法大多是建立在形态(解剖和胚胎)性状的分析和比较的基础上。 相似文献
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RAPD技术在系统与进化植物学中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着RAPD技术的发展,这一在DNA分子水平上检测遗传多样性的方法被广泛用于植物系统与进化的研究之中,利用RAPD的分析结果,不仅可以探讨 物种间的亲缘演化关系,检测种内的遗传分化,而且还可以为属、种的分类提供强有力的证据。事实证明,RAPD在系统与进化植物学的研究中具有重要的参考价值,并已取得了可喜的成果。 相似文献
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一、昆虫进化的历程以三叶虫为祖先的节肢动物,是自距今约六亿年的寒式纪从环节动物的祖先分化而来,这可以从解剖学和比较形态学的研究结果来证明,节肢动物的循环系统位于消化道的背面,神经系统则位于消化道的腹面,;而且,低等的节肢动物其附肢分化也不明显,极似于环节动物的疣足。现今的许多研究也表明,节肢动物至少是由类似于环节动 相似文献
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正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases 相似文献
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Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme
responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare
the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show
that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by
distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of
demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least
one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of
the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable
potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs. 相似文献
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It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis. 相似文献
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Lina Rustanti Hongping Jin Dongsheng Li Mary Lor Haran Sivakumaran David Harrich 《中国病毒学》2018,33(2):142-152
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The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle. 相似文献
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RICHARD E. NORRIS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1991,106(1):1-40
Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera. 相似文献
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JOAN VALUÈS MONTSERRAT TORRELL NÚRIA GARCIA JACAS 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》2001,137(4):399-407
Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted. 相似文献