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论中药分子鉴定的方法和原则 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
中药的准确鉴定涉及到人民生命安全和切身利益。传统的鉴定方法,即感官评价、显微鉴定和理化鉴定均存在不同程度的局限性,而分子鉴定则为中药的快速和准确鉴定带来了新的契机。为了使中药的分子鉴定得到更加广泛和有效的应用,应该高度重视相关标准、规范的制订。本文提出了中药分子鉴定的一些主要方法：1)真伪品鉴定：特异聚合酶链式反应法;2)正品和替代品鉴定：DNA条形码鉴定法;3)多基源鉴定：群体遗传学分析法;4)产地鉴别：分子谱系地理学分析法。经上述方法仍无法鉴别的贵重药材可进一步应用人类亲子鉴定的方法,开发特异微卫星标记进行进一步的鉴定。 相似文献
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Fungi are major pathogens of plants. They are responsible for most of the spoilage that occurs to plants in fields or in storage conditions. In addition to the direct impacts of fungi upon the plant’s fruiting body, such as leaf spot, wilt, rust, dieback and rot, fungi can contaminate plants with mycotoxins. Twenty isolates were molecularly identified in this study representing eight genera and twelve species. The most common species identified in this work belongs to Aspergillus (33.3%), Penicillium (16.6%) and Fusarium (16.6%) genera, which are well known to have mycotoxigenic species.Environmental factors have a significant influence on the biological activity of fungi, including growth, sporulation and mycotoxin production. Temperature and water activity affect fungal virulence factors, such as growth, colonisation, spread and mycotoxin production. This work found the optimal temperature for the growth of isolates, was 30 °C for 75 % of isolates and at 25 °C for 25 % of isolates. This information is useful, as it helps to identify the phytopathogenic and mycotoxigenic species, and determining optimal growth temperatures is important to control them and reduce their threats. 相似文献