血液流变学在心肌梗死诊断、治疗和预后判断方面的研究进展

血液流变学是一门研究血液流动与变型的新型学科,其范围包括血液流量、流速、流态、血液凝固性,血液中有形成分及血管变形性与弹性、微循环、微血管血液流变性等。它是心肌梗死发病的一个重要因素之一,其突出表现是红细胞聚集症和高粘滞血症。血液流变学不但在心肌梗死疾病中的诊断,药物、介入等方面作为临床治疗与疗效的评估指标,而且对心肌梗死疾病的预后及对临床观察病情变化及疗效判定等具有重要意义。     

85例心肌梗死患者血液流变学指标的变化

近年来我国心脑血管病逐渐增多 ,其致残率、死亡率也明显上升。我院于 2 0 0 0年 6月至 2 0 0 1年6月对 85例心肌梗死患者进行了血液流变学 5项主要指标的检测 ,发现心肌梗死患者血液流变学指标有明显改变 ,现报告如下。1　资料与方法1 .1　临床资料　对照组 :1 2 0例 ,其中男 6 5例 ,年龄 3 0～ 75岁 ,平均 5 3 .5岁 ;女 5 5例 ,年龄 3 0～82岁 ,平均 5 5 .7岁 ,均是来本院体检 ,排除患有心肌梗死而影响血液流变学指标因素的健康人。心肌梗死组 :85例 ,其中男 49例 ,女 3 6例 ,均来自本院住院病人 ,并经临床和各种检查确诊为心肌梗死的患者…     

青龙肠溶胶囊治疗周围血管病50例的临床与血液流变学观察

青龙肠溶胶囊治疗周围血管病５０例的临床与血液流变学观察三明市第二医院３６６０００刘胜智我们用青龙胶囊治疗周围血管病５０例,对其进行了临床疗效和血液流变学影响的观察,报告如下。１资料和方法治疗对象：所有病例来源于住院及门诊病例。年龄２３～７４岁,其中男...     

清栓酶对血液流变学的影响（附22例分析）

应用清栓酶对心脑血管病治疗,观察治疗前后血液流变学七项指标变化,经统计学分析,该药对血液流变学的疗效关系,说明该药对预防和治疗心脑血管疾病是一种较为理想的药物之一。     

降纤酶联合尼莫地平治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的：观察降纤酶联合尼莫地平治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效及相关生化指标,探讨降纤、抗栓、复流和脑保护在急性脑梗死治疗中的必要性。方法：对符合条件的病例随机分2组,治疗组予降纤酶加尼莫地平治疗,对照组临床疗效及血栓通加胞二磷胆碱治疗,分别对其疗效,血液流变学,凝血酶原时间进行比较。结果：治疗组临床疗效及血液流变学指标改善明显,且无增加副作用。结论：降纤酶有降纤、抗凝、溶栓作用,尼莫地平抑制Ca^2 内流,保护脑细胞,同时有改善血液流变性,两药联合应用治疗急性脑梗死有协同作用,可增加疗效。     

血液流变学在临床疾病诊断、治疗中的应用

近十多年来,血液流变学在临床医学的各领域得到了广泛而深入的研究,不仅发现了许多疾病可导致血液流变学的异常,而且发现了血液流变学的变化可作为许多疾病诊断、治疗及愈后的重要指标。本文主要介绍血液流变学在这些方面的应用研究。     

慢性肾脏疾病血液流变学测定及其临床意义的探讨

本文对我院1988年至1990年住院40例慢性肾脏疾病病人进行了血液流变学的测定。其中我们发现Ⅱ型肾病综合征病人血液呈高粘状态[P<0.05],慢性肾小球肾炎普通型血液呈低粘状态[P<0.01],其它类型病人血液流变学测定基本正常,并讨论了其原因及临床意义,为临床诊断及治疗提供了依据。     

清栓酶治疗中,重度微循环异常320例疗效观察

本文总结清栓酶治疗中度以上微循环异常的缺血性心脑血管疾病３２０例,观察治疗前、后甲襞微循环的变化。结果表明清栓酶治疗前、后各项分值和总积分值都有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５）,并且与血液流变学的改善以及临床症状、体征的好转呈正相关关系。观察结果表明清栓酶改善微循环疗效确切。甲襞微循环检测有助于预测疾病的危险程度,对指导用药、评估药物疗效等具有重要参考价值。     

丹参酮IIA磺酸钠注射液辅助治疗对突发性耳聋患者血液流变学及临床疗效的影响

目的：探讨丹参酮IIA 磺酸钠注射液辅助治疗对突发性耳聋患者血液流变学及临床疗效的影响。方法：选取我院收治的突发 性耳聋患者78 例,并将其随机分为实验组和对照组,每组39 例。对照组给予三磷酸腺苷二钠、辅酶A、复合维生素、双密达莫片 及高压氧治疗,而实验组在对照组的基础上给予丹参酮IIA 磺酸钠注射液治复合组治疗。观察和比较两组患者治疗后的听力恢复 等级分布以及治疗前后的电测听情况和各项血液流变学指标的变化情况。结果：治疗后,与对照组比较,实验组听力恢复Ⅰ级患 者的比例更高,电听力平均值均显著降低,各项血液流变学指标均明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：丹参酮IIA 磺酸 钠注射液辅助治疗能够显著提高突发性耳聋的临床疗效,这可能其改善患者的血液流变学有关     

清栓酶治疗急性脑梗塞52例临床疗效与血液流变学分析（摘要）

清栓酶治疗急性脑梗塞５２例临床疗效与血液流变学分析（摘要）抚顺西露天矿医院荆家宏,崔兰英抚顺矿务局医院田敏杰本文观察５２例脑梗塞,在治疗前后的临床疗效及血液流变学常用检测指标的变化,结果表明经两疗程清栓酶治疗后,８项检测指标（血栓长度、湿重、干重、血...     

A comparison of the illness beliefs of people with angina and their peers: a questionnaire study

Background

Systolic compression of a coronary artery by overlying myocardial tissue is termed myocardial bridging. Myocardial bridging usually has a benign prognosis, but some cases resulting in myocardial ischemia, infarction and sudden cardiac death have been reported. We are reporting a case of myocardial bridging which was complicated with acute myocardial infarction associated with inappropriate blood donation.

Case presentation

A 33 year-old-man was admitted to our emergency with acute anteroseptal myocardial infarction after a blood donation. The electrocardiography showed sinus rhythm and was consistent with an acute anteroseptal myocardial infarction. We decided to perform primary percutanous intervention (PCI). Myocardial bridging was observed in the mid segment of the left anterior descending coronary artery on coronary angiogram. PCI was canceled and medical follow up was decided. Blood transfusion was made because he had a deep anemia. A normal hemaglobin level and clinical reperfusion was achieved after ten hours by blood transfusion. At the one year follow up visit, our patient was healthy and had no cardiac complaints.

Conclusions

Myocardial bridging may cause acute myocardial infarction in various clinical conditions. Although the condition in this case caused profound anemia related acute myocardial infarction, its treatment and management was unusual.     

Protection of ischemic myocardium by exogenous phosphocreatine (neoton): pharmacokinetics of phosphocreatine, reduction of infarct size, stabilization of sarcolemma of ischemic cardiomyocytes, and antithrombotic action

The effect of exogenous phosphocreatine on ischemic myocardium was studied in experimental infarction in rabbits and in total ischemia of pig heart tissue (in vitro). It is shown that single dose administration of phosphocreatine is followed by its rapid clearance from blood plasma (with a half lifetime of 4-6 min), but constantly high plasma concentration of phosphocreatine can be maintained by its intravenous infusion. When administered by this method into rabbits during experimental myocardial infarction, phosphocreatine reduces by 40% the size of the necrotic zone. Morphological electron microscopic studies using a lanthanum tracer method showed significant protection of the sarcolemma of cardiomyocytes in the perinecrotic zone by phosphocreatine. In vitro studies on the model of total ischemia also showed significant protection of cardiac sarcolemma from irreversible ischemic injury and reduction in the rate of high-energy phosphate depletion in the presence of phosphocreatine in the extracellular space. Additionally, it is demonstrated that creatine kinase released during myocardial infarction into the blood flow and exogenous phosphocreatine administered intravenously may significantly inhibit platelet aggregation by rapid removal of ADP, and thus potentially improve microcirculation during myocardial infarction.     

依达拉奉联合银杏达莫治疗2型糖尿病合并急性脑梗塞的临床效果分析

目的:本研究旨在探究2型糖尿病合并急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法:对我市医院门诊及住院部在2014年1月至2015年9月间收录的358例2型糖尿病合并急性脑梗塞患者的治疗情况进行,依照患者治疗方法的差异,将本组患者分成两组,分别是对照组和观察组,对照组实施常规糖尿病及脑梗塞治疗,观察组在其基础上加用依达拉奉联合银杏达莫治疗,持续治疗3周后,评估治疗效果。结果:治疗三周后,两组患者的椎基底动脉血流速度均有明显改善(P0.05),观察组的改善程度较对照组更为显著(P0.05);观察组患者的神经功能缺损评分为(10.96±2.4)分,对照组为(16.21±3.1)分,则观察组患者神经功能显著由于对照组(P0.05);观察组患者临床治疗有效率为95.35%,对照组为72.03%,则观察组治疗有效率显著高于对照组,且具有统计学意义(P0.05);对照组的平均住院时间为(4.2±1.3)周,观察组的平均住院时间为(2.8±0.9)周。结论:对于2型糖尿病合并急性脑梗塞患者,在临床综合治疗的基础上加用依达拉奉联合银杏达莫治疗效果显著,能够显著提升患者椎基底动脉的血流速度,改善神经功能缺损,提高临床治疗效果,具有较大推广应用优势及价值。     

Intraventricular vortex flow changes in the infarcted left ventricle: numerical results in an idealised 3D shape

The cardiac diagnostic process is primarily based on the evaluation of myocardial mechanics whereas little is known about blood dynamics that is rarely considered to this purpose. The intraventricular blood flow is analysed here for akinetic and dyskinetic myocardial motion corresponding to the presence of an ischaemic pathology. This study is performed through a 3D numerical model of the left ventricular flow. Results show that the presence of an anterior-inferior wall infarction leads to the shortening and weakening of the diastolic mitral jet. A region of stagnating flow is found near the apex and close to the ischaemic wall. These results are in agreement with previous clinical findings based on echographic imaging. The described phenomena are also noticed for moderate degrees of the ischaemic pathology and suggest a potential value of the study of the intraventricular flow to develop early diagnostic indicators.     

A blood pressure cut-off level identified for renal failure, but not for macrovascular complications in type 2 diabetes: a 10-year observation study.

AIMS: Can a cut-off blood pressure level for major complications be identified? METHODS: A 10 years observation study in 385 type 2 diabetic patients. RESULTS: 158 patients were affected with myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure or death, which occurred in 68, 55, 19 and 109 patients, respectively. No patient with a blood pressure below 140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure below 75 mmHg developed uraemia during the observation period. No such cut-off level was seen for myocardial infarction, stroke or death. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that there seems to be a cut-off level for blood pressure for development of renal failure, while no level was found for cardio- or cerebrovascular disorders.     

Study of blood and lymph in experimental myocardial ischemia and arterial hypertension]

The peripheral blood and central lymph of rats under experimental myocardial infarction was studied by means of light microscopy and electric conductivity measurement. Both hypertensive rats and animals 3 days after myocardial infarction had similar quantity of neutrophils in peripheral blood. Lymph cells count of hypertensive rats by middle lymphocytes is similar to the animals 1 day after myocardial infarction. The correlation between lymph and blood electric conductivity and its cell composition was noted.     

强心益气方联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗急性心肌梗死的疗效及对患者血清相关指标的影响

目的:探讨强心益气方联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗急性心肌梗死的临床疗效及对患者白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞比值(NEU)、肌红蛋白及C反应蛋白(CRP)水平的影响。方法:选自2014年6月~2015年12月我院收治的急性心肌梗死患者96例,随机分为观察组与对照组,每组48例。对照组采用瑞舒伐他汀治疗,观察组在对照组基础上给予强心益气方治疗。观察并比较两组患者的治疗疗效以及治疗前后心功能指标、WBC、NEU、肌红蛋白、CRP水平变化,及用药期间不良反应情况。结果:观察组治疗总有效率(89.58%)高于对照组(70.83%)(P0.05);与治疗前比较,两组LVEF、SV治疗后明显升高,而LVEDV明显降低(P0.05);观察组LVEF、SV治疗后高于对照组,而LVEDV低于对照组(P0.05);与治疗前比较,两组WBC、NEU、肌红蛋白、CRP水平治疗后明显降低(P0.05);观察组WBC、NEU、肌红蛋白、CRP水平治疗后低于对照组(P0.05);两组均未见严重不良反应。结论:强心益气方联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗急性心肌梗死患者疗效显著,可降低WBC、NEU、肌红蛋白、CRP含量,安全可靠,值得研究。     

缺血后处理内源性心脏保护的研究进展

再灌注疗法是临床治疗心肌缺血最有效的措施,但会引起再灌注损伤,调动机体内源性保护机制可以减轻再灌注损伤,保护缺血心肌。缺血预处理（ischemic preconditioning,IPC）和后处理（ischemic postconditioning,I-postC）是缺血心脏有效的内源性保护现象,可以减轻缺血再灌注（ischemia／reperfusion,I／R）后心肌坏死与心肌功能障碍,减少恶性心律失常的发生。内源性心脏保护的机制主要是通过诱导触发因子释放,经多条细胞内信号转导途径的介导,作用于多种效应器,影响氧自由基产生、钙超载等I／R损伤的关键环节而发挥心肌细胞保护作用。特别是可以在缺血后实施的I-postC具有良好的临床应用前景。本文以I-postC为重点综述内源性心脏保护作用、机制及其临床应用现状。     

渐进性肌肉放松训练对急性心肌梗死病人焦虑状态的影响

为了确定渐进性肌肉放松对急性心肌梗死患者焦虑情绪是否有缓解作用,本研究选取2016年4月至2019年4月期间在曲靖市第一人民医院心内科治疗的患者274例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组137例,平均年龄(53.27±10.3)岁。对照组在治疗期间给予常规护理,而观察组在常规护理的基础上给予渐进性肌肉放松治疗。放松治疗每天2次,每次10组,一周4天,共治疗4周。分别于患者入院48 h和治疗后1个月对患者的血压、心率、并发症以及焦虑水平进行记录评估。研究显示,入院治疗1个月后,患者的血压、心率均有所下降,但无统计学差异;相较于对照组,观察组的并发症发病患者均明显下降(p<0.05);此外,患者入院时均有不同程度的焦虑情绪,经过一个月的治疗后患者的焦虑评分均明显下降,且在观察组中焦虑得分更显著低于对照组(p<0.05)。本实验在较大的临床样本中证实渐进性肌肉放松训练能明显降低患者的焦虑情绪并有助于降低患者并发症,能在治疗急性心肌梗死患者时提供较大帮助,为临床应用放松训练辅助治疗心肌梗死提供了较为可靠的实验证据,有重要的实用价值。