A reassessment of some Asian species of Heterophyllium (Schimp.) Kindb. (Pylaisiadelphaceae,Bryophyta)

Introduction. Heterophyllium albicans Thér., H. henryi Tixier, H. micro-alare (Broth. & Paris) Broth. and H. tonkinense (Broth. & Paris) Broth. were all either poorly known species or known only from the type collections since their inception.

Methods. Examination of the type material confirmed that the alar cell structure in these species do not conform to the generic concept of Heterophyllium (Schimp.) Kindb. The study also revealed some new features previously unreported in these species, i.e., the filamentous pseudoparaphyllia, one of the characteristic features of the genus Isopterygium Mitt.

Key Results & Conclusions. Three new combinations, Isopterygium albicans (Thér.) Y.Jia & S.He, I. micro-alare (Broth. & Paris) Y.Jia & S.He, and I. tonkinense (Broth. & Paris) Y.Jia & S.He are proposed. Heterophyllium henryi Tixier is treated as a new synonym of Brotherella henonii (Duby) M.Fleisch.     

Taxonomic notes on African Orthotrichaceae 2: Macrocoma – new synonymy and first report of multicellular spores

Type material of two poorly known species of Macromitrium, described from East Africa and Madagascar, was examined and both were found to belong to the genus Macrocoma. Macromitrium megalosporum Thér. & Naveau was found to be morphologically very close to Macrocoma abyssinica (Müll.Hal.) Vitt., with the only significant difference between these taxa being the large multicellular spores of M. megalosporum, which is also the first report of multicellular spores for the genus Macrocoma. This name is here transferred to Macrocoma as Macrocoma abyssinica var. megalospora (Thér. & Naveau) Wilbraham comb. nov. Macrocoma abyssinica var. megalospora is reported new for the Comoros, which is the first record for the species in the East African Islands. Macromitrium adelphinum Cardot in Grandidier was found to be conspecific with Macrocoma tenuis (Hook. & Grev.) Vitt. subsp. tenuis and an appropriate synonymy is proposed. Macrocoma tenuis. subsp. tenuis is also reported here new to the Comoros.     

Taxonomic notes on African Orthotrichaceae I. New synonymy in Macromitrium

New synonymy and distribution records for the genus Macromitrium Brid. in sub-Saharan Africa are presented. Seven names are placed in synonymy, reducing the number of accepted taxa for Macromitrium in sub-Saharan Africa to 33. Macromitrium anomodictyon Cardot was found to be conspecific with M. serpens (Bruch ex Hook. & Grev.) Brid.; M. mauritianum Schwägr. and M. sanctae-mariae Renauld & Cardot are placed in synonymy with M. subtortum (Hook. & Grev.) Schwägr. and M. belangeri Müll.Hal., M. seriatum Paris & Broth., M. bequaertii Thér. & Naveau and M. trollii Dixon in Herz. are all placed in synonymy with M. sulcatum (Hook.) Brid. subsp. sulcatum. The precise lectotypification is implemented for six species within the genus. Macromitrium chloromitrium (Besch.) Wilbraham and M. orthostichum Nees ex Schwägr. are reported new to Tanzania and M. chloromitrium new to continental Africa.     

The moss genus Leptobryum and the identity of Pohlia integra

Abstract

Leptobryum Wilson (Bryaceae) consists of two species, viz., Leptobryum pyriforme (Hedw.) Wilson and L. wilsonii (Mitt.) Broth. Pohlia integra (Cardot) A.J.Shaw and three other species of Leptobryum, viz., L. escomelii Thér., L. pottiaceum Dusén, L. stellatum (Herzog) Broth. are reduced to synonomy under L. wilsonii. L. sericeum Kindb. is considered a doubtful species because no specimen could be located.     

A revision of the moss genus Sciaromium (Mitt.) Mitt. I. General remarks and the section Aloma Dusén

Abstract

The generic name Sciaromium (Mitt.) Mitt. that was originally used as a sectional epithet in Leskea is synonymous with Echinodium Jul E. madeirense Jur. [= E. spinosum (Mitt.) Jur.] is selected as the lectotype of the genus Echinodium. A historical review of taxonomic and nomenclatural problems in Sciaromium is provided and taxa that had previously been excluded from this genus are briefly discussed. Sciaromium flavidulum Dusén is a Eurhynchium and the combination E. flavidulum (Dusén) Ochyra is made. Sciaromium sect. Aloma Dusén is synonymous with Eurhynchium since E. flavidulum serves as the type species of this section. The taxonomic position of S. gracile Dusén is discussed and this species is considered synonymous with Amblystegium chilense Lor., which is transferred to Pseudoleskea and the appropriate new combination P. chilensis (Lor.) Ochyra made. Type specimens of S. bellii Broth., S. elimbatum Broth. & Watts and S. forsythii Broth. in Broth. & Watts are briefly described and illustrated; these species are reduced to synonymy with the polymorphic Cratoneuropsis relaxa (Hook. f. & Wils.) Fleisch. in Broth.     

Observations on Hookeriales,I. The taxonomic status of African species of Sauloma (Hook. f. & Wils.) Mitt. (Hookeriales)

African members of the moss genus Sauloma (Hook. f. & Wils.) Mitt are evaluated. Sauloma tisserantii P. Varde from Oubangui, Sauloma humblotii (Ren. & Card.) Card. (= Lepidopilum humblotii Ren. & Card.) from the Comoros and S. africana Dix. & Thér. from Central Africa are all conspecific with Leucomium strumosum (Hornsch.) Mitt. (Hookeriales, Leucomiaceae), the first two names being synonymized with the latter for the first time. S. julacea C. Müll. in Par. nom. nud. correctly belongs within Meiothecium (Sematophyllaceae) and S. chloroclada C. Müll. in Broth. nom. nud. is Meiothecium chlorocladum (Broth.) Broth. Accordingly, the genus Sauloma has to be excluded from the bryoflora of mainland Africa and adjacent islands.     

Distribution maps of Bryophytes in Britain and Ireland

Abstract

Eight epithets of Rigodium (R. araucarieti C. Müll., R. argentinicum C. Müll., R. brachypodium (C. Müll.) Par., R. nano-fasciculatum C. Müll. ex Thér., R. pendulum Herz. &; Thér., R. pseudo-thuidium Dus., R. solutum (Tayl.) Par., and R. tamarix C. Müll), lectotypified here, are listed with their nomenclature and pertinent details involving the careful identification of type specimens and original material. For Rigodium solutum (Tayl.) Par., a specimen from Taylor's original herbarium may likely be the holotype but had not been indicated as such by Taylor, the original author. A conservative approach for this situation is taken here by designating this specimen as a lectotype.     

Three new synonyms of Macromitrium microstomum (Hook. & Grev.) Schwägr. (Bryophyta,Orthotrichaceae), with comments on its morphological variations

Macromitrium filicaule Müll.Hal., M. pacificum var. brevisetum Thér. and M. subnitidum Müll.Hal are placed in synonymy with Macromitrium microstomum (Hook. & Grev.) Schwägr. The morphological variations of M. microstomum branch leaves, perichaetial leaves and capsules are illustrated by digital images.     

Taxonomic notes on African Orthotrichaceae 3. New synonymy in Madagascan Macromitrium

Examination of type material of Macromitrium taxa described from Madagascar has unveiled three names to be placed in synonymy. Macromitrium nanothecium var. sublaeve Thér. was found to be conspecific with Macromitrium fimbriatum (P.Beauv.) Schwägr.; Macromitrium ancistrophyllum Cardot is placed in synonymy with M. nanothecium Cardot and Macromitrium semipapillosum Thér. & P.de la Varde is placed in synonymy with Macromitrium calocalyx Müll.Hal. Lectotypification is effected for four taxa within the genus. A range extension is reported for M. nanothecium, which is recorded here as new to Tanzania.     

Notes on Fissidens VII–IX

Abstract

Note VII: Fissidens ah-pengae and F. aristifer spp. nov. are described and figured. The first is known from La Réunion, the second from Madagascar and La Réunion. Both belong to subgenus Aloma.

Note VIII: Fifteen new synonyms are proposed: Fissidens bryoides Hedw. var. glaucus Brid. is subsumed under F. crassipes Wilson ex Bruch & Schimp., F. comorensis Müll.Hal. under F. crispulus Brid., F. sigmocarpoides P.de la Varde under Fissidens erosulus (Müll.Hal.) Paris, F. atroviridis Besch., and F. luridus Renauld & Cardot under F. flaccidus Mitt., Moenkemeyera rarotongae Dixon and Fissidens jonesii Bizot ex Pócs under F. lagenarius Mitt. var. lagenarius, F. onraedtii Bizot nom. nud. under F. madecassus Schimp. ex Müll.Hal., F. bryum var. terrestris P.de la Varde under F. metzgeria (Müll.Hal.) Broth., F. edamensis M. Fleisch. under F. pallidinervis Mitt., F. brunnthaleri var. filipes Dixon & P.de la Varde under F. ramulosus Mitt., F. desertorum (Müll.Hal.) Paris and F. bambariensis Broth. & P.de la Varde under F. reflexus Hampe, F. usambaricus var. acutifolius P.de la Varde under F. usambaricus Broth. and F. glauculus var. circinicaulis (Cardot) P.de la Varde under F. weirii Mitt. Fissidens gedehensis M. Fleisch. is re-instated as a good species.

Note IX: Fifty-five new country and state records including F. anguste-limbatus Mitt. new to Africa. Fissidens pocsii Bizot & Dury ex Pócs is the first record of an epiphyllous species of this genus. The African distributions of F. flaccidus and F. pallidinervis are amended.     

Preliminary remarks on Orthodontium in Europe

Abstract

The recent discovery of an Orthodontium form in two localities in Holland led us to a revision of the species concerned, viz. the species published for Europe and the type-species of the genus, O. lineare Schwaegr. It has been shown that O. gracile var. heterocarpum Wats. agrees in nearly all characters with O. lineare. Consequently the name of the variety is regarded as synonym of the type-species. O. germanicum F. W. & K. Koppe also appears to belong here. O. gracile Schwaegr. ex Br. & Schimp., however, is distinct in some important characters and is retained as a separate species. The French O. Gaumei Allorge & Thériot is markedly distinct from the other European species but is closely related to the Asiatic O. infractum. The distribution of the three species is discussed.     

Using macroclimatic models to estimate the distribution ranges of taxonomically challenging taxa,an example with Macromitrium cavaleriei Cardot & Thér. (Orthotrichaceae)

An expanded taxonomic study of the narrowly understood Macromitrium cavaleriei Cardot & Thér. identified four new synonyms, M. cancellatum Y.X.Xiong, M. giraldii var. acrophylloides Müll.Hal., M. handelii Broth. and M. rigbyanum Dixon. With the discovery of the new synonyms, the range of M. cavaleriei is extended to India, Nepal, South Korea and Vietnam. To determine the potential distribution range of the species, we described its macroclimatic niche from its extant distribution with the maximum entropy algorithm modelling program (Maxent), contrasting the impact of different geographic backgrounds on the models. We found that the potential range of the species included central, southern, southwestern China to northern Vietnam, Myanmar, Bhutan, Nepal and India, and northwards to Japan and the Korean Peninsula. This estimation of the potential distribution range is largely confirmed by the herbarium specimens. The predicted climate suitability for M. cavaleriei is higher in the areas where the annual temperature range is about 26°C and precipitation during the warmest quarter, wettest quarter and month, and driest month are 500–600 mm, 500 mm, 200–210 mm, and 50 mm, respectively.     

Identity of North African endemic bryophytes, 1

Abstract

Ten taxa of Pottiaceae considered endemic to North Africa have been studied and typified. Nine are newly synonymized with other well-known taxa. A new combination is proposed: Weissia condensa var. armata (Thér. & Trab.) M.J.Cano, Ros & J.Guerra. The distribution of Acaulon triquetrum var. desertorum (Besch.) Jelenc and Weissia condensa var. armata are respectively extended to Europe and the African continent. Barbula muralis var. obovata Schimp. is a misprint in the publication of the taxon. Two nomina nuda, Tortula cuneifolia var. caulescens Jelenc and Tortula cuneifolia var. pilifera Jelenc have no taxonomic value.     

The top of the Pollino massif (southern Italy), an important refuge area for noteworthy mosses

The occurrence on the Pollino massif (southern Italy) of several remarkable mosses, which are rare or very rare in Italy, is reported. They are Orthotrichum acuminatum H. Philib., Distichium inclinatum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. and Grimmia longirostris Hook., new to the southern part of the Italian peninsula, and Schistidium dupretii (Thér.) W.A. Weber, new to South Italy. Moreover, Orthotrichum cupulatum Hoffm. ex Brid. var. fuscum (Venturi) Boulay, a very rare taxon in Europe and up to now considered vanished in Italy, is rediscovered in Italy after about one century from its single previous report.     

Studies on Hepaticae XLVIII. On Anomacaulis Schust.

Abstract

Bryum pyriferum Crundw. &; Whiteh. is reduced to synonomy with B. valparaisense Thér. from Chile. The species is illustrated and its distribution summarized.     

Notes on mosses from Ceylon and India, 7. Some species of Trichostomum

Abstract

Trichostomum bombayense C.M. is typified and T. cylindrotheca Mitt. reduced to synonymy under it. The records of Trichostomum species from Ceylon are critically examined and T. tenuirostre (Hook. & Tayl.) Lindb. removed from the Ceylon moss flora. Records of T. orthodontum (C.M.) Broth. and T. cuspidatum (D. & M.) D. & M. hitherto published are based on misidentifications, but new records are given of both. Differences between T. cuspidatum and T. stenophyllum (Mitt.) Broth., which latter binomial is not a homonym as Index Muscorum states, are dealt with and illustrated by S.E.M. photographs. T. stenophyllum is a good species which has been relegated to extraordinary synonymy in the past.     

New Philippine moss records for Luzon and Mindanao Islands

Introduction. The Philippine moss flora is updated and this shows that its richness and diversity is far from fully understood.

Methods. The status of 15 new records has been verified through recent publications. Type specimens of these new records were also examined to confirm their identity. Voucher specimens have been deposited in PNH. The taxa are listed in alphabetical order for ease of referencing.

Key Results. Fifteen new records for Luzon and Mindanao Islands are reported, derived from recent and older collections held in the Philippine National Herbarium (PNH).: Breutelia pendula (Sm.) Mitt., Chaetomitrium cucullatum Dixon, Ectropothecium filicaule M.Fleisch., Ectropothecium pseudocyperoides M.Fleisch., Entodon scariosus Renauld & Cardot, Hypnum plumaeforme Wilson, Leptodontium flexifolium (Dicks.) Hampe, Leucobryum sumatranum Broth. ex M.Fleisch., Oxyrrhynchium savatieri (Schimp. ex Besch.) Broth., Pelekium minusculum (Mitt.) Touw, Rhodobryum ontariense (Kindb.) Paris, Rhizogonium hattorii Nog., Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.) Loeske, Schlotheimia emarginatopilosa Herzog and Wijkia surcularis (Mitt.) H.A.Crum.

Chaetomitrium cucullatum and Ectropothecium filicaule are reinstated as species. Leptodontium flexifolium and Sanionia uncinata are new generic and species records for the Philippines.

Conclusions. These reported updates in Philippine moss flora indicate the importance of continued studies of unidentified bryological collections at PNH and elsewhere. Likewise, the necessity of field collecting to improve knowledge of the Philippine flora is also highlighted.     

Southern hemisphere synonyms of Racomitrium sudeticum (Funck) Bruch et Schimp.

Abstract

Type material is studied for six names of southern hemisphere Racomitria, viz. R. dustro-georgicum Par., R. amoenum (Broth.) Par., R. substenocladum Card., R. skottsbergii Card. et Broth., R. substenocladum fo. *nigrescens Card. et Broth., and R. austro-georgicum var. kranckii Riov. They are all placed as synonyms of R. sudeticum (Funck) Bruch et Schimp., which accordingly is bipolar. Racomitrium austro-sudeticum Broth. in Herz. belongs to the genus Grimmia.     

Syrrhopodon spuriodisciformis Dusén (Calymperaceae) as a distinct species,with taxonomic notes on Syrrhopodon africanus (Mitt.) Paris and related taxa

Syrrhopodon spuriodisciformis Dusén is removed from synonymy with Syrrhopodon africanus (Mitt.) Paris and reinstated as a distinct species. Syrrhopodon guineensis Broth. & Paris is recognised as a synonym of S. spuriodisciformis. Syrrhopodon africanus ssp. graminicola (R.S.Williams) W.D.Reese and S. africanus ssp. mandrakensis (Tixier) W.D.Reese are reconsidered as species, and the status of Syrrhopodon obuduensis Egunyomi & Olar. is discussed.     

中国青藓科植物分类学修订(Ⅱ):燕尾藓属

基于燕尾藓属(Bryhnia Kaurin)被处理为狭义青藓属(Brachythecium Schimp.s.str.)的异名,燕尾藓属已不复存在。笔者对原分布于中国的5种燕尾藓属植物进行了相应的分类学修订,结果如下:短尖燕尾藓(B.hultenii E.B.Bartram)、燕尾藓[B.novae-angliae(Sull.Lesq.)Grout]和毛尖燕尾藓(B.trichomitria DixonThér.)被移入狭义青藓属并处理为短尖青藓[Brachythecium hultenii(E.B.Bartram)Min LiY.F.Wang]、燕尾青藓[B.novae-angliae(Sull.Lesq.)A.Jaeger]和东亚青藓[B.trichomitrium(DixonThér.)Huttunen,Ignatov,Min LiY.F.Wang];短枝燕尾藓(B.brachycladula Cardot)被移入鼠尾藓属(Myuroclada Besch.),并处理为羽枝鼠尾藓[M.longiramea(Müll.Hal.)Min Li,Y.F.Wang,IgnatovHuttunen]的异名;密枝燕尾藓[B.serricuspis(Müll Hal.)Y.F.WangR.L.Hu]移入拟异叶藓属(Pseudokindbergia Min Li,Y.F.Wang,IgnatovB.C.Tan),并处理为拟异叶藓[P.dumosa(Mitt.)Min Li,Y.F.Wang,IgnatovB.C.Tan]的异名。