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1.
Effects of zinc deficiency and pinealectomy on cellular immunity in rats infected with Toxoplasma gondii 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
The effects of zinc and/or melatonin deficiencies on cellular immunity were investigated in rats infected with Toxoplasma gondii. A total of 50 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups of 10 rats each. In group I, the rats were infected
with T. gondii and fed a zinc-deficient diet; in group II, the rats were infected and their pineal gland was surgically removed. Group III
included rats that were infected, pinealectomized, and fed a zinc-deficient diet. Group IV consisted of T. gondii-infested rats that received no treatment of any kind, and group V were normal controls. After 3 wk of treatment, all rats
were sacrificed and the percentages of CD3, CD4, and CD8 lymphocytes, zinc, and melatonin levels in plasma and the percentage
of lymphocyte in blood smears were analyzed. The CD3 ratios of groups I–III were significantly lower than those of groups
IV and V (p<0.01). The CD4 lymphocytes were significantly higher in group IV than that in all other groups (p<0.05). In group IV, the CD8 lymphocytes were higher than in groups I–III (p<0.01) and those in group V were higher than for groups I and III (p<0.01). Lymphocyte incidence in group IV was higher than in the other four groups (p<0.01). The plasma zinc and plasma melatonin levels in groups I–III were significantly lower than those in the controls (p<0.01, both cases). These results suggest that zinc and/or melatonin deficiency have a negative influence on cellular immunity
in rats with toxoplasmosis. 相似文献
2.
Effect of overdose zinc on mouse testis and its relation with sperm count and motility 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of excessive zinc intake on the testes and on sperm count and motility
in mice. Thirty Balb c mice were divided randomly into 3 groups of 10 animals in each. Group I acted as controls; group II
was supplied with drinking water containing 1.5 g/100 mL Zn, and group III was supplied with drinking water containing 2.5
g/100 mL Zn. The animals were sacrificed after 3 wk supplementation and the epididymis and testis were quickly excised. A
negative correlation between Zn dose and sperm count and motility was found. The sperm count in group III was significantly
lower than in groups II and I (p<0.05). The sperm motility in group III was significantly lower than in the controls (p<0.05). Degenerative changes, including spermatic arrest, degeneration of seminiferous tubules, and fibrosis in interstitial
tissue, were observed in group III animals. These results show that high doses of zinc significantly alter sperm motility. 相似文献
3.
The protective effects of melatonin, vitamin E, and selenium alone or in combination were tested against cadmium-induced oxidative
damage in rat testes. A total of 60 male rats were equally divided into five study groups, one of which acted as control receiving
subcutaneous injections of physiological saline. The remaining four groups were treated with subcutaneous injections of cadmium
chloride at a dose of 1 mg/kg weight. The first study group received no treatment. The second group was treated with a combination
of 60 mg/kg vitamin E and 1 mg/kg sodium selenite. Group 3 was treated with 10 mg/kg melatonin, and the fourth group received
a combination of vitamin E, sodium selenite, and melatonin at the doses mentioned above. After 1 month, the animals were killed,
and the testes were excised for histological inspection and determination of tissue malondialdehyde and the activity of superoxide
dismutase. The animals receiving no treatment showed significantly higher malondialdehyde levels and reduced activity of the
enzyme (p < 0.05). Treatment with antioxidants resulted in a significant reduction in malondialdehyde when compared to the nontreated
animals (p < 0.05) and an increase in the superoxide dismutase activity that was almost the same as the controls. The combination of
melatonin, vitamin E, and selenium appears to have the more profound effect against cadmium-induced testicular injury. 相似文献
4.
The protective effect of black cumin (Nigella sativa=NS) on cadmium-induced oxidative stress was studied in rats. The rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups:
A (conrol), B (Cd treated), and C (Cd+NS treated), each containing 10 animals. The Cd-treated and Cd+NS-treated groups were
injected subcutaneously daily with CdCl2 dissolved in isotonic NaCl in the amount of 2 mL/kg for 30 d, resulting in a dosage of 0.49 mg Cd/kg/d. The control group
was injected with only isotonic NaCl (2 mL/kg/d) throughout the experiment (for 30 d). Three days prior to induction of CdCl2, the Cd+NS-treated group received a daily intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 mL/kg NS until the end of the study. Cd treatment
increased significantly the malondialdehyde levels in plasma and erythrocyte (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) and also increased significantly the antioxidant levels (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase,
and catalase) (p<0.05) compared to the control group. Cd+NS treatment decreased significantly the elevated malondialdehyde levels in plasma
and erythrocyte (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) and also reduced significantly the enhanced antioxidant levels (p<0.05). Cd treatment increased significantly the activity of iron levels (p<0.05) in the plasma compared to the control group. Cd+NS treatment decreased the activity of iron levels (p<0.05) in the plasma compared to the Cd-treated group. In the control group with no treatment, histology of erythrocytes was
normal. In the Cd-treated group, there were remarkable membrane destruction and hemolytic changes in erythrocytes. In the
Cd+NS treated group, these changes were less than in the Cd-treated group. Our results show that N. sativa exerts a protective effect against cadmium toxicity. 相似文献
5.
Elham Motallebzadeh Abolfazl Azami Tameh Sayyed Alireza Talaei Zavareh Bagher Farhood Akbar Aliasgharzedeh Mehran Mohseni 《Journal of cellular physiology》2020,235(11):8791-8798
This study aimed to determine the effects of melatonin on irradiation-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress in the brainstem region of Wistar rats. Therefore, the animals underwent whole-brain X-radiation with a single dose of 25 Gy in the presence or absence of melatonin pretreatment at a concentration of 100 mg/kg BW. The rats were allocated into four groups (10 rats in each group): namely, vehicle control (VC), 100 mg/kg of melatonin alone (MLT), irradiation-only (RAD), and irradiation plus 100 mg/kg of melatonin (RAM). An hour before irradiation, the animals received intraperitoneal (IP) melatonin and then were killed after 6 hr, followed by measurement of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in the brainstem region. Furthermore, the western blot analysis technique was performed to assess the caspase-3 expression level. Results showed significantly higher MDA and NO levels in the brainstem tissues for the RAD group when compared with the VC group (p < .001). Moreover, the irradiated rats exhibited a significant decrease in the levels of CAT, SOD, GPx, and TAC (p < .01, p < .001, p < .001, and p < .001, respectively) in comparison to the VC group. The results of apoptosis assessment revealed that the expression level of caspase-3 significantly rose in the RAD group in comparison with the VC group (p < .001). Pretreatment with melatonin ameliorated the radiation-induced adverse effects by decreasing the MDA and NO levels (p < .001) and increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities (p < .001). Consequently, the caspase-3 protein expression level in the RAM group showed a significant reduction in comparison with the RAD group (p < .001). In conclusion, melatonin approximately showed a capacity for neuroprotective activity in managing irradiation-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brainstem of rats; however, the use of melatonin as a neuroprotective agent in humans requires further study, particularly clinical trials. 相似文献
6.
Ifeanyichukwu Chukwuemeka Egbuniwe Joseph Olusegun Ayo Mohammed Umar Kawu Aliyu Mohammed 《Biological Rhythm Research》2015,46(2):207-219
The experiment was performed to evaluate cloacal temperature (CT) responses in broiler chickens, administered with betaine and ascorbic acid (AA) during the hot–dry season. Broilers were divided into four groups: Group I (control) was given sterile water; Group II, betaine at 250 mg/kg; Group III, AA at 50 mg/kg and Group IV, betaine (250 mg/kg) + AA (50 mg/kg). The different solutions were given orally for 42 days. Dry-bulb temperature (DBT), relative humidity (RH) and temperature-humidity index (THI) in the pen, and CT of each broiler chicken were measured bihourly (06:00–18:00 h) on days 28, 35 and 42. DBT, RH and THI values were outside the thermo-neutral zone for broiler chickens. Results showed that AA lowered (p < 0.001) CT, while betaine + AA increased (p < 0.001) CT, compared with controls. In conclusion, betaine + AA or AA alone modulated CT responses of broiler chickens subjected to the thermal stress in the hot–dry season. 相似文献
7.
The effects of vitamin E (dl-α-tocopheryl acetate) and selenium (Se; Na2-SeO3) on egg production, egg quality, and mineral content of egg yolk in Japanese quails reared under a low ambient temperature
(6°C) were evaluated. Birds (n=300; 7 wk old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups, 25 birds per group. The birds in a 3×2 factorial design received
either three levels of vitamin E (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg diet) or two levels of selenium (0.1 or 0.2 mg/kg diet). After 2
wk on feed, six groups of the birds were maintained at 18°C (thermoneutral temperature [TN]), and the other half were acclimated
over 3 d to a decreased environmental temperature of 6°C (cold stress [CS]). The performance, egg quality, and mineral content
of egg yolk were not influenced by supplemental vitamin E and selenium in quails not exposed to cold stress (p≥0.09). Two hundred fifty and 500 mg vitamin E/kg diet compared with 125 mg/kg diet and higher dietary selenium inclusions
(0.2 vs 0.1 mg/kg) resulted in a better body weight, egg production, and feed efficiency (p=0.01) in quails reared under CS. Similarly, egg weight, egg specific gravity, eggshell thickness, and Haugh unit were positively
influenced with vitamin E (p=0.01) and selenium (p≤0.05) supplementation. Egg yolk concentrations of Zn, Fe, and Mn were higher with higher dietary vitamin E (p=0.01) and selenium (p=0.05). There was no interaction detected for parameters measured in the present study (p≥0.3). The results of the present study showed that a combination of 250 or 500 mg vitamin E and 0.2 mg selenium per kilogram
of diet provides the greatest effects on performance and egg quality of Japanese quails reared under cold stress and suggest
that such a supplementation can be considered as a protective management practice in Japanese quail diets to reduce the detrimental
effects of cold stress. 相似文献
8.
Ayhan Dogukan Nurhan Sahin Mehmet Tuzcu Vijaya Juturu Cemal Orhan Muhittin Onderci James Komorowski Kazim Sahin 《Biological trace element research》2009,131(2):124-132
The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of chromium histidinate (CrHis) against experimentally induced
type II diabetes and on chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu) in serum, liver,
and kidney of diabetic rats. The male Wistar rats (n = 60, 8 weeks old) were divided into four groups. Group I received a standard diet (12% of calories as fat); group II were
fed standard diet and received CrHis (110 mcg CrHis/kg body weight per day); group III received a high-fat diet (HFD; 40% of calories as fat) for 2 weeks and then
were injected with streptozotocin (STZ) on day 14 (STZ, 40 mg/kg i.p.; HFD/STZ); group IV were treated as group III (HFD/STZ)
but supplemented with 110 mcg CrHis/kg body weight per day. The mineral concentrations in the serum and tissue were determined
by atomic absorption spectrometry. Compared to the HFD/STZ group, CrHis significantly increased body weight and reduced blood
glucose in diabetic rats (p < 0.001). Concentrations of Cr, Zn, Se, and Mn in serum, liver, and kidney of the diabetic rats were significantly lower
than in the control rats (p < 0.0001). In contrast, higher Fe and Cu levels were found in serum and tissues from diabetic versus the non-diabetic rats
(p < 0.001). Chromium histidinate supplementation increased serum, liver, and kidney concentrations of Cr and Zn both in diabetic
and non-diabetic rats (p < 0.001). Chromium supplementation increased Mn and Se levels in diabetic rats (p < 0.001); however, it decreased Cu levels in STZ-treated group (p < 0.001). Chromium histidinate supplementation did not affect Fe levels in both groups (p > 0.05). The results of the present study conclude that supplementing Cr to the diet of diabetic rats influences serum and
tissue Cr, Zn, Se, Mn, and Cu concentrations. 相似文献
9.
Souvik Roy Sudheer Kumar Dontamalla Anil Kumar Mondru Santanu Sannigrahi Prabhakar Reddy Veerareddy 《Biological trace element research》2011,139(1):55-71
To investigate whether sodium selenate treatment would impact on the onset of diabetic nephropathy, we examined blood glucose,
serum biochemical components, and interrelationship between oxidative stress, TGF-β1, and apoptosis in streptozotocin (STZ)
induced diabetic rats. Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. Group I (n = 10), normal control; Group II (n = 10), diabetic control; Group III (n = 10), sodium selenate (16 μmoles/kg) + diabetic; Group IV (n = 10), sodium selenate (32 μmoles/kg) + diabetic; Group V (n = 10), sodium selenate (16 μmoles/kg) control; and Group VI (n = 10), sodium selenate (32 μmoles/kg) control. Sodium selenate was administered via orogastric route for 10 weeks. In the
diabetic group, diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (50 mg/kg). The levels of blood glucose were
estimated and total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, urea, and albumin
were detected in serum. Antioxidant status was examined by measuring the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione,
and lipid peroxidation in kidney tissues. Histopathological studies were performed in the kidney tissue sections. The expression
of TGF-β1 was estimated by the immunohistochemical analysis in kidneys. Apoptotic study in kidney was performed using the
TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling technique. It was observed that blood glucose, serum, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol,
triglycerides, creatinine, urea, and albumin were significantly higher in diabetic control groups. Diabetic + sodium selenate
(16 and 32 μmoles/kg) significantly reduced blood glucose, serum, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine,
urea, and albumin levels. Selenium-treated groups significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, catalase, and
glutathione) in kidneys of diabetic rats. All enzyme activities of selenium control groups did not differ compared with the
normal control. Sodium selenate reduces significantly lipid peroxidation in diabetic rats. Cellular architecture of the diabetic
rats was altered whereas sodium selenate administration rectifies the degenerative changes of the kidney. Profound immunopositivity
of TGF-β1 was observed in the glomerular and tubulointerstitial cells of diabetic rat kidney. Immunopositivity of TGF-β1 was
significantly reduced in both low and high dose of sodium-selenate-treated rats (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). High numbers of apoptotic cells were observed in diabetic rats whereas sodium selenate in both doses significantly
reduces the incidence of apoptosis (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). We conclude herein that sodium selenate has the potential to play a significant role in limiting the renal impairment
by altering the apoptosis and TGF-β1 in experimental diabetic rats. 相似文献
10.
The hematological effects of oral supplementation of zinc to training athletes are reported in the present study. A total
of 30 subjects between 16 and 22 yr of age volunteered to participate in a 4-wk study. They were equally divided into three
groups. Group 1 acted as resting controls receiving daily doses of 3 mg Zn/kg body wt. Group 2 was actively engaged in wrestling
and exercised for 90–120 min, 5 d a week. Group 3 was also actively engaged in wrestling and exercised for 90–120 min, 5 d
a week, but they were supplemented with 3 mg Zn/kg body wt per day. The erythrocyte, leukocyte, and thrombocyte counts and
the hemoglobin values of all subjects participating in the study were measured before and after exercise at the beginning
and at the end of the 4-wk study period.
In all groups, there were no significant differences in the measured parameters before and after exercise. At the end of the
supplementation period, the parameters of the subjects in groups 1 and 3 were significantly higher than those of group 2,
both before (p<0.005) and after (p<0.05) exercise. These results suggest that zinc supplementation has a positive effect on hematological parameters in athletes. 相似文献
11.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the Toxoplasma gondii infection on the total content of the essential elements Zn and Mg levels. Plasma zinc and magnesium concentrations were
measured in 158 patients whose anti-T gondii IgG antibodies were positive. Scores were obtained for the patients and their age- and sex-matched 82 sero-negative healthy
controls. The mean concentration of Mg in blood was significantly lower in sero-positive patients than in their controls both
in females (p<0.01) and males (p<0.01). The average Zn concentration in seropositive female patients was 0.72±0.2 mg/L and 0.65±0.1 mg/L in controls (p>0.05). The mean values of the Zn in blood were 1.00±0.3 mg/L in seropositive male patients and 0.84±0.2 in controls (p>0.05). No correlation could be demonstrated between age and mean values of Zn and Mg in both sero-positive females/males
and controls (p>0.05). No significant correlation could be found between blood Zn and Mg levels in seropositive female/male patients and
controls (p>0.05). Mg levels were found to be clearly decreased in the patients with chronic toxoplasmosis, whereas no change was observed
in Zn levels. 相似文献
12.
Oztürk A Baltaci AK Bediz CS Mogulkoc R Güngör S 《Biological trace element research》2003,96(1-3):255-262
The present study was designed to investigate the effects of zinc and/or melatonin deficiency on rat testes. A total of 24
adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into four groups of six rats each, as follows:
(I) controls, (II) zinc deficient, (III) pinealectomized, zinc normal, and (IV) pinealectomized, zinc deficient. The plasma
zinc levels in the control group were higher than in all the other groups (p<0.01), and those of the zinc-deficient groups II and IV were significantly lower than for group III (p<0.01). The melatonin levels in the controls were also significantly higher than for all other groups (p<0.01) There was no significant difference in sperm production between the controls and the group of animals that had no epiphysis.
A significant suppression was observed in the spermatogenetic activity of the zinc-deficient groups (p<0.01). The suppression was higher in group II than in group IV. These results indicate that testicular damage caused by zinc
deficiency may be reduced by melatonin deficiency. 相似文献
13.
Effects of Selenium with Vitamin E and Melatonin on Cadmium-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rat Liver and Kidneys 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The present study was performed to determine the protective effects of melatonin alone and vitamin E with selenium combination
against cadmium-induced oxidative damage in rat liver. A total of 60 male rats were equally divided into five groups, one
of which acted as control receiving subcutaneous injections of physiological saline. The remaining four groups were treated
with subcutaneous injections of cadmium chloride at a dose of 1 mg/kg weight. The first study group received no treatment.
The second group was treated with a combination of 60 mg/kg vitamin E and 1 mg/kg sodium selenite. Group 3 was treated with
10 mg/kg melatonin, and the four group received a combination of vitamin E, sodium selenite, and melatonin at the doses mentioned
above. After 1 month, the animals were killed, and liver and kidneys were excised for histopathological inspection and determination
of tissue malondialdehyde and the activity of superoxide dismutase. The animals receiving no treatment showed significantly
higher malondialdehyde levels and reduced activity of superoxide dismutase (p < 0.05). Treatment with antioxidants resulted in a significant reduction in malondialdehyde when compared to nontreated animals
(p < 0.05) and increase in the enzyme activity that was almost the same as the controls. The pathological findings were also
in parallel with the results of the biochemical analysis. In conclusion, all the agents tested had protective effects against
cadmium-induced oxidative damage. 相似文献
14.
The present study aims to investigate the possible effects of carvacrol obtained from origanum oil upon the regenerative feature of the liver subsequent to partial hepatectomy in rats.Male Wistar Albino rats, weighing 230±30 g, were divided into three experiment groups. Group I (n=8) were used as sham operation group. Group II (n=8) were applied saline solution and hepatectomy. Carvacrol and hepatectomy (73 mg/kg) were applied to Group III (n=8). One dose of test material was injected 1 h before 68% partial hepatectomy. At the end of the experiments, blood and organs were removed. The liver regeneration rate of the rats was calculated measuring the weights of their liver before and after the hepatectomy. Hematoxylin and eosin, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) treatments were applied to liver sections. Aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6 levels were determined in serum samples.The liver regeneration, mitotic index and PCNA index increased significantly in rats of Group III over the Group II at the 72nd hour after partial hepatectomy. Histological evaluations were also similar with these results of PCNA and mitotic indexes. In AST, ALT, TNF-α and IL-6 levels, there was no statistically significant difference.According to these results, it is concluded that carvacrol increases the liver regeneration rate. 相似文献
15.
We investigated the possible correlation between the leptin concentration and the Zn/Cu ratio in the plasma of women with
thyroid disorder. Forty women with hypothyroidism (n=20) or hypothyroidism (n=20) and 20 euthyroid controls were recruited. The results showed that the women with thyroid disorder (hypothyroidism or
hyperthyroidism) had higher plasma leptin concentrations than the normal controls (p<0.05). Moreover, the plasma leptin concentration had no correlation with plasma thyroid hormone levels in the separate groups,
nor among all the participants considered together. A strong correlation (p<0.005) between leptin and adiposity was only observed in euthyroid women. Plasma values of Zn and Cu and the Zn/Cu ratio
were not markedly different among women with altered thyroid status. However, a weak correlation (r=0.28, p=0.032) between leptin and the Zn/Cu ratio was found from the pooled data of all participants and retained after adjustment
for adiposity. We suggest that there may exist an interaction between the plasma leptin level and thyroid hormone-induced
abnormality for selected minerals. 相似文献
16.
Canatan H Bakan I Akbulut M Halifeoglu I Cikim G Baydas G Kilic N 《Biological trace element research》2004,100(2):117-123
Obesity is among the main contributing factors in the etiology of essential hypertension (EHT). Leptin, the product of the
ob gene, is expressed mainly in adipose tissue. We examined the relationship between two trace elements, zinc (Zn) and copper
(Cu), and leptin in patients with EHT (n=35) and normotensive (NT) controls (n=50) because leptin as well as Zn and Cu were reported to be associated with the pathophysiology of EHT. Plasma leptin levels
were determined with a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry was utilized
to determine plasma Zn and Cu levels. There was a negative correlation between leptin and Zn, and the Zn/Cu ratio (r=−0.359, p<0.05; r=0.361, p<0.05, respectively) in pooled subjects. When subjects were divided based on the presence or absence of hypertension, there
was a negative correlation between leptin and Zn (r=−0.375, p<0.05) as well as leptin and Zn/Cu ratio (r=−0.398, p<0.05) in NT subjects. Similar trends were observed when leptin/BMI (body mass index) levels were utilized. There was no significant
correlations between levels of Cu and leptin or leptin/BMI. In conclusion, in addition to high leptin levels, Zn and the Zn/Cu
ratio were lower in patients with EHT compared to NT controls. 相似文献
17.
One hundred sixty-four adult male volunteers (29 controls [Group 1] and 135 combi drivers) enrolled in the study. The combi
drivers were divided into three groups as nonusers of either Maras powder or cigarette (Group 2), smokers (Group 3), and users of Maras powder (Group 4). Blood lead levels (BLLs) were analyzed by
atomic absorption spectrophotometer. BLL was detected as 2.8 ± 2.3 μg/dL in Group 1 (n = 29); however, it was 3.5 ± 1.6 μg/dL in Group 2 (n = 33), 3.8 ± 2.4 μg/dL in Group 3 (n = 62), and 3.9 ± 2.4 μg/dL in Group 4 (n = 40). BLL in Group 1 was found significantly lower than other groups (p < 0.05). The use of cigarette or Maras powder by the drivers did not give rise to a marked difference on the BLLs (p > 0.05). BLL of (combi) drivers was detected to be significantly higher than nondrivers; however, it was still under the
hazardous level of 10 μg/dL announced by WHO. Although there are publications reporting that usage of tobacco increases the
level of lead in blood, both smoking and use of Maras powder did not affect BLL markedly in our study.
Poster presented (the abstract section published in Congress Book) at the 7th Congress of Turkish Family Physicians, 23–26
May 2006, Cesme-IZMIR, Turkey. 相似文献
18.
Sahin K Onderci M Sahin N Gursu MF Vijaya J Kucuk O 《Biological trace element research》2004,101(2):181-192
Chromium picolinate is used in the poultry diet because of its antistress effects in addition to the fact that the requirement
for it is increased during stress. This study was conducted to determine if the negative effects of high ambient temperature
(34°C) on egg production, egg quality, antioxidant status, and cholesterol and mineral content of egg yolk could be alleviated
by combination of chromium picolinate and biotin (0.6/2.0; Diachrome™, as formulated by Nutrition 21 Inc.), in laying Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japanica), Quails (n=240; 50 d old) were divided into 8 groups, 30 birds per group. The quails were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet
supplemented with 2, 4, or 8 mg of Diachrome/kg diet. Birds were kept at 22°C and 53% relative humidity (RH). At 14 wk of
age, the thermoneutral (TN) group remained in the same temperature as at the beginning of experiment, whereas the heat stress
(HS) group was kept in an environment-controlled room (34°C and 41% RH) for 3 wk. Heat exposure decreased performance when
the basal diet was fed (p=0.001). Diachrome supplementation at 4 and 8 mg/kg diet, increased feed intake (p=0.05), egg production (p=0.05), feed efficiency (p=0.01), egg weight (p=0.05), and Haugh unit (p=0.01) in quails reared under heat stress conditions. Heat exposure increased concentrations of serum malondialdehyde (MDA)
(p=0.001), glucose, and cholesterol (p=0.01), which were elevated by supplemental Diachrome (p≤0.05). Egg yolk Cr, Zn, and Fe (p=0.01) concentrations increased linearly, whereas MDA and cholesterol concentrations decreased (p=0.05) as dietary Diachrome supplementation increased in HS groups. Similar effects of supplementation on serum levels of
glucose and cholesterol (p=0.05) and egg yolk concentrations of cholesterol (p=0.05) and Cr (p=0.01) were observed in TN groups. No significant differences in other values were observed in the TN groups. Results of the
present study suggest that supplementation with Diachrome protects the quail by reducing the negative effects of heat stress. 相似文献
19.
F. Martín-Lagos M. Navarro-Alarcón C. Terrés-Martos H. López-García de la Serrana V. Pérez-Valero M. C. López-Martínez 《Biological trace element research》1998,61(1):61-70
A cross-sectional study of serum zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) levels in 31 healthy pregnant women and 51 healthy, nonpregnant
controls living in the Mediterranean area of Granada, Spain, was performed. The subjects were divided into two groups: Group
A, consisted of pregnant women in three categories according to the trimester of pregnancy, and Group B consisted of nonpregnant
women acting as controls.
In pregnant women, serum Zn levels were found from 0.300-1.340 mg/L and serum Cu from 0.936-2.304 mg/L, whereas in the nonpregnant
women group, the mean serum levels were 0.947 ±0.265 mg/L for Zn and 1.092 ±0.365 mg/L for Cu. Serum Zn progressively decreased
with gestation. Mean Zn levels were 0.829 ±0.253, 0.846 ±0.329, and 0.620 ±0.142 mg/L, corresponding to the first, second,
and third trimesters of pregnancy, respectively.
Serum Zn concentrations were significantly lower in pregnant women as compared to controls: 0.712 ±0.236 mg/L vs 0.947 ±0.265
mg/L, respectively (p < 0.05).
In contrast, Cu levels increased with period of gestation from 1.053 ±0.498 mg/L in the first trimester to 1.616 ±0.304 mg/L
in the second and 1.689 ±0.344 mg/L in the third. Serum Cu levels in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy were significantly
higher (p < 0.05) than those determined during the first trimester and for nonpregnant controls. Both Zn and Cu during pregnancy did
not appear to be dependent on the subject’s age (p > 0.05). 相似文献
20.
Protective agent, erdosteine, against cisplatin-induced hepatic oxidant injury in rats 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Cisplatin, one of the most active cytotoxic agents against cancer, has several toxicities. Hepatotoxicity is one of them occurred
during high doses treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of erdosteine against cisplatin-induced liver
injury through tissue oxidant/antioxidant parameters and light microscopic evaluation. The rats were randomly divided into
three groups: control (n=5), cisplatin (10 mg/kg, n=6) and cisplatin+erdosteine (50 mg/kg/day oral erdosteine, n=8) groups. The rats were sacrificed at the 5th day of cisplatin treatment. The liver tissues were examined with light microscopy
and oxidant/antioxidant biochemical parameters. The malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) levels were increased in the
cisplatin group in comparison with the control and cisplatin+erdosteine groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in MDA and NO levels between control and cisplatin+erdosteine groups. The activities
of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were higher in cisplatin+erdosteine group
than cisplatin group (p<0.05). However, the CAT and GSH-Px activities were significantly lower in cisplatin group than in control group (p<0.05). The light microscopic examination revealed that cytoplasmic changes especially around cells of central vein were observed
in cisplatin group. Hepatocellular vacuolization was seen in these cells. In the cisplatin plus erdosteine group, a decrease
in cytoplasmic changes with the hepatocytes and sinusoidal dilatations around cells of central vein were noticed in as compared
to cisplatin group. In the light of microscopic and biochemical results, it was concluded that cisplatin-induced liver damage
in high dose and erdosteine prevented this toxic side effect by the way of its antioxidant and radical scavenging effects.
(Mol Cell Biochem 278: 79–84, 2005) 相似文献