烟草薄层培养器官发生的控制及细胞学观察

普通烟草(Nicotiana tabacum)花梗表皮薄层组织在不同生长素和细胞分裂素配比的MS培养基上及不同的培养条件下,可分别诱导,得到直接发生的营养芽和花芽,以及根和不发生器官分化的愈伤组织。组织间的相互联系,影响器官发育潜能的发挥。细胞学观察发现,直接发生的营养芽和花芽起源于薄层组织的亚表皮细胞层。     

烟草表皮细胞薄层培养系统中多种组织器官发生的研究

利用烟草表皮细胞薄层培养系统,研究了离体培养下表皮毛和气孔的发生,发现斜向分裂和不均等分裂是与脱分化细胞再分化相关的分裂方式,并观察了愈伤组织气孔的适应性分化现象,此外,在茎表皮细胞薄层上成功地发生了不定根,利用花茎表皮细胞薄层也在其愈伤组织上发生了花芽。     

人参原生质体培养中的器官发生

人参原生质体培养中的器官发生唐巍,桂耀林,郭仲琛,吴绛云（中国科学院植物研究所,北京１０００４４）ＯＲＧＡＮＯＧＥＮＥＳＴＳＩＮＰＲＯＴＯＰＬＡＳＴＣＵＬＴＵＲＥＯＦＰＡＮＡＸＧＩＮＳＥＮＧＴａｎｇＷｅｉ;ＧｕｉＹａｏ－ｌｉｎ;ＧｕｏＺｈｏｎｇ－ｃｈ...     

烟草的不同器官薄层培养形成花芽的研究

烟草不同器官薄层离体培养形成花芽受植株生长发育时期的影响。植株处于营养生长时期,茎表皮薄层无花芽分化能力。随着植株营养生长转向生殖生长,在抽苔、现蕾、开花、结籽不同发育阶段,主茎上不同部位的茎表皮出现花芽的频率不同。植株现蕾时,只有接近顶端第一节的茎薄层出现花芽分化,随植株的发育,逐渐延伸到第四、五节。植株果实成熟时,主茎薄层分化花芽能力又复减弱。花芽分化的趋势却向花序分枝、花柄、果柄延伸,使??它们的薄层组织有分化花芽能力。此外,还观察到花序上小叶也可直接分化花芽。培养基内附加不同配比的植物激素对薄层花芽分化有促进作用。     

凤尾丝兰子房离体培养的器官发生及植株再生

用凤尾丝兰(Yucca gloriosa L.)离体子房为外植体接种材料,在附加KT、2,4-D及LH的MS培养基上诱导子房膨胀及愈伤组织发生;在附加6-BA、NAA及LH的MS培养基上诱导大量丛生芽;转至MS附加IBA的培养基上则能诱导根系形成;在间歇性高温灭菌及药物拌土的基质上,移植成活率达72%以上,得到了批量成苗。经镜检,试管苗与原株根蘖苗染色体数目一致。并对培养中各分化阶段进行了过氧化物酶活性测定,发现过氧化物酶活性随分化进展逐渐提高,呈正相关。     

乙烯与植物离体培养外植体的器官发生

本综述了乙烯与离体培养外植体器官发生之间的关系,以及乙烯生物合成的调节对外植体不定芽,不定根,花芽分化,原生质体培养及花药培养等过程的影响。     

椰子幼花序离体培养的器官发生

椰子幼花序在改良的ＭＳ附加高浓度的ＮＡＡ与２,４－Ｄ的培养基产生愈伤组织,在逐渐降离ＮＡＡ和２,４－Ｄ浓度的过程中,愈伤组织产生结构紧密的结节组织,结节组织有输导组织,分生细胞团,根原基及不同发育阶段的胚状体,有些进而发育成正常的根和绿色芽状物,同时,某些幼花枝的基部直接长出绿芽,经继续培养形成具有正常根,叶结构的完整植株,但茎尖无顶端分生组织,无叶原基,有的发育成花枝,甚至在顶部长出几朵发育不正     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.