橘小实蝇、瓜实蝇和南亚果实蝇人工饲料的优化

在温度25²8℃、相对湿度70%28℃、相对湿度70%⁷5%和光照周期L∶D=14∶10条件下进行了人工大量饲养橘小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)和瓜实蝇B.cucurbitae(Coquillett)成虫人工饲料配方的筛选试验。结果显示,1∶2重量比例混合的蔗糖和啤酒酵母是饲养这2种果实蝇的最佳成虫人工饲料,用其饲养的单雌产卵量、产卵期和孵化率分别为424.1675%和光照周期L∶D=14∶10条件下进行了人工大量饲养橘小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)和瓜实蝇B.cucurbitae(Coquillett)成虫人工饲料配方的筛选试验。结果显示,1∶2重量比例混合的蔗糖和啤酒酵母是饲养这2种果实蝇的最佳成虫人工饲料,用其饲养的单雌产卵量、产卵期和孵化率分别为424.16⁴45.75粒,30.90445.75粒,30.90³1.87 d,74.60%31.87 d,74.60%⁷5.40%。同时,对18种由不同配方配制成的幼虫人工饲料饲养橘小实蝇、瓜实蝇和南亚果实蝇B.tau(Walker)的效果进行了比较。结果表明,玉米和麦麸作为饲料的介质优于麦片和麦麸。橘小实蝇幼虫人工饲料的优化配方为:玉米+麦麸(125 g+25 g),蔗糖25 g,啤酒酵母25 g,对羟基苯甲酸甲酯0.9 g,1 mol/L盐酸4 mL,纸巾4 g,自来水300 mL;用其幼虫人工饲料饲养该虫的生物学参数包括子代孵化率、化蛹率、羽化率和平均蛹重分别为81.17%±0.05%,96.41%±0.02%,94.85%±0.01%与(19.40±0.08)mg。而瓜实蝇和南亚果实蝇幼虫人工饲料的优化配方为:玉米+麦麸(100 g+50 g),蔗糖30 g,啤酒酵母25 g,以及一定量的其他组分(同上);用其饲料饲养这2种果实蝇的相关参数:子代孵化率、化蛹率、羽化率和平均蛹重分别为78.50%±0.04%与76.96%±0.12%,95.73%±0.03%与94.69%±0.02%,94.57%±0.02%与95.82%±0.03%,(18.62±0.23)mg与(22.83±1.38)mg。试验证实,优化后的成、幼虫人工饲料具有饲养效果好、方法简便,配方材料来源广泛和价格低廉等优点,可用于室内人工大量饲养上述3种果实蝇属害虫。     

益生真菌在橘小实蝇规模化扩繁中的应用潜力

【目的】葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母Hanseniaspora uvarum是存在于橘小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis肠道的共生有益真菌,本研究通过改变饲料中酵母浸粉、麦麸和H. uvarum菌液的配比,筛选获得最优的橘小实蝇幼虫的饲料配方,为橘小实蝇规模化扩繁提供理论基础。【方法】利用响应面法（Responsesurface methodology,RSM）设计人工饲料中酵母浸粉、麦麸与H.uvarum的配比,统计取食不同配比的饲料后橘小实蝇幼虫的发育历期、蛹重和成虫羽化率,并计算每种饲料配方的成本;根据实验结果进行配方优化,预测取食最优配方饲料幼虫的发育历期、蛹重、成虫羽化率以及成本节约的百分比,同时,采用预测的最优饲料配方饲喂幼虫,统计取食最优饲料配方幼虫的发育历期、蛹重以及成虫羽化率,验证优化模型下的预测值与试验结果的相符性。【结果】饲料中酵母浸粉、麦麸和H.uvarum成分之间的拮抗或协同作用显著影响幼虫的发育历期、蛹重和成虫羽化率(P <0.000 1)。在饲料中添加H. uvarum菌液,可以减少酵母浸粉的添加量,并降低饲养成本。通过响应面法模型预测,获得最优的橘小实蝇饲料配方比例：每份人工饲料（375 g）包括酵母浸粉3.13 g、麦麸87.45 g、H. uvarum菌液4.42 g、玉米粉40 g、蔗糖40 g及水200mL。与传统饲料费用相比,每份人工饲料可节省成本2.35元,三组分（酵母浸粉、麦麸和H.uvarum菌液）的成本节约百分比为74.35%。采用最优饲料配方饲喂的幼虫发育历期为8.76 d,比预测值缩短了0.8 d,蛹重为13.85mg,羽化率为93.76%,与预测值没有显著性差异。【结论】响应面法设计优化饲料配方具有一定的可靠性,葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母H. uvarum在橘小实蝇的规模化扩繁中具有一定的应用潜力。     

6种寄主果实对南瓜实蝇和瓜实蝇产卵选择 及其子代发育的影响

为探讨南瓜实蝇和瓜实蝇对不同寄主的产卵选择性及其与子代生长发育的关联度,采用生态测定方法,研究2种实蝇对南瓜、黄瓜、姜柄瓜、西葫芦、丝瓜和苦瓜6种寄主果实的产卵选择以及幼虫取食6种寄主后对其生长发育的影响。在产卵选择性试验中,2种实蝇对6种寄主的产卵选择性较为一致,均偏向于在丝瓜和黄瓜上产卵。在非产卵选择性试验中,南瓜实蝇在黄瓜和姜柄瓜上的产卵量较多;瓜实蝇在丝瓜和姜柄瓜上的产卵量较多;2种实蝇都对姜柄瓜有一定的偏好。在气味诱导的产卵选择性试验中,南瓜实蝇在姜柄瓜和黄瓜上的产卵量较多;瓜实蝇在黄瓜和丝瓜上的产卵量较多;2种实蝇都对黄瓜气味有一定的偏好;且南瓜实蝇和瓜实蝇都不偏好在苦瓜上产卵。南瓜实蝇分别取食黄瓜、苦瓜时,其幼虫期、蛹期较短;取食姜柄瓜时,蛹重最大;分别取食南瓜和黄瓜时的化蛹率、羽化率最高。瓜实蝇取食西葫芦时,幼虫期较短;取食丝瓜时,蛹期较短,且蛹重最大;分别取食黄瓜和南瓜时的化蛹率、羽化率最高。南瓜实蝇和瓜实蝇对不同寄主果实的产卵选择性均存在明显差异,寄主外部物理性状对实蝇的产卵选择有显著影响,2种实蝇对6种寄主果实产卵选择性和幼虫生长发育适应性的相关性不显著。     

沙棘木蠹蛾的人工饲养

采用A、B和C 3种饲料饲养沙棘木蠹蛾Holcocerushippophaecolus,A饲料成分为水、玉米粉、豆粉、蔗糖、琼脂、酵母粉、山梨酸钾、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯 ;B饲料成分为水、玉米粉、豆粉、琼脂、酵母粉、抗坏血酸、苯甲酸钠 ;C饲料成分为大豆粉、沙棘木粉、蔗糖、琼脂、维生素混合液、酵母浸粉、抗坏血酸、防腐剂混合液、无机盐。其中 ,B饲料防腐能力较差 ,饲养 1 2周后放弃。A和C 2种饲料能使沙棘木蠹蛾幼虫体重持续增长 ,饲养前期A饲料平均体重增量是C饲料的 1 6倍 ,A和C 2种饲料化蛹率分别为83. 3 %和 66. 7% ,羽化率分别为 3 0 % ,1. 6 7%。选择在沙土中结茧化蛹 ,能显著提高饲养成功率。     

稻纵卷叶螟人工饲料配方的优化研究

应用二次正交旋转组合设计对稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée人工饲料的配方进行了优化,以化蛹率为目标函数建立了二次回归模型,结果表明稻叶粉、麦胚粉、玉米粉、干酪素、酵母对稻纵卷叶螟幼虫发育与化蛹率影响较大,大豆粉的影响不明显。通过统计寻优获得的优化配方为:每135 g人工饲料中,稻叶粉3 g、麦胚粉8 g、玉米粉4 g、干酪素4 g、酵母粉4 g。在温度27℃,相对湿度80%左右,光照L∶D=16∶8的条件下,使用该优化配方饲养稻纵卷叶螟,25.6%的供试初孵幼虫能完成幼虫发育并化蛹,幼虫期平均26.9 d,蛹重16²2mg。与以前的研究结果比较,化蛹率与蛹重均有显著提高,而幼虫历期略短。     

沙棘绕实蝇成虫和幼虫人工饲料研究

【目的】本研究建立了沙棘绕实蝇Rhagoletis batava Hering实验种群,为该实蝇生物防治工作奠定基础。【方法】以蜂蜜、蔗糖、酵母膏等为原料,按照不同配比配成饲料,饲养沙棘绕实蝇成虫,观察其对成虫性成熟、交配产卵以及寿命的影响。此外,在室内条件(25.00±2.50)℃,光照周期为15L:9D,相对湿度65.00%±5.00%,以蔗糖、酵母膏、麦麸、沙棘果汁(果酱)等为原料,按照不同配比配成饲料,饲养沙棘绕实蝇幼虫,观察其对幼虫历期+化蛹历期、化蛹率及蛹特性的影响。【结果】4种不同配比的饲料对成虫性成熟、交配时间、产卵痕数量和雌雄成虫寿命有显著影响;其中配方D饲养的沙棘绕实蝇成虫性成熟历期、交配时间和产卵痕数量、雌雄成虫寿命分别为(1.78±0.09)d、(4.15±0.03)h、(4.52±0.17)个、(15.47±0.77)d和(15.15±0.79)d,与配方A、B、C均有极显著性差异(P0.01)。幼虫半人工饲料最佳配方为配方C,其化蛹率、幼虫历期+化蛹历期、蛹长、蛹宽、蛹重分别为50.00%±2.89%、(7.20±0.16)d、(4.74±0.03)mm、(2.45±0.24)mm、(7.21±0.11)mg;全人工饲料最佳配方为配方C,其化蛹率、幼虫历期+化蛹历期、蛹长、蛹宽、蛹重分别为35.00%±7.64%、(5.38±0.18)d、(4.26±0.04)mm、(2.30±0.02)mm、(6.12±0.18)mg;果酱饲料最佳配方为配方C,其化蛹率、幼虫历期+化蛹历期、蛹长、蛹宽、蛹重分别为45.00%±2.89%、(7.11±0.16)d、(4.45±0.07)mm、(2.44±0.02)mm、(6.78±0.21)mg。【结论】沙棘绕实蝇成虫饲养最佳配方为酵母膏20 g、蜂蜜20 g、纯净水160 mL;幼虫半人工饲料最佳配方为蔗糖10 g、酵母膏15 g、麦麸30 g、沙棘果汁50 mL;幼虫全人工饲料最佳配方为蔗糖10 g、酵母膏15 g、麦麸30 g、纯净水50 mL;幼虫饲养最佳果泥饲料配方为沙棘果酱50 g、酵母膏3 g、尼泊尔金0.3 g。     

二次正交旋转回归设计在小菜蛾饲料配方筛选中的应用

应用二次正交旋转回归组合设计方法,筛选小菜蛾半合成人工饲料配方,以化蛹率为目标函数建立了二次回归模型,通过统计寻优获得的优化配方为:每100g人工饲料中,麦芽5g、蔗糖3.5g、菜叶粉5g、干酪素3g、螺旋藻0.75g。在温度24～26℃,相对湿度60%～70%,光照周期为13L∶11D的条件下,用该优化配方饲养小菜蛾,幼虫期8.45d,蛹期4.5d,初孵幼虫至成虫羽化的历期平均12.95d,化蛹率74.7%,羽化率94.9%,蛹重5.14mg/头,雌虫平均寿命9.5d,雄虫寿命13.5d,每雌产卵量135.67粒。与发芽菜苗饲养相比,存活率和发育速度无显著差异,蛹重和产卵量显著增加。该饲料价格低廉,配制和应用管理方便,饲养过程中不必更换饲料。     

桔小实蝇和番石榴实蝇幼虫取食阶段的种内竞争

种内竞争是实蝇的重要生态学特性。本文研究比较了近缘种桔小实蝇Bactrocera dorsalis(Hendel)和番石榴实蝇B.correcta(Bezzi)在幼虫人工饲料中种内竞争的密度效应。研究结果显示,桔小实蝇和番石榴实蝇都有密度过低效应,均表现出发育历期较长、蛹较轻和成活率较低;结合蛹重和成活率两个重要参数指标,明确了桔小实蝇和番石榴实蝇的最宜密度均在5-20头虫/10 g饲料;不同生长参数之间的变化均有一定的正负相关性。当种群密度超过最宜密度,桔小实蝇和番石榴实蝇均有明显的种内竞争现象,随着种群密度的升高,种内竞争越激烈。其主要表现为化蛹率和羽化率不断下降、幼虫历期逐渐缩短、蛹历期不断延长和蛹逐渐变小;当100头虫/10 g饲料时,桔小实蝇和番石榴实蝇成活率从86.00%±4.2688%和86.00%±4.1096%分别下降到60.08%±2.5166%和76.33%±2.2333%。桔小实蝇和番石榴实蝇的种内竞争的密度效应极具相似性,推测这两种实蝇有类似的种群调节机制,但番石榴实蝇的幼虫比桔小实蝇的拥有更强的抗拥挤能力。     

橘小实蝇幼虫液体人工饲料中pH值对其生长发育的影响

本文主要研究了橘小实蝇液体人工幼虫饲料中不同酸度对橘小实蝇生长发育的影响。继代饲养3代的结果表明：饲料酸度对橘小实蝇化蛹率和后代卵孵化率没有影响;对橘小实蝇蛹重、成虫羽化率和产卵量有显著影响。橘小实蝇液体人工幼虫饲料的pH值调节至3.6时仍可以获得质量较高的橘小实蝇。     

用正交试验法优选二化螟人工饲料配方

采用15因子2水平正交试验,优选出1种二化螟Chilo suppressalis(Walker)人工饲料配方,筛选出影响二化螟发育的5个关键因子,分别是稻茎粉、麦芽粉、稻糠粉、酵母粉和蔗糖。其中稻茎粉、麦芽粉、酵母粉和稻糠粉影响二化螟的幼虫成活率,蔗糖和麦芽粉影响二化螟的幼虫历期,稻茎粉影响二化螟的蛹重。     

二化螟人工饲料关键因子的优化及其优化配方的饲养效果

采用5因子4水平正交试验,将作者在以前筛选出的二化螟Chilosuppressalis(Walker)人工饲料的5个关键因子进行了进一步的优化,并得出了二化螟人工饲料的优化配方,其成分如下:稻茎粉18.75g、大豆粉15.00g、麦芽粉15.00g、稻糠粉6.25g、茭白茎粉7.50g、干酪素10.00g、酵母粉18.75g、纤维素7.50g、蔗糖15.00g、葡萄糖7.50g、维生素C7.50g、复合维生素B3.00g、胆固醇0.375g、氯化胆碱0.25g、Beck氏盐2.50g、山梨酸1.35g、琼脂13.49g和自来水809.25g。通过连续3代继代饲养试验,比较了该优化配方和二化螟天然饲料水稻茎的饲养效果。结果表明,在一些关键指标上(如存活率、化蛹率和羽化率等),所优化的二化螟人工饲料配方的饲养效果明显的好于其天然饲料水稻茎的;而在许多其它的指标上(如蛹期、成虫期、产卵量、卵期和孵化率等),该优化配方对二化螟的饲养效果与水稻茎的相当;但该配方饲养的二化螟在第3代时幼虫历期明显的比水稻茎的有所延长。     

响应曲面法优化灵芝廉价型深层发酵培养基的研究

为了获得生产用廉价型灵芝发酵培养基,采用中心组合旋转设计法和响应曲面法对低成本培养基组分进行了优化。优化的四个组分为玉米粉(x1)、麸皮粉(x2)、豆饼粉(x3)和蔗糖(x4)。结果表明,灵芝菌体发酵和多糖发酵的培养基预测模型分别为:Y1=15.1–0.31x1–0.34x2+0.36x3–0.44x4–1.26x12–1.98x22–0.85x32–1.15x42–0.59x2x3和Y2=2.0–0.08x1–0.08x2+0.04x3–0.09x4–1.13x12–0.33x22–0.08x32–0.16x42–0.16x2x3–0.10x1x4。从中获得菌体发酵的最优配方为:玉米粉19.7g/L,麸皮粉11.3g/L,豆饼粉6.3g/L,蔗糖19.5g/L;多糖发酵的最优配方为:玉米粉19.6g/L,麸皮粉11.0g/L,豆饼粉6.7g/L,蔗糖19.1g/L。150L发酵罐中试放大结果表明,灵芝菌体的产量为16.92g/L,多糖产量为1.86g/L。所得培养基为灵芝产品的高效低成本生产提供了基础。     

Production of mycelial biomass and exo-polymer by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hericium erinaceus</Emphasis> CZ-2: Optimization of nutrients levels using response surface methodology

The Doehlert experimental design was used to optimize the production of mycelial biomass and exopolymer from Hericium erinaceus CZ-2 in this study. Statistical analysis showed that the linear and quadric terms of 3 variables: corn flour, yeast extract, and corn steep liquor had significant effects. The optimized combination of these 3 variables was confirmed through validation experiments. The optimal conditions for higher production of mycelial biomass (19.92 g/L) were estimated when the media composition concentrations were set as: 30.85 g/L, corn flour; 2.81 g/L, yeast extract; 16.9 mL/L, corn steep liquor; 10 g/L, glucose; 1 g/L, KH₂PO₄; and 0.5 g/L, MgSO₄·7H₂O; while a maximal exo-polymer yield (1.653 g/L) could be achieved when setting concentrations of: 32.71 g/L, corn flour; 2.35 g/L, Yeast extract; 14.42 mL/L, Corn steep liquor; 10 g/L, glucose; 1 g/L, KH₂PO₄; and 0.5 g/L, MgSO₄·7H₂O. The upscale production was also investigated using a 15 L fermentor using the optimized medium.     

Medium optimization for the production of thermal stable beta-glucanase by Bacillus subtilis ZJF-1A5 using response surface methodology

Polysaccharides, such as barley flour, dextrin and soluble starch, were better carbon sources than monosaccharides and disaccharides, such as glucose and maltose, for cell growth of Bacillus subtilis ZJF-1A5 and beta-glucanase production. beta-Glucanase produced by B. subtilis ZJF-1A5 was associated partially with cell growth and increased significantly when cells entered stationary phase; yeast extract was the best nitrogen source, followed by soybean flour. All inorganic nitrogen sources chosen in the experiments were not favorable for cell growth and enzyme production. A fractional factorial design (2(6-2)) was applied to elucidate medium components that significantly affect beta-glucanase production. The concentration of barley flour, corn flour and soybean flour in medium were significant factors. The steepest ascent method was used to locate the optimal domain and a central composite design was used to estimate the quadratic response surface from which the factor levels for maximum production of beta-glucanase were determined. The composition of fermentation medium optimized with response surface methodology was (g/l): barley flour, 63.5; corn flour, 44.8; KH2PO4, 1.0; MgSO4 x 7H2O, 0.1; CaCl2, 0.1. beta-Glucanase activity was 251 U/ml at 48 h using optimized medium, 1.4 times higher than that in original medium.     

Optimization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Verticillium lecanii</Emphasis> spore production in solid-state fermentation on sugarcane bagasse

Verticillium lecanii is an entomopathogen with high potential in biological control of pests. We developed a solid-state fermentation with sugarcane bagasse as carrier absorbing liquid medium to propagate V. lecanii spores. Using statistical experimental design, we optimized the medium composition for spore production. We first used one-factor-at-a-time design to identify corn flour and yeast extract as the best carbon and nitrogen sources for the spore production of V. lecanii. Then, we used two-level fractional factorial design to confirm corn flour, yeast extract, and KH₂PO₄ as important factors significantly affecting V. lecanii spore production. Finally, we optimized these selected variables using a central composite design and response surface method. The optimal medium composition was (grams per liter): corn flour 35.79, yeast 8.69, KH₂PO₄ 1.63, K₂HPO₄ 0.325, and MgSO₄ 0.325. Under optimal conditions, spore production reached 1.1 × 10¹⁰ spores/g dried carrier, much higher than that on wheat bran (1.7 × 10⁹ spores/g initial dry matter).     

Screening and optimization of nutritional factors for higher dextransucrase production by Leuconostocmesenteroides NRRL B-640 using statistical approach

To improve dextransucrase production from Leuconostocmesenteroides NRRL B-640 culture medium was screened and optimized using the statistical design techniques of Plackett-Burman and response surface methodology (RSM). Plackett-Burman design with six variables viz. sucrose, yeast extract, K2HPO4, peptone, beef extract and Tween 80 was performed to screen the nutrients that were significantly affecting dextransucrase production. The variables sucrose, K2HPO4, yeast extract and beef extract showed above 90% confidence levels for dextransucrase production and were considered as significant factors for optimization using response surface methodology. 2(4)-central composite design was used for RSM optimization. The experimental results were fitted to a second-order polynomial model which gave a coefficient of determination R2=0.95. The optimized composition of 30g/l sucrose, 18.9g/l yeast extract, 19.4g/l K2HPO4 and 15g/l beef extract gave an experimental value of dextransucrase activity of 10.7U/ml which corresponded well with the predicted value of 10.9U/ml by the model.     

枯草芽孢杆菌B47菌株高产抗菌物质的培养基及发酵条件优化

枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis B47菌株为番茄内生细菌, 也是玉米小斑病拮抗菌, 能产生对玉米小斑病菌有强烈抑制作用的抗菌物质。以B47菌株发酵液的无菌滤液对玉米小斑病菌的抗菌活性为检测指标, 测定B47菌株产抗菌物质培养所需的最佳碳、氮源和无机盐, 并通过正交试验法对该菌株产抗菌物质的培养基配方和摇瓶发酵条件进行优化。研究结果表明, B47菌株产抗菌物质最佳碳、氮源和无机盐分别为蔗糖、酵母浸膏和MgSO4·7H2O, 最优培养基是YSB (Yeast extract-sucrose-beef extract)培养基, 其配方为: 蔗糖2%, 酵母浸膏2%, 牛肉浸膏1.5%, MgSO4?7H2O 0.06%, FeSO4·7H2O 0.000 9%, 最优发酵条件组合为: 30 °C, pH 7.0, 170 r/min摇床培养6 d, 接种量为1%, 装液量为40 mL/200 mL。     

Alteration of the growth rate and lag time of Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL-B523.

Bacterial profile modification is an important enhanced oil recovery technique used to direct injected water into a reservoir's low permeability zone containing trapped crude oil. During water flooding, the use of bacteria to plug the high permeability water zone and divert flow into the oil-bearing low-permeability zone will have a significant economic impact. However, during the field implementation of bacterial profile modification, the rapid growth of bacteria near the injection well bore may hinder the subsequent injection of growth media so that profile modification of the reservoir occurs only in the immediate vicinity of the well bore. By slowing the growth rate and prolonging the lag phase, the onset of pore-space plugging may be delayed and the biologically active zone extended deep into the reservoir. High substrate loading, high pH values, and the addition of the growth inhibitors sodium dodecylsulfate and sodium benzoate have been used in combination to alter the growth characteristics of Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL-B523 grown in batch conditions. The highest sucrose concentration used in these studies, 500 g/L, produced lag times 12-fold greater than the slowest lag times achieved at low sucrose concentrations. When L. mesenteroides was grown in media containing 500 g/L sucrose, an alkaline pH value threshold was found above which bacteria did not grow. At this threshold pH value of 8.1, an average lag time of 200 h was observed. Increasing the concentration of sodium benzoate had no effect on lag time, but reduced the growth rate until the threshold concentration of 0.6%, above which bacteria did not grow. Last, it was found that a solution of 0.075 mM sodium dodecylsulfate in media containing 15 g/L sucrose completely inhibited bacterial growth.     

Lactic acid production from agricultural resources as cheap raw materials

Agricultural resources such as barley, wheat, and corn were hydrolyzed by commercial amylolytic enzymes and fermented into lactic acid by Enterococcus faecalis RKY1. Although no additional nutrients were supplemented to those resources, lactic acid productivities were obtained at >0.8 g/l h from barley and wheat. When 200 g/l of whole wheat flour was hydrolyzed by amylolytic enzymes after the pre-treatment with 0.3% (v/v) sulfuric acid and sterilized by filtration, E. faecalis RKY1 efficiently produced lactic acid with 2.6 g/l h of lactic acid productivity and 5.90 g/l of maximal dry cell weight without additional nutrients. Lactic acid productivity and cell growth could be enhanced to 31% and 12% higher values than those of non-adapted RKY1, by adaptation of E. faecalis RKY1 to CSL-based medium. When the medium contained 200 g/l of whole wheat flour hydrolyzate, 15 g/l of corn steep liquor, and 1.5 g/l of yeast extract, lactic acid productivity and maximal dry cell weight were obtained at 5.36 g/l h and 14.08 g/l, respectively. This result represented an improvement of up to 106% of lactic acid productivity and 138% of maximal dry cell weight in comparison to the fermentation from whole wheat flour hydrolyzate only.