中国菊科一新归化属——软金菀属

文章报道了发现于南昌的中国菊科植物一新归化属种——软金菀属(Bradburia Torr.&A.Gray)和柔毛软金菀(新拟)[B.pilosa(Nutt.) Semple]。基于核基因(ITS)构建的系统发育树确定了软金菀属的系统发育位置,即与金菀属[Chrysopsis(Nuttall) Elliot]互为近缘属。与金菀属相比,该属的主要特征为茎具柔毛或糙毛,基生叶具柄或近无柄,头状花序单生。柔毛软金菀与该属其他种相比,主要特征为植株密被柔毛,基生叶宿存且近无柄,舌状花和管状花均具2层冠毛且内层冠毛的长度是外层冠毛的5~10倍。该种最初于2015年在南昌市昌北机场出现,可能由临时经停此处的北美一航班携带而来,2022年底已经扩散到15 km外的经济技术开发区,呈现明显入侵态势。     

国产狗娃花属植物的花粉形态研究

利用光镜,扫描电镜对狗娃花属（Heteropappus)7种植物的花粉形态和结构进行了观察研究。发现该属植物花粉粒为近球形或长球形,3孔沟,具刺状纹饰,种间花粉差异主要表现在大小,形状和外壁纹饰细微变化等方面,该属花粉与紫菀属（Aster)和乳菀属（Ca-latella)的相似。表明它们有密切的亲缘关系。     

中国尾孢菌属及其近似属的研究IX.

钉孢属的2个新种和1个新组合：生于参薯Dioscorea alata和毛胶薯蓣Dioscorea subcalva上的毛胶薯蓣钉孢Passalora dioscoreae-subcalvae,生于薯蓣属Dioscorea sp.上的薯蓣生钉孢Passalora dioscoreiicola,和生于山麦冬Liriope spicata和沿阶草属Ophiopogon sp.上的麦冬钉孢Passalora liriopes。研究的标本保存在中国科学院微生物研究所菌物标本馆（HMAS）。     

俞藤属—葡萄科一新属

作者在研究中国葡萄科植物过程中发现分布于中国亚热带、尼泊尔和印度卡西山区一些植物种自成一类,与葡萄科现有属的定义不符,命名为一新属-愈藤属（YuaC.L.Li)。文中讨论了它与爬山虎属（Parthenocissus Planch.)、崖爬藤属（TetrastigmaPlanch.)、乌蔹莓属（CayratiaJuss.)和蛇葡萄属（Ampelopsis Michx.)的区别,并在野外和栽培条件下观察了某些重要属级鉴定性状在个体发育过程中的表现,以证明其可靠。为了正确鉴定这个属和种类,给出了包括这些属在内的国产葡萄科植物分属检索表和该属的分种检索表,最后,讨论了俞藤属的地理分布及其意义。     

中国地衣新记录属—小腊肠衣属

在进行《中国地衣志》的编写中，作者从采自我国新疆阿尔泰山龛内期湖附近的地衣标本另发现了北极小腊肠庆（Ｂｒｏｄｏａ ｏｒｏａｒｃｔｉｃａ（Ｋｒｏｇ）Ｇｏｗａｒｄ）（茶渍目，子囊菌门）。小腊肠衣属（Ｂｒｏｄｏａ Ｇｏｗａｒｄ）是中国新记录属，因而，也是中国地衣区系中已知的第２３４个属。本文对于该属、种在形态学、结构学、化学及地理分布等方面进行了描述与讨论。对于它和邻近属的区别也做了简要的对比。     

白芥属：青海一新归化属

报道中国青藏高原青海省发现的十字花科（Cruciferae）一个新归化属白芥属（Sinapis L.）。白芥Sinapis alba L.为一年生草本,国内多做引种栽培,青海尚未见报道。人为传播可能是白芥进入青海的主要原因。该植物具有一定的经济和药用价值,且在西宁野外高海拔生境下生长良好,可考虑引种栽培;同时应防止其向野外扩散,以防影响当地植被情况。     

中国丛本藓属的订正

研究了我国南北各地的丛本藓属标本３２６号,借阅了美国纽约植物标本馆（ＮＹ）,芬兰赫尔辛基大学标本馆（Ｈ）及日本服部植物研究所标本馆（ＮＩＣＨ）的有关本属藓类各种的原模式标本（Ｈｏｌｏｔｙｐｅ）等模式标本（Ｓｙｎｔｙｐｅ）及后选模式（Ｌｅｃｔｏｔｙｐｅ）,据模式特征,重新订正了本属各种及中国各地标本,将原定名为绿丛本藓（Ａｎｏｅｃｔａｎｇｉｕｍｅｕｃｈｌｏｒｏｎ（Ｓｃｈｗａｅｇｒ．）Ｍｉｔｔ）改为丛     

山茶科核果茶属、石笔木属和拟核果茶属的分类学位置

从形态学、胚胎学、孢粉学和解剖学４方面探讨了核果茶属（ＰｙｒｅｎａｒｉａＢｌ．）、石笔木属（ＴｕｌｃｈｅｒｉａＤｕｎｎ）和拟核果茶属（ＰａｒａｐｙｒｅｎａｒｉａＨ．Ｔ．Ｃｈａｎｇ）的分类学问题,３属在形态上的主要差异具有连续性而难以断开,大小孢子和雌雄配子体的发生过程高度相似,均具有皱波状至皱网状的花粉外壁纹饰和大头茶型（Ｇｏｒｄｏｎｉａｅｅｏｕｓ－Ｔｙｐｅ）气孔器,几方面的资料提示,核果茶属、石笔术属和拟核果茶属是一个不可分割的自然类群,从而以新的证据支持或主张将上述３属合并成１属。     

新疆的刺球座属、穴壳属及普氏腔孢属

本文报道了新疆腔菌纲座囊菌目刺球座属（Ｌａｓｉｏｂｏｔｒｙｓ）、穴壳属（Ｄｏｔｈｉｏｒａ）和普氏腔孢属（Ｐｌｏｗｒｉｇｈｔｉａ）的六种子囊菌,即：忍冬刺球座菌（Ｌ．ｌｏｎｉｃｅｒａｅ）、花揪穴壳菌（Ｄ．ｓｏｒｂｉ）及其无性阶段花揪疡壳孢（Ｄｏｔｈｉｃｈｉｚａ ｓｏｒｂｉ）、茶Ｂｉａｏ子普氏腔孢菌（Ｐ．ｒｉｂｅｓｉａ）、小檗普氏腔孢菌（Ｐ．ｂｅｒｂｅｒｉｄｉｓ）、沙棘普氏腔孢菌（Ｐ．ｈｉｐｐｏｐｈａ     

中国地衣新记录属─小腊肠衣属(英文)

在进行《中国地衣志》的编写中,作者从采自我国新疆阿尔泰山哈纳斯湖附近的地衣标本中发现了北极小腊肠衣［Ｂｒｏｄｏａｏｒｏａｒｃｔｉｃａ（Ｋｒｏｇ）Ｇｏｗａｒｄ］（茶渍目,子囊菌门）。小腊肠衣属（ＢｒｏｄｏａＧｏｗａｒｄ）是中国新记录属,因而,也是中国地衣区系中已知的第２３４个属。本文对于该属、种在形态学、结构学、化学及地理分布等方面进行了描述与讨论。对于它和邻近属的区别也做了简要的对比。     

THE FEMALE GAMETOPHYTE OF THREE SPECIES OF GRINDELIA AND OF PRIONOPSIS CILIATA (COMPOSITAE)

In the four species studied, Grindelia stricta ssp. blakei, G. arizonica, G. lanceolata, and Prionopsis ciliata (Haplopappus ciliatus), the female gametophyte develops according to the Polygonum (normal) type from the chalazal megaspore of a row of four. In most cases only two antipodal cells are formed, the micropylar one originally containing two nuclei. The number of nuclei increases in both cells; one or both antipodal cells typically grow laterally into the integument, often extending to near the surface of the ovule. This resembles the condition previously reported in Grindelia squarrosa. Since the four species of Grindelia have similar antipodal outgrowths, such outgrowths may be considered typical for this genus. The fact that Prionopsis resembles Grindelia in regard to outgrowths from the antipodal cells and differs in this respect from typical Haplopappus helps to justify its separation from Haplopappus, and perhaps its suggested merger with Grindelia.     

Grindelia camporum: Potential cash crop for the arid southwest

Grindelia camporum is a conspicuously resinous, herbaceous perennial found in the Central Valley area of California. The resin is produced in multicellular glands, which occur on the surfaces of stems, leaves, and involucres. The resin is composed of grindelic acid and several of its derivatives. These labdane diterpenes are similar to the resin acids that constitute rosin, a principal product of the naval stores industry, and it seems likely that resin extracted from Grindelia would have uses similar to those of rosin. If improved varieties of Grindelia camporum can be developed that yield a higher proportion of resin, this species would be suitable for domestication as a new crop for arid lands.     

Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources database 1 January 2009-30 April 2009

This article documents the addition of 283 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Agalinis acuta; Ambrosia artemisiifolia; Berula erecta; Casuarius casuarius; Cercospora zeae-maydis; Chorthippus parallelus; Conyza canadensis; Cotesia sesamiae; Epinephelus acanthistius; Ficedula hypoleuca; Grindelia hirsutula; Guadua angustifolia; Leucadendron rubrum; Maritrema novaezealandensis; Meretrix meretrix; Nilaparvata lugens; Oxyeleotris marmoratus; Phoxinus neogaeus; Pristomyrmex punctatus; Pseudobagrus brevicorpus; Seiridium cardinale; Stenopsyche marmorata; Tetranychus evansi and Xerus inauris. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Agalinis decemloba; Agalinis tenella; Agalinis obtusifolia; Agalinis setacea; Agalinis skinneriana; Cercospora zeina; Cercospora kikuchii; Cercospora sorghi; Mycosphaerella graminicola; Setosphaeria turcica; Magnaporthe oryzae; Cotesia flavipes; Cotesia marginiventris; Grindelia Xpaludosa; Grindelia chiloensis; Grindelia fastigiata; Grindelia lanceolata; Grindelia squarrosa; Leucadendron coniferum; Leucadendron salicifolium; Leucadendron tinctum; Leucadendron meridianum; Laodelphax striatellus; Sogatella furcifera; Phoxinus eos; Phoxinus rigidus; Phoxinus brevispinosus; Phoxinus bicolor; Tetranychus urticae; Tetranychus turkestani; Tetranychus ludeni; Tetranychus neocaledonicus; Tetranychus amicus; Amphitetranychus viennensis; Eotetranychus rubiphilus; Eotetranychus tiliarium; Oligonychus perseae; Panonychus citri; Bryobia rubrioculus; Schizonobia bundi; Petrobia harti; Xerus princeps; Spermophilus tridecemlineatus and Sciurus carolinensis.     

Discovery of the rare genus Blacometeorus Tobias, 1976 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Blacinae) in the Oriental part of China, with description of a new species

The rare genus Blacometeorus Tobias, 1976 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Blacinae)is discovered in Yunnan, China, and a new species, Blacometeorus sinicus Chai & Chen, sp. n. is described and illustrated. It represents the first record of this genus both for China and Oriental region. A key to genus Blacometeorus is updated.     

Grindelane diterpenoids from grindelia squarrosa and G. Camporum

An acid fraction of the dichloromethane extract of Grindelia squarrosa and a neutral fraction of the ethyl acetate extract of Grindelia camporum yielded a number of previously known grindelane diterpenoids and flavonoids. Along with the known isolates, two new grindelane diterpenoids, 13-isogrindelic acid and 17-grindeloxy grindelic acid, from G. squarrosa were isolated and identified spectroscopically.     

中国新纪录属——宽盾叶蝉属及一新种记述(半翅目,叶蝉科,片角叶蝉亚科)

报道中国片角叶蝉亚科1新纪录属——宽盾叶蝉属Chunra Distant,1908,并记述1新种,网斑宽盾叶蝉C.quadrispinosa sp.nov.。新种区别于属内其它种的特征在于:阳茎近末端略膨大,亚端部着生2对刺突;阳基侧突向端部渐变狭窄,末端尖,无刚毛。模式标本保存于内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院。     

中国广东省扁角蚱属一新种(直翅目,蚱总科,扁角蚱科)(英文)

记述扁角蚱属9种,包括采自广东省南岭地区1新种,即黑胫扁角蚱Flatocerus nigritibialis sp.nov.,附有分种检索表,新种的模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所。黑胫扁角蚱,新种Flatocerus nigritibialis sp.nov.(图1~3)新种近似于武夷山扁角蚱Flatocerus wuyishanensis Zheng,1991,主要区别为:1)头顶宽为1眼宽的1.25倍;2)前胸背板后突到达后足股节顶端;3)雌性下生殖板后缘中央钝角形突出;4)后足股节下侧外面黑色;5)后足胫节黑色。新种也近似于赤水扁角蚱Flatocerus chichuiensis Zhenget Shi,2006,主要区别为:1)沟前区缺侧隆线;2)后翅到达后足股节顶端;3)雌性下生殖板后缘中央钝角形突出。正模♀,副模1♀,广东省乳源(南岭国家森林公园),海拔800m,2010-08-24,白义采。词源:新种种名以拉丁词nigr黑及tibia胫节为名。     

中国菊科泽兰族的一个新归化属——裸冠菊属

报道了在华南地区广西发现的菊科Asteraceae泽兰族EuPatorieae一个新归化属——裸冠菊属GymnDcDmnis DC．。它在形态上接近于下田菊属Adenostemma J．R．Forst．＆G.Forst．,但区别在于裸冠菊属无冠毛。依据在中国所采集的标本详细描述了该属在中国的唯一代表种裸冠菊Gymnocoronis spilanthoides （D．Don ex Hook．＆Arn.）DC．的形态特征,并讨论了其地理分布和进入中国的可能途径。     

The effect of solar UV-B radiation on terpenes and biomass production in Grindelia chiloensis (Asteraceae), a woody perennial of Patagonia,Argentina

UV-B radiation is absorbed effectively by nucleic acids and other sensitive targets, potentially causing harmful photochemical effects. Protection against UV-B radiation may be afforded by flavonoids and other phenolics, which absorb strongly in the UV region, but little is known about the role played by other compounds, such as terpenes. Grindelia chiloensis, native of Patagonia (Argentina), can accumulate as much as 25% resin (terpenes) in its leaves. The present investigation was carried out to test the effect of solar UV-B radiation on the allocation of photoassimilates to biomass and terpenes. Exposure to UV-B radiation reduced whole plant biomass, plant height and leaf area, and increased leaf thickness and resin accumulation in Grindelia chiloensis. Higher absorbance was found for refined resin in the UV-B waveband from plants grown under solar UV-B radiation than plants without UV-B radiation. These chemical and structural changes could protect the plant from UV radiation, and may help elucidate the importance of epicuticular resins for a species as G. chiloensis native to an environment with maximum daily integrated values of solar UV-B irradiance.