中国隔距兰属(兰科)一新记录(英文)

隔距兰属(Cleisostoma Bl.)是兰科植物中较大的一个属,约有100种,广泛分布于热带、亚热带地区。中国约有16种,其中4种为特有。该文报道了该属一中国新记录——二齿叶隔距兰[Cleisostoma aspersum(Rchb.f.)Garay],并提供描述和照片,目前该种仅见于云南。与近缘种类相比,本种具有以下鉴别特征:叶齿状二裂;唇瓣中裂片肥厚,前缘钝;蕊喙圆锥状,先端歪斜;药帽喙状等。在花部形态上,该种与Cleisostoma discolor Lindl.相似,然而后者的唇瓣中裂片明显较薄,匙状方形,并且具有啮齿状边缘,易于区别。     

三种湿地植物的生长及根系溶解性有机碳分泌物研究

研究了美人蕉(Canna indica Linn.)、风车草(Cyperus flabelliformis Rottb.)和水鬼蕉(Hymenocallis littoralis (Jack) Salisb.)3种湿地植物在人工气候室水培条件下的根系溶解性有机碳分泌物分泌量及其与生长的关系.结果表明,风车草和美人蕉的植...     

短多穗扁莎（莎草科）的合格发表

合格发表莎草科-新变种-短多穗扁莎草Pycreus polystachyos(Rottb.)P.Beaiv.var.brevispiculatus How ex Y F.Deng.该变种与原变种Pcreus polystachyos(Rottb.)P.Beauv.vat.polystachyos的区别在于秆高8～15 cm,辐射枝极短或近无,小穗多数,簇生成头状,长4～7 mm,具6～14朵花,鳞片褐色或黄褐色.     

溪黄草药材4种基原植物的UPLC特征图谱鉴别研究CSCD

本研究采用UPLC法建立适用于鉴别溪黄草药材4种基原植物溪黄草Rabdosia serra(Maxim.)H.Hara、线纹香茶菜Rabdosia lophanthoides(Buch.-Ham.ex D.Don)H.Hara、纤花香茶菜Rabdosia lophanthoides var.graciliflora(Benth.)H.Hara和长叶香茶菜Rabdosia stracheyi(Benth.ex Hook.f.)Hara的特征图谱,并结合特征图谱的相似度评价、聚类分析(cluster analysis,CA)、主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)以及正交偏最小二乘法判别分析(orthogonal partial least squares-discriminate analysis,OPLS-DA)对4种基原植物的共有成分与差异性成分进行研究。从溪黄草、线纹香茶菜、纤花香茶菜和长叶香茶菜的特征图谱中分别标定了19、24、26、21个特征峰。除溪黄草外,其他3种基原植物各自样品的相似度较高;但是不同基原植物之间的相似度具有一定的差异性。通过CA、PCA可将溪黄草与其他3种基原植物明显区分,通过OPLS-DA可将线纹香茶菜、纤花香茶菜和长叶香茶菜区分。该研究建立的UPLC特征图谱结合化学计量学方法较全面地反映了溪黄草药材4种基原植物的化学成分,方法简便快速、专属性强,可为溪黄草药材的基原鉴别和质量分析与评价提供参考。     

大花沼兰，中国兰科一新记录种

报道了产自中国云南的兰科(Orchidaceae)沼兰属(Crepidium)一新记录种:大花沼兰(Crepidium josephianum (Rchb. f.) Marg.),对该种的形态特征进行了描述并提供了彩色照片。大花沼兰与凹唇沼兰(C. concavum(Seidenf.) Szlach.)形态相似,但前者花较大,中萼片向下反卷,唇瓣上的脊突低矮且为线状,与后者易于区别。     

元江芦荟与皂质芦荟的杂交育种及POD同工酶比较

以元江芦荟(AloeyuanjiangensisXiong,ZhengetLiu)和皂质芦荟(A.saponaria(Ait.)Haw.)为亲本进行了远缘有性杂交试验,获得了19株F1代植株。对F1代植株与亲本进行了外部形态比较;同时与亲本种及同属的华芦荟(中国芦荟)(A.chinensis(Haw.)Baker)和库拉索芦荟(A.veraL.)进行了过氧化物酶同工酶(POD)比较。其结果表明,F1代与亲本在外部形态上存在明显差异;POD同工酶酶谱显示,F1代与各个种间具有较高的相似程度,且各个种又具有各自特征酶带。这证实了F1是元江芦荟与皂质芦荟的杂种(A.yuanjiangensis×A.saponaria)。     

中国掌叶蝉属利叶蝉亚属分类研究(同翅目,叶蝉科,角顶叶蝉亚科)

对中国掌叶蝉属利叶蝉亚属进行了分类研究,我国现知4种,即横带掌叶蝉Handianus(Usuirontus)limbicosta (Jacobi)、双斑掌叶蝉H.(U.)limbfer(Matsumura)、冠斑掌叶蝉H.(U.)maculaticeps(Reuter)和条斑掌叶蝉H.(U.)ogikubonis(Matsumura),确认Usuironus quadrimaculatus Cai et Shen,1999是H.(U.)limbifer(Matsumura,1902)的新异名.文中提供了该亚属的鉴别特征和分种检索表、各种的地理分布、形态记述和特征图.     

小蜜蜂属Micrapis的研究(蜜蜂科Apidae)

小蜜蜂属Micrapis Ashmead隶属于蜜蜂族Apini本届包括两种,即Micrapis florea(Fabr.),Micrapis andreniformis(Sm.)过去仅有工蜂形态的记述,缺少雌、雄性标本及对比资料。现根据中国科学院动物所标本及云南蜜蜂所采自云南各地此两种小蜜蜂雌、雄性标本形态作一比较,以利鉴别。此外,本文尚将生物学习性及分布加以整理,以便利用。 一、主要鉴别特征 雌性:腹部第1—2节背板、第3节背板基半部及第3—5节背板端缘均红褐色,余黑色;颚眼距长宽相等;POL:OOL=9:5;触角第3节稍长于第4节;各跗节褐色;体长13—15毫米…………小蜜蜂Micrapis florea(Fabr.)     

角蟾科一新亚种——炳灵角蟾梵净山亚种

报道了角蟾科一新亚种,该亚种具角蟾属特征,与峨眉角蟾种组中的炳灵角蟾(Megophrysbinlingensis)形态特征最为相近,但与该组成员又有明显区别,被命名为炳灵角蟾梵净山亚种(M.b.fanjingmontis subsp.nov.)。本亚种主要鉴别特征为犁骨棱较弱,后端无犁骨齿,上颌有细齿;第一、二指上婚刺细密,趾侧缘膜窄;体腹面斑少,两侧黑褐色长形斑明显;体型较大,雄性头体长大于60.00 mm;趾间具1/3蹼。     

中国兰科植物研究杂记(英文)

报道了中国兰科植物一新记录种互生对叶兰[Neottia alternifolia(KingPantl.)Szlach.];并对紫婉石斛(Dendrobium transparens Wall.ex Lindl.)的形态特征、生境等进行了描述。紫婉石斛与兜唇石斛[Dendrobium aphyllum(Roxb.)C.E.Fischer]相似,区别在于唇瓣中央具深紫红色大斑块,唇瓣正面具柔毛;互生对叶兰是鸟巢兰属自养类型种类中唯一具有两片互生叶的种类,极易同该属其他种类区分。     

Die Gattungszugehörigkeit und systematische Stellung derGentiana tenella Rottb. undG. nana Wulf.

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Die Gattungszugehörigkeit und systematische Stellung derGentiana tenella Rottb. undG. nana Wulf.

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Studies in African Cyperaceae 21. New taxa and combinations in Kyllinga Rottb.

Eight new species, one new subspecies and one new variety of Kyllinga are described from tropical Africa, viz. Kyllinga brunneoalba Lye, K. afropumila Lye, K, albogracilis Lye, K. aureovillosa Lye, K. alba–purpurea Lye, K. rhizomafragilis Lye, K. microbracleata Lye, K. afro–occidentalis Lye, K. erecta Schumacher ssp. albescens Lye, and K. melanosperma Nees var. hexalata Lye. In addition nine new combinations are made, viz. Kyllinga peteri (Kükenthal) Lye, K. bigibbosa (Fosberg) Lye, K. odorata Vahl ssp. appendiculata (K. Schum.) Lye, K. alba Nees ssp. ascolepidioides (H. Cherm.) Lye, K. nervosa Steudel ssp.flava (C.B.C1.) Lye, K. melanosperma Nees ssp. elata (Steudel) Lye, K. brevifolia Rottb. ssp. lurida (Kükenthal) Lye, K. bre–vifolia Rottb. ssp. intricata (H. Cherm.) Lye, and K. comosipes (Mattf. & Kükenthal) Agnew & Hanid ssp. decolorans (Kükenthal) Lye.     

In Vitro Regeneration of Mat Sedge (Cyperus pangorei Rottb)

An in vitro protocol was developed for regeneration of Cyperus pangorei that may supplement enough raw materials for the mat weaving community. Callus was initiated from inflorescence explants on Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium supplemented with 5 and 10 μM each of 2, 4-D, 2, 4, 5-T and CPA. Development of numerous de novo spikelets from immature inflorescence explants grown in (10 μM) 2, 4, 5-T was observed. MS with 5 μM Kn and 100 ml l^?1 Coconut milk (CM) promoted shoot regeneration from calli. Calli from 2,4-D and CPA medium sub-cultured on medium containing 5 μM BAP, 5 μM Kn, 1 μM IAA and 100 ml l^?1 CM produced extensive and rapid rhizogenesis with wiry and scaly roots. Micropropagation using rhizome buds on MS medium with BAP, Kn and Zeatin at 10 μM concentrations resulted in shoot release and multiplication by breaking the bud dormancy. An average of 10 shoots per explant was produced in 10 μM BAP, whereas (10 μM) Kn and (10 μM) Zeatin induced only single shoot formation. The shoots were transferred to rooting media comprising 10 μM IAA with 1 μM BAP or Kn and then acclimatized. The results accomplished were found to be useful in developing a complete in vitro regeneration protocol towards the mass production of Cyperus species, which may provide a basis for further genetic improvements that may prove its use as an alternative natural fibre resource in commercial applications.     

Responses of Cyperus brevifolius (Rottb.) Hassk. and Cyperus kyllingia Endl. to varying soil water availability

Different responses of Cyperus brevifolius and Cyperus kyllingia to varying soil water regimes were examined to explain their successful existence in a diverse range of habitats throughout the year in Indonesia. Thirty 43-day sprouts of each species were grown in three soil conditions, namely drought, field capacity, and flooding under greenhouse conditions. Plant height, leaf length, tiller number, and flower number were measured twice a week, from 45 to 98 days after sowing (DAS), while the other 12 traits were recorded at the end of the observation time. Ten out of the twelve traits were substantially influenced by the soil water content. Both species exhibited their best growth, production, and reproduction under field capacity conditions, and these traits were greatly subdued under drought conditions. Under drought conditions, both species manifested reduced growth and leaf expansion; however, stomatal aperture and frequency did not exhibit strong response to the soil water content. C. brevifolius showed a significantly greater biomass production and reproductive traits in field capacity and flooded conditions, but under drought conditions, growth was greatly hampered and only vegetative propagation occurred. On the other hand, C. kyllingia showed a higher tolerance to drought conditions, indicated by both a higher biomass and a higher number of flowers. The results obtained suggest that survival ability when faced with drought conditions was more apparent in C. kyllingia than in C. brevifolius, but where there was sufficient soil water, C. brevifolius was more prolific. This could be the explanation for the dominance of C. brevifolius in flooded areas and during the rainy season, and the occurrence of C. kyllingia in a wider range of habitats throughout the year.     

Floral morphology and systematics of the genus Thottea Rottb. (Aristolochiaceae) from the Western Ghats, India

The medicinal genus Thottea (Aristolochiaceae) is represented in the Western Ghats, India, by eight species, seven of which are endemic to this region. In the present study, diversity in floral structure and organization of these eight species was analyzed from a systematic perspective. Floral morphology was thoroughly studied and discussed with emphasis on 16 qualitative and 11 quantitative characters. Statistical tools such as UPGMA cluster analysis, PCoA, PCA, and one-way ANOVA were used for elucidating species boundaries and inter-relationships. Significance of the selected qualitative and quantitative characters for species level systematics was revealed by the PCA and one-way ANOVA. Based on the nature of sepals (free/fused), two species groups were identified (first group with T. duchartrei and T. idukkiana, and the second group with the remaining six species). By considering the number and arrangement of stamens, yet another species grouping was proposed (one with T. abrahamii and T. dinghoui, and the other with the remaining six species). The UPGMA phenogram and the PCoA scatter plot clearly pointed out the existence of two species groups: the first group with T. abrahamii, T. barberi, T. dinghoui, T. ponmudiana, T. siliquosa, and T. sivarajanii, and the second one with T. duchartrei and T. idukkiana. With regard to the morphometric tools and the taxonomic key, it does not seem possible to distinguish T. abrahamii from T. dinghoui, and T. idukkiana from T. duchartrei.     

Effects of sodium and potassium chlorides on the growth and accumulation of mineral ions by Cyperus involucratus Rottb.

The response of the large emergent aquatic plant Cyperus involucratus Rottb. to NaCl and KCl salinities was studied under glasshouse conditions. Growth was not affected greatly by 50 mM NaCl or 100 mM KCl, but plants treated with 100 mM NaCl or 200 mM KCl were stunted and showed symptoms of salt toxicity. NaCl salinity was more detrimental than KCl, and Cl was more damaging to plant growth than K, but less damaging than Na. Salinity had no effect on plant succulence. NaCl and KCl treatments caused a decrease in concentrations of Ca and Mg in plant tissue, and NaCl-stressed plants accumulated nitrate-N. Na was largely excluded from leaves, whereas K was not. Concentrations up to 4% Cl, 8% K and 2.3% Na (dry wt. basis) were recorded in above-ground plant organs. C. involucratus is potentially a useful plant for inclusion in aquatic plant filters to treat wastewaters, and harvestable parts of the plant (culms and leaves) had over 60% of the total plant K, Na and Cl. The results are discussed with respect to the use of C. involucratus in systems for wastewater reclamation.