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西沟湾1号地点位于河北省张家口市怀来县,AMS-14C测年显示其年代为距今4.1-3.4万年,属旧石器时代晚期。该地点埋藏于永定河右岸第二级阶地后缘,发掘面积约27 m2,出土石制品218件,其中41件可以拼合为14个拼合组,拼合成功率为18.8%;其拼合关系可分为拼对(conjoin)和拼接(join)两大类型,其中的组合形式主要包括石核与石片、石片与石片、石片与断块以及石锤与断块四大类。石制品的打击特征以及部分拼合组的剥片序列分析显示,西沟湾1号地点剥片方法为硬锤锤击法,石核剥片主要通过台面或剥片面的转向以实现对原料的多次开发和利用,剥片程度较高;综合各拼合组的空间分布状况,较高的石制品拼合率以及大多数石制品表面和边缘较为新鲜锋利的保存状态等信息,推测该地点在埋藏过程中受到的扰动程度较小,人类行为应是遗址形成的主要因素。 相似文献
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东沟旧石器遗址位于河北省张家口市蔚县黄梅乡常胜疃村,埋藏于定安河(壶流河支流)支流右岸第二级阶地下部.联合考古队于2017年9-11月对该遗址进行试掘,揭露文化层面积约25 m2,出土包含石质标本和动物化石在内的编号遗物共计2892件.石制品原料以硅质白云岩、燧石和安山岩为主,主要为就地取材;石制品大小总体以小型为主,类型包括石锤、石核、废片、石器和砸击品;石核剥片以硬锤锤击法为主,辅以砸击法;锤击石核多以单个台面为基础进行剥片,呈现出一定的权宜性剥片特征;石器类型多样,以刮削器为主,修理均采用锤击法,加工相对简单.石制品的类型和技术总体显示石片石器技术特征.动物化石保存状况不佳,初步鉴定的动物种类包括鹿类、马类、牛类和犀牛类.14C年代测定显示该遗址的时代为旧石器时代晚期.东沟遗址的发现和试掘为完善蔚县盆地晚更新世石器技术演化序列、探究古人类生存行为特征等问题提供了重要材料. 相似文献
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大长梁旧石器地点位于泥河湾盆地东端 ,埋藏在泥河湾层里。它东距小长梁遗址170米 ,野外观测和地层对比显示 ,二者的地层层位及文化层一致 ,应为同时期遗址。该地点试掘近 7平方米 ,共获得33件石制品和一些动物化石。出土石制品以小型为主 ,原料剥片利用率高 ,成器率低 ,动物化石多为哺乳类肢骨。其年代大于107万年 ,属旧石器时代早期。 相似文献
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近年来,通过对江西高安盆地开展旧石器考古调查,在锦江第二、三级阶地发现旧石器遗址23处,采集具有代表性的石制品96件。石制品类型包括石核、石片、石器和断块,原料均为脉石英,尺寸以小型为主,微型和中型次之。石核剥片以锤击法为主,辅以砸击法。石器修理均为锤击法,石片毛坯占比高,修理程度有限,石器类型以刮削器为主,另有少量锯齿刃器和钻。不同遗址石器技术特征相近,都具有小型石片石器工业特点。从埋藏地层、石器技术面貌等来看,调查发现遗址的年代与盆地内已经发掘的上湖遗址年代相近,处于深海氧同位素2阶段(MIS 2)。高安盆地旧石器遗址群的发现,为探讨中国南北方人群迁徙、交流,以及古人类在面对MIS 2阶段,尤其末次盛冰期极端气候事件时的适应策略等问题提供了重要材料。 相似文献
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余坪地点位于河南省南召县汉水中游支流松河南岸第二级阶地前缘,于2021年3月由吉林大学考古学院、南阳市文物考古研究所调查发现。地表采集石制品38件,包括石核4件、石片3件、断块4件、使用石片5件、石器22件。个体多为小型与中型。原料皆河漫滩砾石,岩性以石英为主。石核剥片采用硬锤锤击,偶见砸击法。剥片方法属普通石核石片技术。使用石片分为刮削刃、尖刃者两类。石器包括刮削器、尖刃器、钻器、砍砸器、砍伐器和手锛。毛坯多为石片与断块,未见砾石毛坯。根据地貌与石制品特征,时代应属旧石器时代晚期。文化属性为石片石器技术系统。该地点对于探讨南北方过渡地区旧石器时代晚期的文化特点具有重要意义。 相似文献
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丹江口库区双河一号旧石器地点位于河南省淅川县双河镇,埋藏于丹江左岸第三级阶地棕红色黏土层中。2010年中国科学技术大学科技史与科技考古系受河南省文物局南水北调文物保护办公室委托,对该地点进行了考古发掘,揭露面积400m2,出土石制品225件。石制品类型有石核、石片、石器、断块和裂片等。古人类选择河卵石为原料进行剥片和加工石器,岩性以石英岩为主;硬锤锤击法为剥片的主要技术;石制品总体以中小型居多;石器主要以砾石为毛坯,砍砸器是主要类型;石器多在砾石一端采用锤击法加工而成。石制品特点显示中国南方砾石石器工业的因素,同时石制品组合中出现了片状毛坯加工的尖状器。地貌和地层对比显示该地点形成于中更新世。 相似文献
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水洞沟遗址第7地点发现于2002年,位于水洞沟遗址核心区,2003年至2005年共进行三次系统发掘,揭露35个水平层,面积25m2,出土包含石制品、动物化石、鸵鸟皮及装饰品等文化遗物上万件。遗址埋藏在边沟河左岸第二级基座阶地,文化层为灰白-灰黄-灰绿色粉砂及黏土质粉砂,厚度在3m以上,遗址堆积后期局部受到小规模水流改造,但石制品组合基本保留了制作完成后的总体面貌。石制品原料取自附近的河流和湖泊成因的砾石;石制品是一个包含石核、废片、石器、砸击品和打制工具但以废片为主体的组合,个体以小型居多;锤击法为剥片的基本方法,砸击法被偶尔使用,刮削器为石器的主要类型,石器为锤击法简单修理而成。石器工业总体显示北方小型石片石器传统。光释光年代初步测定表明古人类在该遗址活动的时间大致发生在27~25ka BP,属旧石器时代晚期。 相似文献
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水洞沟遗址第8地点是水洞沟遗址群的重要地点之一。2003年,对其进行正式发掘,揭露面积16m2,文化层内包含用火遗迹、石制品、哺乳动物化石及鸵鸟蛋皮串珠等。本文观察和研究的石制品七百余件,总体上显示中国北方地区石片石器工业的技术特征。根据该地点文化层的14C测年数据,该地点的年代为27,040±150 BP,经Int Cal09曲线校正后数据为31,323±101BP,与水洞沟第2地点的第2文化层年代(29.9ka~31.3ka BP)大致相当。 相似文献
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PEI Shuwen 《人类学学报》2014,33(01):1
Shuidonggou Locality 7 (SDG7), as one newly discovered and excavated sites in the Shuidonggou site cluster, is c. 300 m southeast of SDG1. The site is situated 1205 m a.s.l. on the 2th terrace of the left bank of a tributary named the Biangou river of the Yellow river at N 38°17′52″, E 106°30′21″. It was discovered in 2002 and excavated in 2003, 2004, and 2005 as an important research locality of the Shuidonggou multi-disciplinary project directed by Prof. Gao Xing from IVPP. The excavations exposed an area of 25 m2. Twelve stratigraphic layers were identified at the site, with a total thickness of more than 10 m. Archaeological remains including 9,901 lithic artifacts, more than 1,000 animal fossils and ostrich egg shell fragments, as well as two ostrich egg shell beads are limited to the five lowest layers above the basal gravel layer. The three middle cultural layers have yielded OSL dates of c. 25,200 to 27,200 BP. Technologically, the SDG7 lithic assemblage is dominated by debitage (N=9617, 97.13%), followed by retouched pieces (N=121, 1.22%), freehand cores (N=106, 1.07%), bipolar elements (N=52, 0.53%), and percussors (N=5, 0.05%). Lithic raw materials derive from local sources. Silicified limestone, dolomite, and chert dominate, while quartzite, chert, and quartz are less common. Most artifacts are small in size. Freehand flaking is more prominent than bipolar technique at the site. Complete flake types demonstrate that the later stage of core reduction is represented by a high percentage (60.15%) of Type III and VI flakes. Only 6 complete flakes have blade dimensions and with no blade cores unearthed, blade technology was not used by hominins at this site. Scrapers (N=105, 86.78%) dominate retouched pieces, followed by notches, denticulates, and points. Most of the retouched pieces were casually retouched on the dorsal surface by direct hammer percussion. The SDG7 lithic assemblage shows small flake technology in North China. It can be inferred that the coming integrated research of SDG7 will shed light on the study of relationship between blade and flake technology, different technologies through population movements, origin of modern human behavior, and hominin occupation adapted to the environment in the Shuidonggou site or generally North China. 相似文献
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FENG Xingwu 《人类学学报》2006,25(04):285
The Orient Plaza site near Wangfujing Street in Beijing was discovered at the end of 1996 and excavated during the following eight months. Two cultural horizons were identified from the fluvial-lacustrine sediments. More than 2000 cultural relics were unearthed from the site, including stone and bone artifacts, fossils, hematite powder, fire use remains, and plant root and foliage. A total of 1098 stone artifacts were collected from the site, Among them, 1027 were from the lower cultural horizon and 71 pieces from the upper cultural horizon. The stone assemblage consists of hammers, anvils, chunks, cores, flakes, and formal tools including scrapers, points, burins and borers. <br>The general characteristics of the stone assemablge are as follows: <br>1) Stone artifacts from both horizons have similar features in raw materials, types and technology, so they should belong to one industrial tradition. <br>2) Most stone artifacts are made on black fine chert pebbles, and account for more than 99 % of all stone pieces. <br>3) Most of the stone artifacts are small, under 50 mm in length. <br>4) Flakes of many types (ones with natural platforms, scarred platform, etc.) dominate the stone assemblage. <br>5) Scrapers especially single2edged ones dominate the assemblage. Burins are in the second place, especially single2edged ones. Retouch is common. <br>6) Direct hammer method was used to produce the flakes, with the bipolar method being used occasionally. It is thought that the direct hammer method was used to retouch the tools. <br>The assemblage of the Orient Plaza site is similar to that of the Late Paleolithic sites of North China where flakes and flake tools are predominant. By comparing these artifacts with Early and Middle Paleolithic sites in this region, we believe that this stone assemblage belongs to the small stone tool tradition that prevailed throughout the Paleolithic Age of North China. 相似文献
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王府井东方广场遗址出土石制品共计1098件,主要来自下文化层。除石锤、石砧和人工石块外,其他石制品的原料几乎全部为黑色燧石。石制品普遍较小,主要为小型和微型。石核数量很少,但石片占石制品总数的一半还多。碎屑在探方中的几个区域密集分布。石器加工精致,刃缘大部分都比较平齐且其上的修疤排列均匀、整齐,尤其表现在端刮器上。原料、类型与技术特点表明,东方广场遗址石制品组合属于中国旧石器时代晚期的以石片为主要特征的文化系列。这一文化系列与周口店北京猿人遗址、周口店第15地点、许家窑遗址等有较多的相似性,推测东方广场石制品组合是由中国旧石器时代早期和中期石器工业演变而来。 相似文献
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CHEN Fu-you; LI Feng; WANG Hui-min; PEI Shu-wen; FENG Xing-wu; ZHANG Shuang-quan; ZHANG Yue; LIU De-cheng; ZHANG Xiao-ling; GUAN Ying; GAO Xing 《人类学学报》2012,31(04):317
Shuidonggou Locality 2 as one of the Shuidonggou Site cluster was first found in 1923 by E. Licent and P. Teilhard de Chardin. The site complex is located in North China, 18km east of Yellow River on the margins of the Ordos Desert. Locality 2 is situated at the left side of a tributary named Biangou River of Yellow River opposite to Locality 1. As an important researched locality of Shuidonggou multi-disciplinary project directed by Prof. Gao Xing from IVPP, China, Shuidonggou Locality 2 was excavated in 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2007. Two units up to 100m2 were exposed and seven archaeological layers were identified. Features and large assemblages were yielded from the archaeological deposit including hearths, lithic artifacts, mammal fossils, ostrich eggshell beads and bone needle fragments. A suite of AMS14C and OSL dates from Shuidonggou Locality 2 indicates that the entire suite of Paleolithic assemblages spans a period from roughly 41,000 to 21,000 calendar years BP.<br>In terms of common technological features, Shuidonggou Locality 2 sequence documents two broad technological systems. Assemblages from CL7 show typical large blade technology in character which fall within the Initial Upper Paleolithic in Eurasia, whereas layers from CL6 to CL1 demonstrate flake technological features which are common within Late Paleolithic in North China. The assemblage from CL7 is consistent with general technological features in Shuidonggou Locality 1, but is different to the assemblages from CL6 to CL1 at Locality 2. The similarity between locality 1 and CL7 at locality 2 suggests some relations between these two localities. These new findings cast light on the age and spread of macroblade technology in northeast Asia and the relations between large blade technology and flake technology.<br>The technological features from CL6 to CL1 are similar but not identical. Some variations considering raw material procurement and exploitation are observed throughout the sequence. Especially in CL2, transported raw materials from distant sources indicate certain raw material use and mobility pattern changes which should be studied in future. The changes of raw material economy throughout the sequence will provide some details about human adaptation patterns in Shuidonggou area. 相似文献