双孢蘑菇萎锈灵抗性基因定点突变的载体构建与遗传转化

为建立更为安全、有效的双孢蘑菇遗传转化体系,构建了双孢蘑菇琥珀酸脱氢酶的铁硫蛋白亚基Agsdi1突变(His突变为Leu)表达载体pAgsdi1,并通过农杆菌介导方法转化双孢蘑菇W192,经萎锈灵筛选以及PCR扩增和MnlⅠ酶切验证后获得了转化菌株.验证结果表明,点突变的铁硫蛋白亚基Agsdi1可以作为双孢蘑菇有效的抗...     

大豆fad基因反义表达载体构建及转化烟草研究

使用PCR方法从大豆基因组DNA中扩增出大豆油酸脱饱和酶基因fad2-1,连接到pMD18-T载体中,转化大肠杆菌JM109菌株.测序后,用DNAstar软件进行同源性比对.然后将正确的序列反向克隆到表达载体pBt,并转化农杆菌菌株LBA4404,经双酶切鉴定和PCR扩增检测,获得具有该基因反向序列的农杆菌工程菌,转化...     

丹参SmIPI基因RNA干扰表达载体构建及遗传转化北大核心

[目的]构建丹参SmIPI1和SmIPI2基因的RNA干扰植株体系。[方法]利用Gateway技术分别构建SmIPI1和SmIPI2的干扰表达载体p K7GWIWG2D(Ⅱ),并借助根癌农杆菌EHA105菌株介导遗传转化,并通过抗性标记筛选、Egfp荧光和qRT-PCR检测阳性植株和转化效果。[结果]表达克隆构建后转化大肠杆菌菌液PCR检测显示阳性,遗传转化外植体并经抗性培养基继代筛选获得的转化植株根尖在荧光显微镜下呈强烈绿色荧光,且SmIPI1和SmIPI2基因的相对表达量下调幅度分别在64%~82%和23%~78%之间。[结论]成功构建丹参SmIPI1和SmIPI2基因的RNA干扰表达载体并转化丹参植株,为探索SmIPI基因家族成员各自功能问题提供了研究材料基础。     

农杆菌介导生防棘孢木霉菌转化体系的优化

目的:实现棘孢木霉菌T4的遗传转化并优化其转化体系.方法:以潮霉素抗性为选择标记,利用农杆菌转化法介导转化棘孢木霉菌.结果:潮霉素基因成功整合到受体菌基因组中,转化子抗性基因可稳定遗传.结论:最优的转化体系和条件为:IM和CM培养基中AS浓度为200 μg/mL,棘孢木霉T4孢子浓度为106/mL,农杆菌浓度为200 μL( OD600约0.8),共培养时间为48 h,转化效率约为50个转化子/106个孢子.     

农杆菌介导双孢蘑菇AS2796转化体系的优化

双孢蘑菇Agaricus bisporus是一种药食皆宜的食用真菌,具有极高的经济价值,近年来在双孢蘑菇全基因组测序完成后,功能基因组学的研究逐步提上日程。其中,高效的遗传转化体系作为技术基础成为研究重点。农杆菌介导的遗传转化体系作为一种高效的功能基因组研究方法,在双孢蘑菇中已经得到了广泛的应用,但是仍然存在着效率较低的问题有待解决。为了提高双孢蘑菇的农杆菌转化效率,找到双孢蘑菇遗传转化的最优条件,本实验首先对双孢蘑菇的潮霉素抗性压力进行了筛选,结果显示20mg/L的潮霉素浓度可以抑制菌丝生长,而50mg/L的潮霉素浓度则可以完全抑制菌丝生长。其次,对农杆菌菌株、菌液浓度、乙酰丁香酮浓度、菌丝培养时间以及浸染时间做了L16（4 ⁵）的正交实验,通过对各因素影响的分析,得出对转化效率影响最大的因素为菌丝培养时间和农杆菌菌株,且当菌株为LBA4404、菌液浓度OD₆₀₀=0.8、乙酰丁香酮浓度为100μmol/L、菌丝培养时间为40d、浸染时间为10min时,农杆菌介导的双孢蘑菇遗传转化效率最高。     

CHI-PAT双价基因遗传转化贵州禾来拢

以贵州禾来拢幼胚为转化受体,用农杆菌介导法将几丁质酶和抗除草剂抗性双价基因(CHI-PAT)导入来拢幼胚,筛选出抗性愈伤组织并获得抗性植株.抗性植株经GUS组织化学及PCR检测呈阳性,转基因植株对50 mg/L的Basta溶液有抗性.初步证明CHI和PAT基因已整合进了水稻基因组中.     

野生罂粟RNAi表达载体的构建及遗传转化

通过PCR方法从质粒pGEM-bc中克隆野生罂粟BBE-COR融合基因片段约760 bp,以pHANNIBAL和植物表达载体pCAMBIA3300为基础,将克隆到的BBE-COR融合基因正向和反向片段分别插入pdk内含子的两边,经酶切、PCR鉴定及序列分析表明,特异性RNAi表达载体p3300-pHR构建成功.采用直接转化法,将重组子导入根癌农杆茵AGL1中.以野生罂粟茎尖生长点为转化受体,用农杆茵介导法将目的基因转入野生罂粟中.经卡那霉素和除草剂筛选后,共获得53株转基因植株,PCR检测后,其中14株表现阳性,可初步确定目的基因已经整合到野生罂粟基因组中.     

根癌农杆菌介导Bt基因转化水稻的研究

为了培育出无筛选标记基因的转基因水稻,试验将loxp-hpt-loxp基因与成基因连锁在-起转化水稻方法,得到loxp-hpt—loxp—Bt转基因水稻植株,再与同质的带有ere基因的水稻杂交,以定向删除潮霉素抗性筛选标记。试验表明以水稻品种“皖粳97”为供试材料,将成熟胚来源的愈伤组织用根癌农杆菌EHA105／pCAMBIA1305．1感染后,筛选出抗性愈伤组织并获得再生植株。经PCR验证,得到20棵转基因水稻植株。     

根癌农杆菌介导的球毛壳菌遗传转化及T-DNA插入突变体的获得

根癌农杆菌介导的遗传转化系统是植物基因工程常用方法,目前已将这一转化系统应用到酵母、丝状真菌以及人类细胞的转化。利用这一转化系统,成功地实现了丝状真菌球毛壳菌（Chaetomium globosum）的遗传转化,转化率约为60～180个转化子/10.7个孢子 。通过对转化子的PCR检测和Southern 杂交分析表明,TDNA已整合进毛壳菌基因组中,而且在所检测的转化子中都是以单拷贝的形式整合,转化子都能够稳定遗传。根癌农杆菌介导的遗传转化具有转化率高、低拷贝、遗传稳定、操作简便等优点,因此有可能成为丝状真菌遗传转化和功能基因组研究的有力工具。     

双孢蘑菇Septin基因Ab.Cdc3的克隆与分析

具有 GTPase 活性的 Septin蛋白广泛存在于除植物外的所有真核生物中,其功能多样。采用tBlastn将灰盖鬼伞Coprinus cinereus中与菌柄伸长相关的Septin蛋白Cc.Cdc3与双孢蘑菇基因组数据进行比对,在双孢蘑菇基因组中找到Cc.Cdc3同源蛋白编码基因Ab.Cdc3。生物信息学分析结果表明,Ab.Cdc3蛋白序列具有保守GTPase结构功能域。通过荧光定量PCR（quantitative real-time PCR,qRT-PCR）方法分析Ab.Cdc3在不同生长阶段的表达模式,结果显示该基因在子实体菌柄中表达量较菌丝、原基和菌盖中的表达量高;采后不同保藏时间样品Ab.Cdc3基因表达分析结果显示,在采后0h表达量显著高于采后12h和48h;这些结果为进一步研究该基因在双孢蘑菇生长发育中的功能提供参考。     

双孢蘑菇子实体发育不同阶段蛋白质组分析

为探讨双孢蘑菇子实体发育不同阶段的蛋白质表达变化,对双孢蘑菇As2796菌株子实体原基期、幼菇期、采收期、开伞期的蛋白质组进行了二维液相色谱串联质谱（iTRAQ-MS/MS）分析,共获得不同肽段5 869个,鉴定到1 059个蛋白质,其中1 007个具有相对定量信息。与双孢蘑菇原基期相比,幼菇期、采收期和开伞期分别有差异蛋白质242、200、240个,分别占鉴定蛋白质总数的24.0%,19.9%和23.8%。对这些蛋白质及不同阶段之间的差异蛋白质进行了系列生物信息学分析,对8个上、下调表达具有连续性的差异蛋白质相关基因进行了荧光定量PCR验证,其中3个蛋白质（错配碱基识别蛋白、细胞色素C1及某推定的未知蛋白质）基因的转录与蛋白质的表达具有较为一致的趋势。这些结果为后续双孢蘑菇子实体发育相关基因的功能研究奠定了良好的基础。     

拟南芥NPR1基因的克隆与表达载体的构建

NPR1基因为植物抗病基因表达和系统获得性抗性中的一个关键基因。该文以DNA PCR扩增的方法,从拟南芥基因组DNA中克隆出NPR1基因,通过序列分析,所克隆的 NPR1 基因与报道的基因序列完全一致。将其构建成植物表达载体,为今后植物抗病基因工程的开展奠定了基础。     

The cel4 gene of Agaricus bisporus encodes a beta-mannanase

Mannases have industrial uses in food and pulp industries, and their regulation may influence development of the mushrooms of commercially important basidiomycetes. We expressed an Agaricus bisporus cel4 cDNA, which encodes a mannanase, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris. CEL4 had no detectable activity on cellulose or xylan. This gene is the first isolated from this economically important fungus to encode a mannanase. P. pastoris secreted about three times more CEL4 than S. cerevisiae. The removal of the cellulose-binding domain of CEL4 lowered the secreted specific activity by P. pastoris by approximately 97%. The genomic sequence of cel4 was isolated by screening a cosmid library of A. bisporus C54-carb8. The open reading frame was interrupted by 12 introns. The level of extracellular CEL4 increases dramatically at the postharvest stage in compost extracts of A. bisporus fruiting cultures. In laboratory liquid cultures of A. bisporus, the activity of CEL4 detected in the culture filtrate reached a maximum after 21 days. The levels of CEL4 broadly mirrored the levels of enzyme activity. In the Solka floc-bound mycelium, CEL4 protein showed a maximum after 2 to 3 weeks of culture and then declined. Changes in CEL4 activity during fruiting-body development suggest that hemicellulose utilization plays an important role in sporophore formation. The availability of the cloned gene will further studies of compost decomposition and the extracellular enzymes that fungi deploy in this process.     

Matrix attachment regions (MARs) enhance transformation frequency and transgene expression in poplar

We tested the value of a matrix attachment region (MAR) fragment derived from a tobacco gene for increasing the frequency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. A binary vector that carried a GUS reporter gene containing an intron and an nptII gene was modified to contain flanking MAR elements within the T-DNA borders. Vectors containing or lacking MARs were then used to transform tobacco, a readily transformabl e poplar clone (Populus tremula × P. alba), and a recalcitrant poplar clone (Populus trichocarpa × P. deltoides). MARs increased GUS gene expression approximately 10-fold in the two hybrid poplar clones and twofold in tobacco one month after cocultivation with Agrobacterium; MARs also increased the frequency of kanamycin-resistant poplar shoots recovered     

一种有效的双孢蘑菇原生质体制备及瞬时转化体系

原生质体的制备与再生是双孢蘑菇进行遗传转化的基础,通过研究得到制备双孢蘑菇原生质体的最佳条件是：取培养15d的菌丝振荡培养7d,溶壁酶浓度为1mg/mL的0.6mol/L KCl酶解液、温度30℃、45r/min条件下摇培10h,经过富集精制后的原生质体（4×10 ⁶/mL）可进行瞬时转化。利用Ab-eGFP进行转化,在20min、24h、48h后可观察到GFP荧光,并且在24h和48h可恢复细胞壁增殖,瞬时转化后亦可复壁增殖。研究结果为双孢蘑菇原生质体的稳定遗传转化及后续利用原生质体建立CRISPR-Cas9基因组编辑系统等提供一定的理论依据。     

双孢蘑菇分解基质能力退化的DDRT-PCR分析

对4种不同液体培养基培养的双孢蘑菇Agaricus bisporus CGMCC No.0214及其分解基质能力退化菌株0214-3、0214-5进行了24对引物组合的mRNA差异显示(DDRT-PCR)分析,结果发现8对引物组合扩增出可重复的差异,并克隆了9条差异片段。序列分析结果显示9条差异片段代表了5个基因的差异,它们与不同生物的ATP结合盒式运输亚家族A某蛋白、碳水化合物酯酶家族4蛋白、几丁质脱乙酰基酶、乙酰木聚糖酯酶II及其他一些未知蛋白具有较高的同源性。本研究结果为进一步进行双孢蘑菇分解基质能力退化的分子机理研究奠定了良好的基础。     

Establishment of Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation in Dunaliella bardawil

Dunaliella bardawil, a unicellular microalga, grows in relatively high concentrations of salt and has so far been refractory to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. An inverse relationship between salt concentration and hygromycin resistance was observed. Co-cultivation at 0.2?M NaCl allowed growth of both D. bardawil and A. tumefaciens. Lowering salt concentrations also enabled the use of lower concentrations of hygromycin, the selection agent. Cells resistant to 100?mg?l^?1 hygromycin were selected and growth of Agrobacterium was completely eliminated in these cells using cefotaxime/potassium clavulanate. The concentration of sodium chloride was gradually increased to 1.0?M with simultaneous reduction of hygromycin concentration for better growth of D. bardawil. Agrobacterium was unable to survive in the growth medium used for Dunaliella. Expression of β-glucuronidase (uidA), green fluorescent protein (GFP) and hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) in the hygromycin-resistant culture was detected using X-gluc as substrate and Western blotting using GFP antibodies and RT-PCR respectively. Cells growing in 1.0?M NaCl (in the absence of hygromycin) retained their ability to grow in hygromycin even after 18 months of cultivation. These cells expressed GFP and PCR for hpt gene was positive. The stability of the integrated transgene and resistance to hygromycin in three different transformation events were ascertained periodically. Southern blotting of DNA extracted from hygromycin resistant cells (HRC) that were 15–18 months old established the presence of the integrated transgene in the DNA of D. bardawil. Results of the present study substantiate A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation of the unicellular marine alga D. bardawil. Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transgene integration along with the massive outdoor cultivation methods used for D. bardawil may allow the commercial synthesis of secondary metabolites and heterologous proteins.