保健食品中红景天甙含量测定及其稳定性研究

测定保健食品中红景天甙的含量以控制产品质量。采用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶柱;以乙腈-水（1：9）为流动相,流速为1.0mL／min,检测波长为280nm。结果表明红景天甙在0．4—4．0μg范围内呈线性关系,平均回收率（n=6）为98．96％（RSD=1.16％）。该方法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于保健食品中红景天甙的质量控制。     

土茯苓中总黄酮的含量测定方法研究

目的：建立土茯苓总黄酮的含量测定方法。方法：采用70%乙醇超声提取工艺和可见分光光度法测定土茯苓中总黄酮的含量,以芦丁为对照品,在500 nm波长处测量。结果：芦丁在0.008～0.048 mg.mL-1范围内线性关系良好（r=1.000）,平均加样回收率（n=6）以芦丁计为98.34%,RSD为3.4%。结论：此方法操作简单,精密度、稳定性和重复性良好,可用于土茯苓总黄酮含量测定。     

草果多糖的含量测定

目的：为了充分利用草果资源,减少资源浪费,研究草果多糖含量的测定.方法：利用热水浸泡充分提取草果多糖,并用Sevag法脱蛋白法将其提纯,然后进行草果多糖含量的测定.结果：样品多糖的含量测得为0.312％,回收率为97.14％,RSD =0.827％ （n =5）.结论：广西贵港草果中含有一定的多糖,且该方法操作简便,准确,可靠,可作为检验草果多糖含量的较好方法.     

高效液相色谱快速测定两种红景天中红景天苷的含量

用高效液相色谱快速测定红景天苷的含量,比较了三种处理样品的方法。在所用实验条件下,2 min即可完成分析,在测定范围内,含量与峰面积之间呈良好的线性关系(R=0．9993),样品的峰面积相对平均偏差(RSD)为0.72％,平均回收率98．6％,RSD为2．1％．该方法样品处理简单,分析速度快,可用于红景天中红景天苷的快速测定。     

辣萝中芦丁的薄层及紫外光谱鉴别

目的：确定辣蓼中有效成分芦丁的定性鉴别和总黄酮含量的测定方法。方法：采用薄层层析（TLC）、紫外分光光度法（UV）对辣蓼分别进行理化鉴别和含量测定。结果：芦丁确系辣蓼中主要有效成分;同时建立UV检测中浓度在0．00808—0．04848mg／ml范围内与吸收度间的具有良好线性关系,其回归方程为A：11．4716C-0．0003（r=0．9928,n=6）,平均回收率为97．95％（11SD=1．88％）;辣蓼样品中总黄酮的平均含量为1．939％。结论：本方法简便、快速、准确;为辣蓼开发新药及其相关质量标准的研究提供了依据。     

两相滴定法测定苦参片中苦参碱的含量

用两相滴定法测定苦参片中苦参碱的含量。用NaCl饱和溶液为水相,含苦参碱的CHCl3为有机相,0．1％邻氯酚红为指示剂,在两相溶液中加入定量的酸标准液,充分振摇后,用标准碱液剩余滴定。加标回收,测定6次,平均回收率为：99．67％;RSD为1．86％(n=6)。     

日本旋覆花总黄酮的微波提取与含量测定

目的:探讨提取日本旋覆花总黄酮的方法并对其含量进行分析.方法:采用微波技术提取日本旋覆花中的总黄酮,同时以芦丁为对照品,用分光光度法测定不同产地日本旋覆花的总黄酮含量.结果:日本旋覆花总黄酮在10.4～51.7μg/ml范围内线性关系良好,回归方程为:Y=12.1841X+0.0003 (r=0.9999,n=5),方法回收率为99.2％,RSD为1.49％.结论:微波提取技术操作简单,效果可靠,适用于日本旋覆花总黄酮的提取.     

HPLC法测定植物中乌索酸的含量

采用HPLC法测定6种植物中乌索酸的含量,为扩大植物中乌索酸药物资源的开发利用提供分离测定方法。色谱柱为SyrmnetryShieldRP18,流动相甲醇-水-磷酸(88：12：0．1),流速1．0mL／min,检测波长210m,柱温2．5℃。该方法的线性范围为0．192-3．072μg,R=0．9999,平均回收率为98．12％,RSD=1．7％(n=5)。HPLC法测定乌索酸含量灵敏、准确、重现性好。     

土茯苓中总黄酮的含量测定方法研究

目的:建立土茯苓总黄酮的含量测定方法。方法:采用70%乙醇超声提取工艺和可见分光光度法测定土茯苓中总黄酮的含量,以芦丁为对照品,在500 nm波长处测量。结果:芦丁在0.008～0.048 mg.mL-1范围内线性关系良好(r=1.000),平均加样回收率(n=6)以芦丁计为98.34%,RSD为3.4%。结论:此方法操作简单,精密度、稳定性和重复性良好,可用于土茯苓总黄酮含量测定。     

新疆阿魏中总黄酮的提取分离及含量测定

以芦丁为对照品,NaNO2-AlCl3-NaOH体系为显色剂分光光度法测定新疆阿魏的总黄酮类含量。通过回流法和超声法提取新疆阿魏中的总黄酮,比较两种提取方法,从而得到最佳的提取方法,超声法是合适的提取方法。确定了提取总黄酮的适当溶剂、时间和显色剂用量。建立了芦丁浓度-吸光度关系的回归方程为A=9．2500C-0．0193,r=0．9993。平均回收率为98．73％。RSD为1．04％（n=6）。方法简单、可行、重现性好。     

Embryo and Endosperm Function and Failure inSolanumSpecies and Hybrids

Although the importance of the endosperm as a food store inmany angiosperm seeds is well known, its significance duringearly embryogenesis has been neglected. In many interspecifichybrids, and in some other situations, embryos do not developfully and abort. It has often been stated that this is causedby the endosperm failing to conduct sufficient nutrients tothe embryo, but seldom has it been suggested that the endospermactively controls most of the early stages of morphogenesisof the embryo. Information gleaned from a broad survey of theliterature, combined with additional evidence presented here,obtained fromSolanum incanumand interspecific hybrids, indicatethat the endosperm is dynamic and very active in regulatingearly embryo development. This requires highly integrated geneticcontrol of rapidly changing metabolism in the endosperm. Ininterspecific hybrids, lack of coordination may cause unbalancedproduction of growth regulating substances by the endospermand hence abortion of the embryo, or even unregulated productionof nucleases and proteases resulting firstly in autolysis ofthe endosperm and then digestion of the embryo. The endospermmay thus serve to detect inappropriate hybridization of speciesor ploidy levels and so prevent waste of resources by producingseeds that would result in sterile hybrids or unthrifty subsequentgenerations. This discriminatory function of the endosperm hasdiminished during evolution and domestication of the crop plantSolanummelongenaL.Copyright 1998 Annals of Botany Company Solanum, embryo morphogenesis, endosperm, hybrid, seed development.     

HIFs and tumors--causes and consequences

For most organisms oxygen is essential fo life. When oxygen levels drop below those required to maintain the minimum physiological oxygen requirement of an organism or tissue it is termed hypoxia. To counter act possible deleterious effects of such a state, an immediate molecular response is initiated causing adaptation responses aimed at cell survival. This response is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha- and a beta-subunit. HIF-1 alpha protein is stabilized under hypoxic conditions and therefore confers selectivity to this response. Hypoxia is characteristic of tumors, mainly because of impaired blood supply resulting from abnormal growth. Over the past few years enormous progress has been made in the attempt to understand how the activation of the physiological response to hypoxia influences neoplastic growth. In this review some aspects of HIF-1 pathway activation in tumors and the consequences for pathophysiology and treatment of neoplasia are discussed.     

环腺苷酸应答元件结合蛋白与学习记忆

环腺苷酸(cAMP)应答元件结合蛋白(cAMP response element binding protein,CREB)是一种核转录因子,可与cAMP反应元件结合,调节基因转录,具有调节精子生成,昼夜节律,学习记忆等功能.近年来关于其在学习记忆中的作用成为医学研究热点.CREB是神经元内多条信息传递途径的汇聚点,参与长时记忆形成和突触可塑性.长时记忆(long-term memory)形成需依赖CREB介导的基因转录,干扰或抑制CREB活性可破坏长时记忆.长时程增强(long-term potentiation,LTP)是研究学习记忆的理想模型,在LTP诱导和维持过程中均可观察到CREB活性持续升高.但增龄过程中,海马CREB活性下降,影响学习记忆功能,与许多神经退行性疾病发生有关.     

Astrocytes and Synaptosomes Transport and Metabolize Lactate and Acetate Differently

Astrocytes transport the monocarboxylate acetate, but synaptosomes do not. The reason for this is unknown, because both preparations express monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). The transport and metabolism of lactate, another monocarboxylate, was examined in these two preparations, and the results were compared to those for acetate. Lactate transport is more rapid in astrocytes than in synaptosomes, but of lower affinity (Kms of 17 and 4 mM, respectively). Lactate (0.2 mM) is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in synaptosomes than in astrocytes (rates of 0.37 and 0.07 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). The reason for this is unclear, but cellular differences in lactate dehydrogenase isotype expression may be involved. Acetate is metabolized to CO2 more rapidly in astrocytes than in synaptosomes (rates of 0.43 and 0.02 nmol x mg protein(-1) x min(-1), respectively). This is likely due to cellular differences in the expression of monocarboxylate transporter subtypes.