肱三头肌-肘肌瓣入路治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折的临床疗效

为探讨肱三头肌-肘肌瓣入路治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折的临床效果,选取本院2015年1月至2017年1月既往治疗的97例肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折患者进行回顾性分析。根据手术入路分为A组47例(肱三头肌-舌形瓣入路)、B组50例(肱三头肌-肘肌瓣入路),均采用双重建钢板内固定治疗,比较两组患者的手术效果和术后肘关节功能恢复情况。结果显示,B组患者的手术时间、手术出血量、X线下曝光时间、术后功能锻炼起始时间均明显低于A组(p0.05);手术后3个月,B组患者的疼痛、运动功能、日常活动及Mayo评分均明显高于A组(p0.05);手术后6个月,A组和B组患者的疼痛、运动功能、稳定性、日常活动及Mayo评分比较均无明显差异(p0.05);手术后6个月,A组和B组患者的Mayo功能分级比较无明显差异(p0.05);A组手术并发症率(4.26%)与B组患者(2.00%)比较无明显差异(p0.05)。本研究证明,肱三头肌-肘肌瓣入路治疗肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折具有手术创伤小,术后恢复速度快、早期功能恢复佳的优势。     

全麻下手法松解配合活血止痛膏治疗儿童肘关节僵硬的疗效观察

目的探讨全麻下手法松解配合活血止痛膏外敷治疗儿童创伤后肘关节僵硬的临床疗效。方法将66例儿童创伤后肘关节僵硬患者按就诊先后顺序分为治疗组和对照组各33例。治疗组在全麻下行手法松解肘关节,每3天1次,手法治疗后外敷活血止痛膏(本院自制)。对照组采用被动手法松解肘关节,每天1次。观察比较两组患儿肘关节功能的恢复情况。结果两组患儿经治疗15天后,治疗组的总有效率为90.91%,对照组为54.55%,两组比较差异有显著统计学意义(P0.05)。结论全麻下手法松解配合活血止痛膏外敷治疗儿童创伤后肘关节僵硬的疗效确切,而且该法的操作简单,不良反应低,值得临床应用。     

经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路治疗复杂肱骨髁间骨折

目的：探讨经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路治疗复杂肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折的方法与疗效,为相关治疗提供参考。方法：回顾性分析经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板结合螺钉固定手术治疗复杂肱骨髁间骨折患者30例,其中男22例,女8例,年龄范围为19—75岁,平均年龄45.2岁;其中开放性骨折4例,闭合性骨折26例,按Riseborough and Radin骨折分类法,Ⅲ型16例、Ⅳ型14例,术后早期功能锻炼,以Mayo肘关节功能评分为依据比较治疗前后康复效果。结果：随访8．36个月,骨折全部愈合,按Mayo肘关节功能评分,优7例,良19例,可4例,差0例,优良率86．7％。结论：经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路手术治疗复杂肱骨髁间骨折,显露充分,固定牢固,可早期功能锻炼,疗效满意。     

经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路治疗复杂肱骨髁间骨折

目的:探讨经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路治疗复杂肱骨髁间粉碎性骨折的方法与疗效,为相关治疗提供参考。方法:回顾性分析经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路双钢板结合螺钉固定手术治疗复杂肱骨髁间骨折患者30例,其中男22例,女8例,年龄范围为19-75岁,平均年龄45.2岁;其中开放性骨折4例,闭合性骨折26例,按Riseborough and Radin骨折分类法,III型16例、IV型14例,术后早期功能锻炼,以Mayo肘关节功能评分为依据比较治疗前后康复效果。结果:随访8-36个月,骨折全部愈合,按Mayo肘关节功能评分,优7例,良19例,可4例,差0例,优良率86.7%。结论:经尺骨鹰嘴截骨入路手术治疗复杂肱骨髁间骨折,显露充分,固定牢固,可早期功能锻炼,疗效满意。     

外固定支架及开放手术治疗肘关节严重异位骨化疗效分析

目的:探讨外固定支架及开放手术治疗治疗肘关节严重异位骨化的方法及疗效。方法:自2007年9月至2012年9月,对18例(其中男13例女5例,平均年龄33.5岁)创伤后严重异位骨化性肘关节僵硬患者进行开放手术及外固定支架治疗。所有患者均采用相同的手术方式,即取出原有内固定,前置尺神经,松解关节囊粘连,清除异位骨化。对患者肘关节屈伸范围术前及术后均评估,采用Mayo肘关节评分肘关节功能(MEPI)评估疗效。术后予以指导康复锻炼。结果:术后患者的屈伸分别平均增加到125°和10°,MEPI评分由术前的平均50分提高到术后的90分。结论:外固定支架及开放手术治疗治疗严重异位骨化性肘关节僵硬具有确切的疗效。     

CPM结合早期康复训练在儿童肘部骨折术后肘关节功能障碍的康复疗效

目的:探讨CPM结合早期康复训练对儿童肘部骨折术后肘关节功能恢复临床疗效。方法:选取我院2015年12月~2017年2月期间骨科收治的儿童肘部骨折患者122例为研究对象,根据患者术后康复模式的不同将其分成了研究组(给予CPM结合早期康复训练)和对照组(给予早期康复训练),每组各61例。对两组患儿治疗前后的肘关节功能评分结果和综合疗效进行观察和比较。结果:(1)治疗后,研究组患儿的各项肘关节功能评分均明显优于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义;(2)治疗后优良率组间比较,研究组高于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义。结论:CPM结合早期康复训练能够有效的促进儿童肘部骨折术后肘关节功能恢复,是临床实际中的理想选择之一。     

内镜辅助经口咽前路减压后路融合一期手术治疗寰枢椎脱位

目的:探讨显微内窥镜下经口咽入路前路减压同时一期后路融合治疗寰枢椎脱位的手术方法,评价该手术方法的临床效果。方法:2005年2月至2006年6月对11例有手术指征的寰枢关节脱位患者,其中外伤齿状突骨折畸形愈合4例、先天性寰枕融合畸形1例、齿突发育不良并不连6例。全组均有不同程度的颈脊髓压迫引起的不同程度的肢体运动、感觉障碍;ASIA分级C级3例、D级8例。行显微内窥镜辅助下经口咽入路前路减压,术中颅骨牵引复位后一期后路融合。结果:11例均获得脊髓充分减压,9例获解剖复位、2例部分复位,无术中和术后并发症;所有患者的临床症状均有明显改善,四肢运动功能不同程度的恢复,A- SIA分级1例C级恢复至D级,2例C级恢复至正常,8例D级恢复至正常。内固定无松脱、无断裂及再脱位,植骨融合良好均获得骨性融合。术后随访6月-18个月,平均12个月,效果良好。结论:显微内镜下经口咽入路前路减压,具有视野清晰、操作精确、损伤小的优点;充分前路减压可以术中即刻复位、一期后路融合,避免了二次手术。     

改良阶梯式截骨法矫正儿童创伤后肘内翻畸形

目的:探讨采用肱骨髁上改良阶梯式截骨联合钢板等内固定治疗儿童肘内翻畸形的临床疗效。方法:回顾性研究我科自2012年1月~2014年12月收治的14例肘内翻畸形患者,其中,男10例/女4例,年龄6~14岁,平均10.3岁,右侧9例/左侧5例。所有病例均有明确的伸直型肱骨髁上骨折病史,在创伤后约1.7年(1~4.5年)行改良阶梯式截骨。通过测量手术前后提携角及肘关节活动度,并依据Flynn临床肘关节功能评定标准对患肢功能进行评价。结果:本组患者术后均获得随访,随访时间12~26个月,平均17.4±2.7个月,肱骨截骨处达到骨性愈合的时间为2.5~4个月(平均2.9±0.6个月),术后畸形矫正良好,获得5.2±1.7°提携角。术后关节活动范围-0.7±1.6~134.5±2.4°,与术前相比,伸展活动的差异无统计学意义(t=0.871,P0.05);而屈曲活动改善明显,差异有统计学意义(t=18.819,P0.01)。末次随访时截骨纠正角度丢失1.4±0.8°。根据Flynn肘关节功能评定标准:优11例/良2例/可1例,优良率92.86%。均无感染、外髁突出、过度肥厚增生的术后瘢痕、血管神经损伤、关节不稳等并发症。结论:本研究针对创伤后儿童肘内翻畸形的手术疗效进行随访,发现改良阶梯式截骨的手术操作相对简单,矫形效果满意,能早期恢复肘关节功能且畸形复发率低,是一种美容效果较好的治疗肘内翻的截骨方式。     

上肢骨折后肘关节功能障碍患者的综合康复治疗疗效分析

目的:对上肢骨折后肘关节功能障碍患者的综合康复治疗疗效进行分析。方法:选取我院骨科2013年1月至2014年6月接收的80例患者为本次的研究对象,80例参与研究的人员均为上肢骨折后肘关节功能障碍患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各40例。对照组40例患者进行常规治疗,观察组40例患者进行综合康复治疗。对两组患者的治疗效果进行综合评估。结果:观察组40例患者中36例有效,总有效率为90%,对照组40例患者中26例有效,总有效率为65%。结果显示综合康复治疗效果明显优于常规康复治疗效果。结论:综合康复治疗法能帮助患者尽快痊愈,恢复肘关节功能。     

改良后入路MIPPO肱骨远端锁定钢板治疗肱骨下段骨折的疗效及对骨代谢的影响

目的:探讨改良后入路经皮微创锁定钢板内固定术(MIPPO)肱骨远端锁定钢板治疗肱骨下段骨折的疗效及对骨代谢的影响。方法:回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年1月我院收治的85例肱骨下段骨折患者临床资料,通过治疗方式不同分为观察组45例和对照组40例,观察组使用改良后入路MIPPO技术进行内固定治疗,对照组使用传统切开复位普通钢板内固定治疗,比较两组手术情况、骨代谢、肘关节恢复情况及不良反应的发生情况。结果:两组手术时间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),观察组术中出血量明显少于对照组,住院时间、骨折愈合时间明显比对照组缩短(P0.05);观察组手术后2周、4周、8周时血清骨钙素(OCN)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平均明显高于对照组(P0.05);末次随访时,观察组Mayo肘关节功能评分(MEPS)优良率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:改良后入路MIPPO技术对肱骨下段骨折的内固定效果满意,具有损伤小、术后恢复快等优点,且有利于骨代谢。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of hydrazone derivatives of 4-[3-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid and 4-[3-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-4-formyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl]benzoic acid

Microbial resistance to antibiotics is an unresolved global concern, which needs urgent and coordinated action. One of the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) to combat antibiotic resistance is the development of new antibiotics to treat drug-resistant bacteria. In our effort to find new antibiotics, we report the synthesis and antimicrobial studies of 30 new pyrazole derivatives. These novel molecules have been synthesized by using readily available starting materials and benign reaction conditions. Some of these molecules have shown activity with MIC values as low as 0.78?µg/mL against four bacterial strains; Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Furthermore, active molecules are non-toxic to mammalian cell line.

     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Novel compounds with potent CDK9 inhibitory activity for the treatment of myeloma

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and Polo-like kinases (PLKs) play key role in the regulation of the cell cycle. The aim of our study was originally the further development of our recently discovered polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitors. A series of new 2,4-disubstituted pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized around the original hit, but their PLK1 inhibitory activity was very poor. However the novel compounds showed nanomolar CDK9 inhibitory activity and very good antiproliferative effect on multiple myeloma cell lines (RPMI-8226).