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Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed in the water lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) from an SSR-enriched genomic library. Of the SSR markers tested, 11 primer pairs produced clearly distinguishable DNA banding patterns. Forty-three alleles were detected with the 11 markers. The allele number per locus ranged from 2 to 5 with an average of 3.9. Polymorphism values ranged from 0.11 to 0.66 with an average of 0.51. These primers were also applicable to another Nelumbo species, Nelumbo lutea (Willd.) Pers. (American lotus) and hybrids between N. nucifera and N. lutea. These results indicate that the SSR markers developed in this study are informative and will be useful for genetic analysis in Nelumbo species. 相似文献
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L. Pan Z.W. Quan J.H. Hu G.Y. Wang S.N. Liu Y. He W.D. Ke Y. Ding 《The Annals of applied biology》2011,159(3):428-441
Nelumbo nucifera (lotus) is a perennial aquatic crop of substantial economical and ecological importance. Currently, the evaluation of the genetic variation of lotus germplasm accessions using codominant simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers is significant, and it is essential for understanding the population structure of N. nucifera. Here we report the genetic diversity and differentiation of 92 N. nucifera accessions (82 cultivated varieties and 10 wild lotus) using 50 polymorphic SSR markers. A total of 195 alleles were detected, with an average of 3.9 alleles/locus. The mean polymorphic information content (PIC) and the mean expected heterozygosity were 0.43 and 0.50, respectively. The genetic relationships among accessions were estimated using an unweighted pair‐group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) cluster and principal coordinate analysis (PCA). Both methods revealed that the lotus accessions from China and those from its adjacent Asian countries formed a single cluster, respectively. The cultivated varieties were correlated with their major characteristics in cultivation (the seed, rhizome and flower type) rather than their geographic distribution. On the basis of the Bayesian model‐based analyses, two genetically distinct groups (the seed lotus group and the rhizome lotus group) were generated, with a strong differentiation between them (FST = 0.57). The seed lotus group exhibited higher genetic diversity than did the rhizome lotus group. The results herein indicated that the current levels of genetic diversity and differentiation between the lotuses have been greatly influenced by artificial selection. 相似文献
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The sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is an aquatic plant of economic and ornamental importance in China. In this study, we developed twenty novel sacred
lotus SSR markers, and used AFLP and SSR markers to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic relationships among 58 accessions
of N.
nucifera including 15 seed lotus, 12 rhizome lotus, 24 flower lotus and 7 wild lotus. Our results showed that sacred lotus exhibited
a low level of genetic diversity, which may attribute to asexual reproduction and long-term artificial selection. A dendrogram
based on both AFLP and SSR clustering data showed that: (1) the seed lotus accessions and rhizome lotus accessions were distinctly
clustered into different groups, which indicated the significant genetic differentiation between them. This may be attributed
to the two modes of reproduction and lack of genetic exchange; (2) the accessions of Thailand wild lotus were separated from
other wild lotus accessions. This implied that the Thailand lotus might be genetically differentiated from other wild lotuses.
In addition, Mantel test conducted gave highly significant correlation between AFLP-SSR data and each of the AFLP and SSR
ones, with the values of r = 0.941 and r = 0.879, respectively, indicating the higher efficiency of the combination of these techniques (AFLP and SSR) in estimation
and validation of the genetic diversity among the accession of sacred lotus. This knowledge of the genetic diversity and genetic
relatedness of N. nucifera is potentially useful to improve the current strategies in breeding and germplasm conservation to enhance the ornamental
and economic value of sacred lotus. 相似文献
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Giriraj Kumawat Gourav Singh C. Gireesh M. Shivakumar Mamta Arya Dinesh K. Agarwal Syed Masroor Husain 《Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants》2015,21(1):101-107
Molecular characterization and genetic diversity among 82 soybean accessions was carried out by using 44 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Of the 44 SSR markers used, 40 markers were found polymorphic among 82 soybean accessions. These 40 polymorphic markers produced a total of 119 alleles, of which five were unique alleles and four alleles were rare. The allele number for each SSR locus varied between two to four with an average of 2.97 alleles per marker. Polymorphic information content values of SSRs ranged from 0.101 to 0.742 with an average of 0.477. Jaccard’s similarity coefficient was employed to study the molecular diversity of 82 soybean accessions. The pairwise genetic similarity among 82 soybean accessions varied from 0.28 to 0.90. The dendrogram constructed based on genetic similarities among 82 soybean accessions identified three major clusters. The majority of genotypes including four improved cultivars were grouped in a single subcluster IIIa of cluster III, indicating high genetic resemblance among soybean germplasm collection in India.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s12298-014-0266-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献6.
Qiong Zhang Leiting Li Robert VanBuren Yanling Liu Mei Yang Liming Xu John E Bowers Caihong Zhong Yuepeng Han Shaohua Li Ray Ming 《BMC genomics》2014,15(1)
Background
Lotus is a diploid plant with agricultural, medicinal, and ecological significance. Genetic linkage maps are fundamental resources for genome and genetic study, and also provide molecular markers for breeding in agriculturally important species. Genotyping by sequencing revolutionized genetic mapping, the restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) allowed rapid discovery of thousands of SNPs markers, and a crucial aspect of the sequence based mapping strategy is the reference sequences used for marker identification.Results
We assessed the effectiveness of linkage mapping using three types of references for scoring markers: the unmasked genome, repeat masked genome, and gene models. Overall, the repeat masked genome produced the optimal genetic maps. A high-density genetic map of American lotus was constructed using an F1 population derived from a cross between Nelumbo nucifera ‘China Antique’ and N. lutea ‘AL1’. A total of 4,098 RADseq markers were used to construct the American lotus ‘AL1’ genetic map, and 147 markers were used to construct the Chinese lotus ‘China Antique’ genetic map. The American lotus map has 9 linkage groups, and spans 494.3 cM, with an average distance of 0.7 cM between adjacent markers. The American lotus map was used to anchor scaffold sequences in the N. nucifera ‘China Antique’ draft genome. 3,603 RADseq markers anchored 234 individual scaffold sequences into 9 megascaffolds spanning 67% of the 804 Mb draft genome.Conclusions
Among the unmasked genome, repeat masked genome and gene models, the optimal reference sequences to call RADseq markers for map construction is repeat masked genome. This high density genetic map is a valuable resource for genomic research and crop improvement in lotus. 相似文献7.
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《Aquatic Botany》2007,87(2):141-146
Despite the economic importance of Nelumbo nucifera, there have been no molecular studies on genetic relationships among cultivars in the species. In the present study 38 accessions were sampled including 37 accessions of N. nucifera or hybrids between N. nucifera and Nelumbo lutea and a single accession of N. lutea. In the ITS analyses, Chinese and Japanese lotus comprise a single cluster with a moderate bootstrap support 68% indicating there is very high similarity between them. Moreover, these ISSR and RAPD results also indicate that there is very close genetic relationship between Chinese and Japanese lotus. In the ISSR and RAPD analyses, although 38 accessions all are distinctly separately into two groups, viz. N. nucifera and N. lutea, there is a high Jaccard similarity coefficient (0.785 and 0.656) between the two species. In N. nucifera the two different groups of the species, viz. flower lotus and rhizome lotus accessions show clear genetic variations. Seed lotus accessions do not form a distinct cluster but are interspersed among the flower accessions indicating that seed lotus is phylogenetically close to flower lotus and they might originate from close wild lotus in genetic relationship. In flower lotus, big-flower type accessions and medium-small type accessions have obvious genetic variation, indicating height is an important criterion in the classification system of flower lotus. 相似文献
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Background and Aims
The thermoregulatory flower of the Asian sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) can maintain a relatively stable temperature despite great variations in ambient temperature during anthesis. The thermoregulation has been hypothesized to offer a direct energy reward for pollinators in lotus flowers. This study aims to examine whether the stable temperature maintained in the floral chamber influences the fertilization process and seed development.Methods
An artificial refrigeration instrument was employed to cool flowers during the fertilization process and post-fertilization period in an experimental population. The effect of temperature on post-pollination events was also examined by removing petals in two field populations.Key Results
Treatments with low floral temperature did not reduce stigma receptivity or pollen viability in undehisced anthers. Low temperature during the fertilization period significantly decreased seed set per flower but low temperature during the phase of seed development had no effect, suggesting that temperature regulation by lotus flowers facilitated fertilization success. Hand-pollination treatments in two field populations indicated that seed set of flowers with petals removed was lower than that of intact flowers in north China, where ambient temperatures are low, but not in south China, confirming that reducing the temperature of carpels did influence post-pollination events.Conclusions
The experiments suggest that floral thermoregulation in lotus could enhance female reproductive success by facilitating fertilization.Key words: Nelumbo nucifera, Asian sacred lotus, beetle-pollination syndrome, fertilization process, post-pollination events, pollen viability, stigma receptivity, thermoregulation 相似文献15.
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Pratik Satya M. Karan C. S. Kar A. K. Mahapatra B. S. Mahapatra 《Plant Systematics and Evolution》2013,299(3):619-629
Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) and roselle (H. sabdariffa L.) are valuable fibre crop species with diverse end use. Phylogenetic relationship of 73 accessions of kenaf, roselle and their wild relatives from 15 countries was assessed using 44 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and jute (Corchorus olitorius L.) specific simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. A total of 113 alleles were identified of which 61.95 % were polymorphic. Jute specific SSR markers exhibited high polymorphism and resolving power in kenaf, although ISSR markers exhibited higher resolving power than SSR markers. Number of polymorphic alleles varied from 1 to 5 for ISSR and 1 to 6 for SSR markers. Cultivated species exhibited higher allele polymorphism (57 %) than the wild species (35 %), but the improved cultivars exhibited lower genetic diversity compared to germplasm accessions. Accessions with common genetic lineage and geographical distribution clustered together. Indian kenaf varieties were distinct from cultivars bred in other countries and shared more genetic homology with African accessions. High genetic diversity was observed in the Indian (J = 0.35–0.74) and exotic kenaf germplasm collections (J = 0.38–0.79), suggesting kenaf might have been introduced in India from Africa through Central Asia during early domestication. Genetic similarity-based cluster analysis was in close accordance with taxonomic classification of Hibiscus. 相似文献
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