胶菀属——中国菊科紫菀族的一个新归化属

报道中国东北辽宁省发现的菊科（Asteraceae）紫菀族（Astereae）一个新归化属胶菀属（Grindelia）。它在外形上接近于旋覆花属（1nula）,但区别在于胶菀属花药基部钝,花柱分枝顶端附属物呈披针形或三角形,冠毛鳞片状。依据在中国所采集的标本描述了该属在中国的唯一代表种胶菀（Grindelia squarrosa）的形态特征,并讨论了其自然分布和进入中国的可能途径。     

Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis Reveals the New Genus Hemisphaericaspora of the Family Debaryomycetaceae

Four strains of a novel ascomycetous yeast species were recovered from the frass of wood-boring beetles collected from the Baotianman Nature Reserve and the Laojieling Nature Reserve in Henan Province, China. This species produced unconjugated and deliquescent asci with hemispheroid or helmet-shaped ascospores. Analysis of gene sequences for the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA, as well as analysis of concatenated gene sequences for the nearly complete small subunit (SSU) rRNA and D1/D2 domain of the large subunit (LSU) rRNA placed the novel species in a small clade including only one recognised species, Candida insectamans, in the family Debaryomycetaceae (Saccharomycotina, Ascomycota). DNA sequence analyses demonstrated that the novel species was distinct from all currently recognised teleomorphic yeast genus. The name Hemisphaericaspora nanyangensis gen nov., sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate the novel genus and species. The new genus can be distinguished from closely related teleomorphic genera Lodderomyces and Spathaspora through sequence comparison and ascospore morphology. The ex-type strain of H. nanyangensis is CBS 13020^T ( = CICC 33021 = NYNU 13717). Furthermore, based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, C. insectamans is transferred to the newly described genus as Hemisphaericaspora insectamans comb. nov., in accordance with the changes in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi and plants.     

A New Genus of the Weevil Tribe Hyperini Lacordaire (Coleoptera,Curculionidae) from the Middle East

Entomological Review - A new genus Eremohypera gen. n. with the type species Smicronyx alfierii Pic, 1913 from Egypt and Israel and its close relative Eremohypera turkmenica sp. n. from western...     

斯库台涡虫属一新种(单肠目,斯库台科)及其分子系统学分析

本研究报道单肠目Rhabdocoela斯库台科Scutariellidae斯库台涡虫属Scutariella新种:中国斯库台涡虫,新种Scutariella sinensis sp.nov.,对其进行了形态学、分子系统学等研究。新种的主要鉴别特征:(1)二支卵黄腺在背部两侧沿肠管分布,在近肠后部愈合,整体呈"U"型;(2)生殖孔位于肠前端腹侧;(3)咽腺丰富,位于咽肠交界处的两侧;(4)精巢、卵巢位于肠道前1/3腹侧。新种的18S rDNA和28S rDNA分子系统发生研究首次提供了切头类斯库台科的分子数据,确定切头亚目Temnocephalida的分类地位及该亚目与吸虫类的进化关系。     

A New Genus of the Tribe Curculionini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Baltic Amber

Paleontological Journal - Pseudoergania perkovskyi gen. et sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Baltic amber. The new genus is similar to the oriental genus Ergania Pascoe, 1882, but differs...     

天南星属的系统发育分析

运用分支分类学方法对天南星属进行了系统发育分析,以天南星属13个组为13个分支分类单位,选择菖蒲属作为外类群,从天南星属植物特征中选取13个性状作为建立数据矩阵的基本资料,并以外类群比较和通行的形态演化规律为依据这些性状进行极化,采用改进后的最大同步法和最小平行进化法进行分类运算,按照最简约的原则,选出演化长度较短的最大同步法谱分支图,作为本文讨论的基础,并在此基础上,探讨了天南星属各组的系统关系。     

A New Tribe with a New Monotypic Genus of Saxifragaceae s. l. from China

A new tribe, Saniculiphylleae C.Y.Wu et Ku of the family Saxifragaceae (s. 1.) isdescribed from northwestern Guangxi and southeastern Yunnan, China.     

A New Genus and Five New Species of the Gelechiid-Moth Tribe Gelechiini (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae,Gelechiinae) from Laos and Malaysia

Entomological Review - A new genus, Anicula gen. n. (Gelechiidae) with the type species A. tristificula sp. n., and four new species of the genus Gelechia Hubner (G. festa sp. n., G. exigua sp. n.,...     

A Phylogenetic Study of Tribe Euphorbieae (Euphorbiaceae)

A phylogenetic investigation of a monophyletic lineage of spurge plants, tribe Euphorbieae, was conducted to elucidate evolutionary relationships, to clarify biogeographic patterns, and to reexamine the previous classification of Euphorbieae. Cladistic analyses of the 52 morphological characters of 61 species resulted in 2922 equally most parsimonious trees of 193 steps with a consistency index of 0.34. The strict consensus tree indicates genus Anthostema of subtribe Anthosteminae as a likely sister group to all other members of tribe Euphorbieae. The morphological data support a monophyletic origin of subtribe Euphorbiinae, but the subtribes Anthosteminae and Neoquillauminiinae did not form monophyletic groups. Although the previous taxonomic treatments within tribe Euphorbieae have supported the generic status of Pedilanthus, Monadenium, Synadenium, Chamaesyce, and Elaeophorbia, the results of this analysis do not support generic placement of them based on cladistic principles. Recognition of these groups as genera results in Euphorbia becoming a paraphyletic group. One solution to this problem in Euphorbieae is to divide the largest genus Euphorbia into several monophyletic genera and to keep the generic ranks for previously recognized genera. The distribution of basal endemic genera in Euphorbieae showed African and east Gondwanan affinities and strongly indicated that the ancestor of Euphorbieae originated prior to the breakup of Gondwanaland from an old group in Euphorbiaceae. However, some recent African taxa of Euphorbia should be interpreted by transoceanic dispersal from the New World ancestors.     

细花兰,中国云南兰科一新种

对兰科新种细花兰(Cymbidium micranthum)作了描述与绘图。新种产云南马关,与珍珠矮略相近,但不具延长的根状茎,有长1～1．5cm的假鳞茎,叶在中部以下多少对摺,有关节,唇瓣顶端内弯,蕊柱长1～1．2cm,甚易区别。     

克氏光唇鱼线粒体基因组测定及光唇鱼属的系统发育分析

根据侧条光唇鱼(Acrossocheilus parallens)线粒体基因(mt DNA)序列设计引物,采用引物步移和PCR扩增产物测序,获得了克氏光唇鱼(A.kreyenbergii)的mt DNA全序列。结构分析表明,克氏光唇鱼mt DNA为首尾闭合的环状基因,全长16 596 bp,编码37个基因,包括13个蛋白编码基因、22个t RNA基因、2个r RNA基因和两段非编码区(D-loop和轻链复制起点OL),碱基组成具有明显的A+T偏好和反G偏倚现象。13个蛋白编码基因中,除COⅠ的起始密码子是GTG,其余基因的起始密码子均为ATG;终止密码子包括完全的终止密码子TAA(38.46%)和TAG(7.69%),不完全的终止密码子TA(15.38%)和T(38.46%)。在D-loop区的811~837 bp区间发现了一段"TA"短串联重复序列。从蛋白编码基因所包含的信息量、变异位点和变异率看,ND5、ND4、COⅠ和ND2最适合作为光唇鱼属种间系统发育分析的分子标记。采用贝叶斯法利用13个蛋白编码基因所构建的系统发育树显示,光唇鱼属和白甲鱼属(Onychostoma)的24种鱼类各自没有聚为单系群,相互间不能明确区分。     

多根兰,中国云南兰科一新种

20 0 2年的7月下旬,我们在云南省东南部的文山地区,采集到一些植物活标本。此种植物无绿叶,在直立的花葶上具多枚鞘,清除地面泥土后,发现其多节、分枝的根状茎上生长许多横向的根,根具浓密的毛。初时我们以为是无叶兰属Aphyllorchis的植物,但其花的结构却与兰属Cymbidium植物的     

Phylogenetic Analysis and Karyotype Evolution in the Genus Clivia(Amaryllidaceae)

Phylogenetic relationships of five taxa of Clivia, one probablenew species plus four recognized species, and three outgroupspecies were studied using sequences of the nuclear ribosomal5S non-transcribed spacer and the internal transcribed spacer(ITS) of 45S rDNA. Analysis of the data sets separately generatedsome well-supported groupings and congruent phylogenies. Cliviaminiata and C. gardenii are closely related. ‘Robust Gardenii’,the putative new species, is a sister clade of this group. Clivianobilis is distantly related to these three taxa and C. caulescensoccupies an intermediate position between the two groups. Chromosomelocations and distribution patterns of the 5S nuclear ribosomalgene in the species of Clivia were investigated using fluorescenceinsitu hybridization (FISH). In all species, only one pair of5S rDNA signals was observed. These were located on the shortarm of chromosome 8, at the position of the interstitial C-bands.The phylogenies obtained from the DNA sequences together withthe chromosome data accumulated here and previously publishedinformation on the location of the 45S rDNA sites have beenused to postulate evolutionary trends in Clivia chromosomes.Copyright 2001 Annals of Botany Company Clivia, chromosome evolution, 45S and 5S rDNA, ITS, FISH, molecular phylogeny     

中国斑蚜科一新属——群斑蚜属及新种记述（同翅目：蚜总科）

对中国斑蚜科 Drepanosiphidae叶蚜亚科 Phyllaphidinae叶蚜族 Phyllaphidini1新属——群斑蚜属 Thelazacallis Zhang进行了研究 ,提供了该新属的寄主植物、地理分布及其与近缘属的示差鉴别。同时记述 1新种——毛茛群斑蚜 Thelazacallis ranunculicolaQiao et Zhang。模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所昆虫标本馆。群斑蚜属 Thelazacallis Zhang,新属模式种 :Thelazacallis ranunculicola Qiao et Zhang,sp.nov.本新属的胚胎和成蚜与新叶蚜属 N eophyllaphis Takahashi相近 ,但喙端部有次生毛 (后者无 ) ;尾片完整 (后者分裂呈双叶状 ) ;触角节 I短于节 II(后者长于 ) ;生殖突 3个(后者 4个 )。与迪叶蚜属 Diphyllaphis Takahashi在胚胎毛序、成蚜的触角、体蜡片、喙端节等方面十分接近 ,但复眼仅由 3个小眼面组成 (后者多于 3个 ) ;生殖突 3个 (后者 2个 )。毛茛群斑蚜 Thelazacallis ranunculicola Qiao et Zhang,新种 (图 1～ 9)正模 :无翅孤雌蚜 ,No.Y16 0 3- 1- 2 - 1,1979- - 1,四川 (西昌 ) ;常勇楠采 ;副模 :1头无翅孤雌蚜 ,其他同正模。寄主 :毛茛 Ranunculus sp.。本新种与新叶蚜属已知种和迪叶蚜属已知种的区别见群斑蚜属与新叶蚜属和迪叶蚜属的区别。     

用SSR分子标记研究大豆属种间亲缘进化关系

利用SSR标记技术对大豆属11个种37份材料的遗传多样性进行分析,不同位点在种间的等位基因数为6－29,平均生个位点15．9个等位基因,Soja亚属的等位基因数是Glycine亚属的71．5％,并且Glycine亚属种间指纹 谱的差异大于Soja亚属种间的指纹图谱,SSR等位基因的主成分分析结果表明,大豆属中的Glycine亚属和Soja亚属的分类界限是比较明确的,利用第一主成分和第二主成分可较明显地区分开Glycine 亚属的分类界限是比较明显的,利用第一主成分和第二主成分可较明显地区分开Glycine亚属和Soja亚属,通过UPGMA方法构建了大豆属11个种的遗传进化关系,Soja亚属中G.max,G.soja和G.gracilis3个种在系统分化树上界限是比较明显的,由此看来这3个种是独立存在的。