共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 137 毫秒
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昆虫抗菌肽对病原微生物作用的研究进展 总被引:31,自引:3,他引:28
在诱导和非诱导情况下,昆虫能产生各种类型的具有体液免疫功能的小分子物质-抗菌肽,参与机体对入侵病原微生物的免疫应答反应,构成了机体独特的免疫系统和免疫机制。这类抗菌肽或抗菌蛋白也存在于其它动物。研究表明,抗菌肽对细菌、真菌、病毒和原虫都具有作用,甚至对癌细胞也具有杀伤作用。随着抗菌肽家族的不断扩大,其结构研究的深入,相继提出了一些崭新的杀菌方式和作用机制。本文从目前国内外这方面的研究入手,分析各抗菌肽的作用特点、杀菌作用模式,展望了基因工程及临床应用的前景。 相似文献
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抗菌肽(Antimicrobial polypeptides,AMPs)是两性带电分子,广泛存在于多种生物体内,具有广谱抗菌、调节免疫、抑制肿瘤等多种生物学功能。一些抗菌肽不仅对耐药性的病原细菌有很好的抑制和杀灭作用,而且还对真菌、原生动物、病毒等有很好的抑制作用。近年研究还发现,某些抗菌肽还可选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞, 相似文献
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抗菌肽是生物体内产生的一种具有生物活性的小分子多肽,具有广谱抗细菌、抗病毒、抗真菌甚至抗癌作用。SMAP-29是来源于绵羊骨髓细胞,包含29个氨基酸的Cathelicidin类α-螺旋结构抗菌肽。SMAP-29具有多种生物活性,包括抗革兰氏阳/阴性菌、抗真菌、抗病毒、抗寄生虫、抗螺旋体、抗衣原体和中和内毒素活性,并且具有作用机制独特、快速杀灭细菌的特点。以下综述了SMAP-29抗菌肽家族的基因和蛋白结构、结构与活性关系、作用机制、生物功能、基因重组表达,重点阐述了SMAP-29结构、分子设计的必要性和基于 相似文献
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抗菌肽(Antimierobial polypeDtides,AMPs)是两性带电分子,广泛存在于多种生物体内,具有广谱抗菌、调节免疫、抑制肿瘤等多种生物学功能.一些抗菌肽不仅对耐药性的病原细菌有很好的抑制和杀灭作用,而且还对真菌、原生动物、病毒等有很好的抑制作用. 相似文献
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Sebastian Leptihn Jia Yi Har Jianzhu Chen Bow Ho Thorsten Wohland Ling Jeak Ding 《BMC biology》2009,7(1):22-13
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Antimicrobial peptides are found in all kingdoms of life. During the evolution of multicellular organisms, antimicrobial peptides were established as key elements of innate immunity. Most antimicrobial peptides are thought to work by disrupting the integrity of cell membranes, causing pathogen death. As antimicrobial peptides target the membrane structure, pathogens can only acquire resistance by a fundamental change in membrane composition. Hence, the evolution of pathogen resistance has been a slow process. Therefore antimicrobial peptides are valuable alternatives to classical antibiotics against which multiple drug-resistant bacteria have emerged. For potential therapeutic applications as antibiotics a thorough knowledge of their mechanism of action is essential. Despite the increasingly comprehensive understanding of the biochemical properties of these peptides, the actual mechanism by which antimicrobial peptides lyse microbes is controversial. 相似文献12.
水产动物抗菌肽的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
抗菌肽广泛分布于多种生物,具有分子量小、耐热、广谱抗菌等特性。它在杀菌过程中不易产生耐药性,使其具有潜在的医药价值。本文综述了水产动物抗菌肽的结构特征、生物学活性、抗菌机制、目前克隆的基因的结构与功能,以及在免疫防御中的表达等一系列问题。 相似文献
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Antimicrobial host defense peptides, such as defensins, protegrins, and platelet microbicidal proteins are deployed by mammalian skin, epithelia, phagocytes, and platelets in response to Staphylococcus aureus infection. In addition, staphylococcal products with similar structures and activities, called bacteriocins, inhibit competing microorganisms. Staphylococci have developed resistance mechanisms, which are either highly specific for certain host defense peptides or bacteriocins or which broadly protect against a range of cationic antimicrobial peptides. Experimental infection models can be used to study the molecular mechanisms of antimicrobial peptides, the peptide resistance strategies of S. aureus, and the therapeutic potential of peptides in staphylococcal diseases. 相似文献
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抗菌肽是生物体抵御外界病原体侵袭时产生的一类保守的小分子多肽,是生物体内先天免疫防御机制的重要组分。抗菌肽可以选择性杀伤肿瘤细胞,而对正常细胞损害较小,已作为化、放疗药物潜在的替代品被广泛研究和开发。从抗菌肽对不同肿瘤细胞选择性作用机制、抗菌肽药物设计的发展及应用前景等方面进行综述。 相似文献
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《生物化学与生物物理学报:生物膜》2022,1864(2):183824
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are naturally occurring promising candidates which can be used as antibiotics against a wide variety of bacteria. The key component for using them as a potent antibiotic is that their mechanism of action is less prone to bacterial resistance. However, the molecular details of their mechanism of action is not yet fully understood. In this study, we try to shed light on the mode of action of AMPs, possible reason behind it, and their interaction with lipid bilayers through experimental as well as molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies. The focal of our study was Human beta defensin 3 (hBD-3) which is a naturally occurring AMP. We chose three derivatives of hBD-3, namely CHRG01, KSR, and KLR for the detailed analysis presented in this study. These three peptides are evaluated for their antibacterial potency, secondary structure analysis and mechanism of action. The experimental results reveal that these peptides are active against gram positive as well as gram negative bacteria and kill bacteria by forming membrane pores. The MD simulation results correlate well with the antibacterial activity and shed light into the early membrane insertion dynamics. Moreover, the specific amino acids responsible for membrane disruptions are also identified from the MD simulations. Understanding the molecular level interaction of individual amino acids with the lipid bilayer will greatly help in the design of more efficient antimicrobial peptides. 相似文献
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Andrea Giuliani Giovanna Pirri Silvia Fabiole Nicoletto 《Central European Journal of Biology》2007,2(1):1-33
Antibiotic resistance is increasing at a rate that far exceeds the pace of new development of drugs. Antimicrobial peptides,
both synthetic and from natural sources, have raised interest as pathogens become resistant against conventional antibiotics.
Indeed, one of the major strengths of this class of molecules is their ability to kill multidrug-resistant bacteria. Antimicrobial
peptides are relatively small (6 to 100 aminoacids), amphipathic molecules of variable length, sequence and structure with
activity against a wide range of microorganisms including bacteria, protozoa, yeast, fungi, viruses and even tumor cells.
They usually act through relatively non-specific mechanisms resulting in membranolytic activity but they can also stimulate
the innate immune response. Several peptides have already entered pre-clinical and clinical trials for the treatment of catheter
site infections, cystic fibrosis, acne, wound healing and patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. We review the advantages
of these molecules in clinical applications, their disadvantages including their low in vivo stability, high costs of production and the strategies for their discovery and optimization. 相似文献
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Keykhosrow Keymanesh Saeed Soltani Soroush Sardari 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2009,25(6):933-944
Antimicrobial peptides have captured the attention of researchers in recent years because of their efficiency in fighting
against pathogens. These peptides are found in nature and have been isolated from a wide range of organisms. Furthermore,
analogs or synthetic derivatives have successfully been developed on the basis of natural peptide patterns. Long use of pesticides
and antibiotics has led to development of resistance among pathogens and other pests as well as increase of environmental
and health risks. Antimicrobial peptides are under consideration as new substitutes for conventional pesticides and antibiotics.
Many plants and animals have been manipulated with antimicrobial peptide-encoding genes and several pesticides and drugs have
been produced based on these peptides. Such strategies and products may still have a long way to go before being confirmed
by regulatory bodies and others need to surmount technical problems before being accepted as applicable ones. In spite of
these facts, several cases of successful use of antimicrobial peptides in agriculture and food industry indicate a promising
future for extensive application of these peptides. In this review, we consider the developing field of antimicrobial peptide
applications in various agricultural activities. 相似文献
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Control of cell selectivity of antimicrobial peptides 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Katsumi Matsuzaki 《生物化学与生物物理学报:生物膜》2009,1788(8):1687-1081
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising novel antibiotics, because they exhibit broad antimicrobial spectra and do not easily induce resistance. For clinical applications, it is important to develop potent AMPs with less toxicity against host cells. This review article summarizes the molecular basis for the cell selectivity (bacteria versus host cells) of AMPs and various attempts to control it, including the optimization of physicochemical parameters of peptides, the introduction of d-, fluorinated, and unusual amino acids into peptides, the constraining of peptide conformations, and the modification of peptides by polymers. Pros and cons of these approaches are discussed. 相似文献