地衣芽孢杆菌治疗新生儿母乳性黄疸的疗效观察

目的了解地衣芽孢杆菌活菌胶囊(整肠生)治疗母乳性黄疸的疗效。方法选取2012年1月至2015年4月我院门诊治疗的新生儿母乳性黄疸69例,随机分为两组,对照组给予口服茵栀黄颗粒,观察组给予茵栀黄颗粒及整肠生治疗,观察治疗效果及两组血清胆红素值及黄疸消退时间、大便次数。结果 (1)治疗后观察组总有效率97.14%,对照组治疗总有效率82.35%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)治疗第5天观察组血清总胆红素值明显低于对照组,黄疸消退时间短于对照组,平均大便次数多于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01)。(3)两组患儿均无过敏及脱水等不良反应。结论整肠生治疗母乳性黄疸可缩短黄疸持续时间,显著降低血清总胆红素水平,提高治疗有效率。     

妈咪爱治疗母乳性黄疸疗效观察

目的：观察微生态制剂“妈咪爱”对母乳性黄疸的治疗作用。方法：将49例母乳性黄疸病例随机分为治疗和对照组,对照组停用母乳3d,治疗组除停用母乳外另加用“妈咪爱”口服。结果：两组病例3d后监测胆红素水平,治疗组胆红素下降54．6％,对照组胆红素下降39％。结论：妈咪爱对母乳性黄疸的治疗有显著的疗效。     

新生儿母乳性黄疸150 例分析

目的:探讨新生儿母乳性黄疸诊断及治疗。方法:回顾性分析150例母乳性黄疸患儿的临床资料。给予思密达1.5g·d和蓝光等治疗,部分患儿停喂母乳。结果:早发型母乳性黄疸治疗5～7天后黄疸全部消退。迟发型母乳性黄疸停母乳3天,92.6%黄疸消退。结论:新生儿母乳性黄疸采用药物等综合治疗效果显著,预后良好。     

酪酸梭菌活菌散在治疗母乳性黄疸中的应用

目的观察在常规治疗的基础上加用酪酸梭菌活菌散（商品名：宝乐安）治疗新生儿母乳性黄疸的疗效。方法176例母乳性黄疸患儿随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组90例,对照组86例,对照组采用常规治疗,治疗组在常规治疗基础上加服酪酸梭菌活菌散,2组均不停止母乳喂养,并观察2组患儿日均总胆红素水平及黄疸消退时间的变化。结果治疗组日均胆红素下降值为（58．61±26．52）μmol／L,显著高于对照组（39．12±25．41）μmol／L（P〈0．01）;黄疸消退时间,治疗组为（4．25±2．68）d,显著短于对照组（6．42±2．74）d（P〈0．01）。结论在常规治疗的基础上加用酪酸梭菌活菌散治疗母乳性黄疸,可迅速降低胆红素水平,缩短治疗时间。     

酪酸梭菌活菌散治疗母乳性黄疸疗效观察

目的观察酪酸梭菌活菌散（商品名：宝乐安）治疗母乳性黄疸的临床疗效。方法将60例母乳性黄疸的足月儿随机分为观察组30例和对照组30例。观察组在常规治疗的同时给予酪酸梭菌活菌散口服,0．5g／次,2次／d,加水2-5ml溶解口服;对照组仅常规治疗。2组均不停止母乳喂养。结果观察组胆红素日均下降值为（42．1±16．2）μmol／L,显著高于对照组的（22．6±11．2）μmol／L（P〈0．05）;观察组胆红素下降至119．5μmol／L以下的天数为（4．6±1．6）d,显著短于对照组的（9．6±2．5）d（P〈0．05）。结论酪酸梭菌活菌散治疗母乳性黄疸,可迅速降低胆红素水平,缩短治疗时间。     

凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片治疗母乳性黄疸的临床观察

目的探讨凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片（商品名：爽舒宝）治疗母乳性黄疸的临床疗效。方法将母乳性黄疸患儿69例随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组34例在常规治疗的同时给予口服凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片;对照组35例应用蓝光、菌栀黄颗粒等常规治疗。治疗中观察患儿黄疸消退时间并定期检测血清胆红素含量,血常规情况。结果治疗后观察组总有效率、日均胆红素下降值均明显高于对照组,治疗第5天血清胆红素值低于对照组,黄疸消退时间亦明显短于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组和对照组的白细胞计数和红细胞计数均降为正常值,血红蛋白也有所降低,但仍高于正常值,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论凝结芽孢杆菌活菌片治疗母乳性黄疸,可提高总有效率,迅速降低胆红素水平,缩短黄疸消退时间,且无不良反应发生。     

母乳性黄疸患儿肠道菌群宏基因组学研究

目的探讨母乳性黄疸(BMJ)患儿的肠道菌群情况。方法采用鸟枪法宏基因组测序方法,对16例BMJ患儿及16例正常婴儿的肠道菌群进行研究。结果 BMJ组与对照组中样品菌种丰度及菌群种类总的水平上差异无统计学意义(P0.05);在部分菌种上有差异,双歧杆菌、脆弱拟杆菌及多形拟杆菌在BMJ组中较对照组少(P0.05);在菌群基因的功能通路上差异也有统计学意义(P≤0.05),尤其是在糖合成和代谢基因功能通路中,BMJ组比对照组表达较少些,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 BMJ患儿肠道菌群的种类、丰度与正常同龄婴儿总体上差异不大,在菌种上有部分差异,双歧杆菌、脆弱拟杆菌及多形拟杆菌在BMJ患儿肠道中含量较少,可补充双歧杆菌、拟杆菌制剂使BMJ患儿的肠道菌群平衡。同时,在基因功能通路表达上,BMJ患儿与正常同龄婴儿有显著差别,特别是糖合成和代谢通路,可深入研究。     

微生态制剂"妈咪爱"治疗母乳性黄疸的临床观察

为探讨微生态制剂“妈咪爱”对母乳性黄疸的影响,对30例临床诊断的母乳性黄疸患儿随机分为治疗组和对照组,观察“妈咪爱”对母乳性黄疸血清胆红素影响,对十二指肠液胆红素影响,对胆汁和粪便中β-葡萄糖醛酸苷酶活性影响。结果显示,微生态制剂“妈咪爱”能降低血清胆红素值,减少十二指肠液和粪便中β-葡萄糖醛酸苷酶量。对母乳性黄疸患儿继续母乳喂养具有退黄治疗作用。     

酪酸梭菌活菌散在迟发型母乳性黄疸中的应用

目的探讨酪酸梭菌活菌散促进迟发型母乳性黄疸消退的疗效。方法将87例迟发型母乳性黄疽患儿随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组43例和观察组44例,对照组采用常规治疗,观察组在常规治疗的基础上加服酿酸梭菌活菌散,500mg/次,3次/d,两组均不停止母乳喂养。观察两组患儿日均胆红素水平的变化及黄疽消退时间。结果观察组日均胆红素下降程度显著大于对照组（P〈0. 01）,观察组黄疸消退时间明显短于对照组（P〈0. 01）,差异有统计学意义。结论在常规治疗的基础上加用酪酸梭菌活菌散治疗迟发型母乳性黄疸,不仅可加速胆红素降低水平,缩短黄疽持续时间,而且能显著缓解茵扼黄颗粒引起的腹泻,是一种简单、安全、有效的治疗措施,并减少停喂母乳对乳母及乳儿的不利影响,值得临床推广应用。     

Oligosaccharides from feces of preterm infants fed on breast milk

Nine neutral and five acidic oligosaccharides were isolated from feces of a preterm (30th postmenstrual week) blood group A nonsecretor infant fed on pooled breast milk. Structural analyses were carried out using sugar and methylation analyses, fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, and 1H NMR. The acidic oligosaccharides are well-known components of human milk. The neutral oligosaccharides are characteristic of nonsecretor milk. Surprisingly, no secretor gene-dependent oligosaccharides were present in the feces. Another preterm (27th postmenstrual week) blood group A, secretor infant fed on pooled breast milk showed the same fecal oligosaccharide pattern as above during the first week after birth, despite being a secretor individual. Also notable was the absence of blood group A-active oligosaccharides in this sample. Another sample of feces collected 8 weeks later from the latter infant contained the expected blood group A-active oligosaccharides. Furthermore, free sialic acid was present at the cost of the sialyl oligosaccharides seen earlier. Thus, infants born prematurely do not show the same degree of development of oligosaccharide metabolism as their more mature counterparts.     

Obstructive jaundice due to a chlorinated hydrocarbon in breast milk.

A 6-week-old breast-fed infant had obstructive jaundice and hepatomegaly. When a dry-cleaning solvent, tetrachloroethylene, was detected in the mother''s milk and blood, breast-feeding was discontinued. Rapid clinical and biochemical improvement followed. The child grew normally and had normal liver function during 2 years of follow-up.     

禽畜养殖粪便中多重抗生素抗性细菌研究

通过对新乡地区8家养猪场和11家养鸡场饲喂抗生素情况的调研,发现头孢氨苄、阿莫西林、卡那霉素、庆大霉素等4种抗生素是该地区被普遍使用的兽药抗生素。通过多点取样法和微生物培养技术对3家养鸡场和3家养猪场不同养殖时期的粪便进行单一抗生素和多重抗生素抗性细菌的检测,结果表明养鸡场堆置1周的粪便中抗头孢氨苄的细菌比例最高,达到65.90%,对所研究的3种和4种抗生素同时抗性的比例高达8.60%—12.51%和9.73%,明显高于饲喂中药的对照养鸡场样本检测结果(0.02%—2.73%和0.12%)。养猪场堆置1周的粪便中检测到抗头孢氨苄的细菌比例也是最高,达到49.12%上,但养猪场粪便中多重抗生素抗性细菌的比例明显低于养鸡场。同时研究发现,在两种养殖场中,幼龄期粪便中检测到的多重抗性细菌比例明显高于成熟期粪便,这可能与养殖过程中鸡、猪在幼龄期由于防病和促生长等因素而同时大剂量使用多种抗生素有关。     

酪酸梭菌活菌散联合光疗治疗新生儿母乳性黄疸临床观察

目的探讨酪酸梭菌活菌散（商品名：宝乐安）联合光疗治疗母乳性黄疸的临床疗效。方法将母乳性黄疸患儿116例随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组59例在光疗、补液等常规治疗的同时给予口服酪酸梭菌活菌散;对照组57例应用光疗、补液等常规治疗。治疗中观察患儿黄疸消退时间并定期检测血清胆红素含量,比较胆红素日均下降速度及治愈时间。结果观察组治愈时间短于对照组（P〈0．05）,观察组日均胆红素下降值高于对照组（P〈0．01）,差异具有非常显著性。结论酪酸梭菌活菌散联合光疗治疗母乳性黄疸能够缩短光疗时间和快速降低血清胆红素,值得临床推广应用。     

Antibiotic sensitivity of gram-negative opportunistic bacteria isolated from the feces of newborn infants with intestinal infections

Antibiotic sensitivity of 136 pure cultures of gram negative aerobic potentially pathogenic bacteria was assayed. The bacteria were isolated from feces of newborns with intestinal infections. It was shown that the majority of the strains were resistant to 4-5 antibiotics widely used in treatment of patients. However, they were sensitive to gentamicin and polymyxin M.