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| 模拟降雨下草地植被调控坡面土壤侵蚀过程 | |
| 引用本文： | 甘卓亭,叶佳,周旗,周正朝,上官周平.模拟降雨下草地植被调控坡面土壤侵蚀过程[J].生态学报,2010,30(9):2387-2396. |
| 作者姓名： | 甘卓亭 叶佳 周旗 周正朝 上官周平 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室、宝鸡文理学院,宝鸡,721007 2. 陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院,西安,710062;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨陵,712100 3. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,杨陵,712100 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目（40901131）；教育部高等学校博士点学科新教师基金资助项目（SRFDP200807181008）；陕西省教育厅科研计划资助项目（09JS071, 09JS073）；宝鸡文理学院重点资助项目（ZK0846） |
| 摘 要： | 采用人工模拟降雨的方法,定量研究了黄土高原地区不同生长阶段黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)和红豆草(Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.)及裸地坡面的降雨产流产沙过程,并通过降雨前剪掉冠层的方法对比分析了两种牧草根系与冠层在减少坡面径流与侵蚀产沙中的贡献率。试验结果表明:与裸土坡面相比,两种牧草都能有效的控制坡面土壤侵蚀,在试验末期黑麦草和红豆草的减流效益分别为65%和45%,而两者的减沙效益均在93%以上。两种牧草根系与冠层减少坡面径流与泥沙贡献率存在一定的差异,黑麦草冠层比根系具有更大的减流贡献率,除最后试验阶段冠层减流贡献率为44.7%外,在其他试验阶段黑麦草冠层的贡献率大于60%。相反,红豆草对坡面径流的减少则主要依赖于根系的作用。植物根系在控制坡面土壤侵蚀产沙中发挥着很大的作用。从实验初期到实验末期,黑麦草和红豆草根系的减沙贡献率分别由72%和16%增加到96%和93%。 |
| 关 键 词： | 根系与冠层 减流减沙 坡面侵蚀 黄土高原 |
| 收稿时间： | 8/1/2009 12:00:00 AM |
| 修稿时间： | 2009/11/22 0:00:00 |
Effects of grass vegetations on the processes of soil erosion over slope lands in simulated rainfalls |
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| Gan Zhuo Ting.Effects of grass vegetations on the processes of soil erosion over slope lands in simulated rainfalls[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2010,30(9):2387-2396. | |
| Authors: | Gan Zhuo Ting |
| Affiliation: | Baoji University of Arts and Sciences |
| Abstract: | The processes of running off and sedimentation over slope lands covered by ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.) in their different growing periods as well as by bare soil were studied in simulated rainfall conditions on the Loess Plateau. The contributions of the roots and canopies of ryegrass and sainfoin to reducing the runoff and sediment over the slope lands were compared, by means of cutting off the canopies of the two types of grasses over some experimental pans before a rainfall. The results showed that both ryegrass and sainfoin could control the soil erosion over the slope lands effectively. At the final period of the experiment, the runoff was decreased by 65% over the ryegrass lands and 45% over the sainfoin lands respectively; the sediment was reduced by over 93% on both lands. It was also indicated that the contributions of the roots and canopies to reducing the runoff and sediment were different for both ryegrass and sainfoin. The ryegrass canopies contributed more than the roots to reducing the runoff, by over 60% runoff decreased in most periods except for a 44.7% runoff reduction in the final period. On the contrary, the decreasing of runoff by the sainfoin over slope lands mainly relied on the roots. Meanwhile, the roots of the plants largely affected the controlling of soil erosion on the slope lands; from the first to the final period during the experiment, with the growth of the roots, the reduction of the sediment by the ryegrass was increased from 72% to 96%, and prominently increased from 16% to 93% by the sainfoin. |
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