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西北太平洋柔鱼栖息地环境因子分析及其对资源丰度的影响
引用本文:余为,陈新军.西北太平洋柔鱼栖息地环境因子分析及其对资源丰度的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(15):5032-5039.
作者姓名:余为  陈新军
作者单位:上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306,上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306;大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306;远洋渔业协同创新中心, 上海 201306
基金项目:国家863计划(2012AA092303); 国家发改委产业化专项(2159999); 上海市科技创新行动计划(12231203900); 国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD13B01); 上海海洋大学研究生创新能力培养-优秀研究生论文培育计划资助
摘    要:柔鱼(Ommastrephes bartramii)是西北太平洋海域重要的经济头足类,短生命周期的生活史特征决定其资源丰度易受海洋环境变化影响。根据1998—2010年我国鱿钓船生产统计资料和环境资料,包括海表温度(SST)和叶绿素浓度(Chl-a)数据,结合Nio 3.4区海表温距平值(SSTA),分析了SST和Chl-a浓度的季节和年际变化特征,并分别探讨了SST和Chl-a浓度距平值与Nio 3.4区SSTA及柔鱼资源丰度之间的关系。结果表明,产卵场海域Chl-a浓度冬季高夏季低,SST则夏季高冬季低;育肥场Chl-a和SST均呈夏季高冬季低变化,但6—12月份Chl-a浓度波动明显。产卵场和育肥场SST及Chl-a浓度年际变化明显。同时研究发现,厄尔尼诺、拉尼娜和正常年份时Nio 3.4区SSTA对柔鱼产卵场和育肥场环境的调控机制不同:拉尼娜和正常年份产卵场和育肥场温度上升,叶绿素浓度变化幅度小,有利于资源量补充,产量较高;厄尔尼诺年份温度和叶绿素均降低,尤其育肥场叶绿素浓度,对资源量产生不利影响,产量锐减。研究利用多元线性回归分别建立了基于温度和叶绿素的柔鱼资源丰度的预测模型,两者均能很好的预测柔鱼资源丰度(P0.05),但基于叶绿素的预测模型优于温度模型。

关 键 词:柔鱼  资源丰度  海表温度  叶绿素a  预报模型
收稿时间:2014/1/27 0:00:00
修稿时间:2015/5/29 0:00:00

Analysis of environmental conditions and their influence on the abundance of neon flying squid in the Northwest Pacific Ocean
YU Wei and CHEN Xinjun.Analysis of environmental conditions and their influence on the abundance of neon flying squid in the Northwest Pacific Ocean[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(15):5032-5039.
Authors:YU Wei and CHEN Xinjun
Affiliation:College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China and College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Distant-water Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China
Abstract:The neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartramii, is a species of economically important cephalopods distributed in the Northwest Pacific Ocean that has become the fishing target of Chinese squid-jigging fleets. O. bartramii has a short lifespan, which determines vulnerability of the species abundance caused by the changes in environmental conditions at the spawning and feeding grounds. In this study, the fishery data collected by the Chinese squid-jigging fleets and environmental data including sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentration were used to analyze the seasonal and interannual variability of SST and Chl-a concentration at the spawning and feeding grounds of O. bartramii. The relationship between environmental variability and sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the Niño 3.4 region and the influences of environmental conditions on the abundance of O. bartramii were also discussed. The results showed that Chl-a concentration was high in the winter and low in the summer, while SST was high in the summer and low in the winter at the spawning ground of the species. At the feeding ground of O. bartramii, the environmental conditions varied seasonally from high SST and Chl-a concentration in the summer to low SST and Chl-a concentration in the winter. Moreover, Chl-a concentration dramatically fluctuated between June and December. The interannual variability of SST and Chl-a concentration at the spawning and feeding grounds were also detected. Furthermore, the mechanism of the SSTA in the Niño 3.4 region that affected the environment at the spawning and fishing grounds of the neon flying squid varied in different abnormal years. The SST at the spawning and fishing grounds increased and variability of Chl-a concentration decreased during the La Niña and normal years, during which period the marine environmental conditions were favorable for the recruitment of O. bartramii and its catch increased. During the El Niño year, the SST and especially Chl-a concentration decreased at the fishing ground, and marine environmental conditions were unfavorable for the recruitment of O. bartramii, resulting in a dramatic decline in the catch of the neon flying squid. Forecasting models of the abundance of neon flying squid based on SSTA and Chl-a concentration anomaly were developed by using the multivariate linear regression. The analyses suggested that the two models could be used to accurately predict the abundance index of O. bartramii; however, the forecasting model based on Chl-a concentration anomaly was better than the SST-based model.
Keywords:Ommastrephes bartramii  abundance index  sea surface temperature  chlorophyll a  forecasting model
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