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围垦对长江口南岸底栖动物群落结构及多样性的影响
引用本文:袁兴中,陆健健.围垦对长江口南岸底栖动物群落结构及多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2001,21(10):1642-1647.
作者姓名:袁兴中  陆健健
作者单位:华东师范大学
基金项目:国家教育部高校湿地专项基金资助项目
摘    要:通过对长江口南岸围垦潮滩和自然潮滩大型底栖无脊椎动物进行取样调查,研究了围垦潮滩的底栖动物群落结构及其多样性特性,分析了围垦对潮滩底栖动物群落结构及多样性的影响,研究发现,(1)围垦氏栖动物群落种类减少,种类组成发生变化;总趋势是,围垦以后,甲壳动物种类明显减少,由7种减少到1种;随着围垦时间延长,多毛类种类减少,由4种减少到3种,直到最后消失,而软体动物和昆虫幼虫种类所占比例则明显增加,分别从占总种数的29.41%,5.89%增加到50.00%和25.00%;(2)围垦1a且仍受潮水影响的潮滩,底栖动物种类丰度虽有降低,但其密度和生物量却明显增加,分别从132.10个/m^2,35.31g/m^2(湿重)增加到218.32个/m/ 2和79.66g/m^2(湿重),围垦2a且潮水不能进入的潮滩,底栖动物生物量大大降低,降到3.02g/m^2(湿重);(3)围垦时间短且仍受潮水影响的潮滩与未围垦的自然潮滩相比,其底栖动物多样性降低不明显,围垦时间长且潮水不能进入的潮滩,底栖动物多样性明显降低,反映了围垦导致潮滩湿地生境退化;(4)围垦对底栖动物群落结构及多样性的影响,是通过改变潮滩湿地生境中的多种环境因子造成的,如潮滩高保,水,动力,沉积物特性,植被演替等,是各种因子综合作用的结果。

关 键 词:底栖动物群落  物种多样性  潮滩  围垦  长江口南岸
文章编号:1000-0933(2001)10-1642-06
收稿时间:2000/2/16 0:00:00
修稿时间:2000/12/2 0:00:00

Influence of diking on the benthic macro-invertebrate community structure and diversity in the south bank of the Changjiang Estuary
YUAN Xingzhong and LU Jianjian.Influence of diking on the benthic macro-invertebrate community structure and diversity in the south bank of the Changjiang Estuary[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2001,21(10):1642-1647.
Authors:YUAN Xingzhong and LU Jianjian
Affiliation:State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research; East China Normal University; Shanghai; China
Abstract:Based on the data collected from samplings on the benthic macro-invertebrate community in the natural and diked tidal flats in the south bank of the Changjiang Estuary,the composition of species,diversity,and community structure were analyzed.Major conclusions from this research are:1.After diking,species richness decreased in the tidal flat,and the composition of species also changed.The species number of Crustacea obviously decreased from 7 to 1,and that of Polychaeta decreased from 4 to 3 disappeared at ...
Keywords:benthic macro-invertebrate community  species diversity  tidal flat  dike  the south bank of the Changjiang Estuary
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