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城市可持续发展能力的能值评价新指标
引用本文:陆宏芳,叶正,赵新锋,彭少麟.城市可持续发展能力的能值评价新指标[J].生态学报,2003,23(7):1363-1368.
作者姓名:陆宏芳  叶正  赵新锋  彭少麟
作者单位:1. 中国科学院华南植物研究所,广州,51065
2. 中山市园林管理处,中山,528402
3. 华南农业大学,广州,510642
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 3 0 2 70 2 82,3 0 1 70 1 47),广东省团队资助项目 ( 0 3 0 3 1 ),中国科学院华南植物研究所所长基金资助项目~~
摘    要:能值理论、方法克服了传统能量与经济分析方法的诸多缺憾,为城市可持续发展的研究提供了全新的视角。但作为一种新兴的理论,其评价指标,尤其是针对城市可持续发展能力的综合评价指标尚不完善。从生态经济效益及环境影响的全面表达角度,剖析了国际现行可持续发展能值指标(ESI)的不足之处,并在此基础上拓展构建了新的可持续发展能值指标(EISD)。以珠江三角洲中山市1996~2000年的发展动态为例进行了案例研究。结果表明,新拓展的可持续发展能值指标.在系统效益评价中考虑了系统能值产出的实际经济效果,在环境影响评价中同时考虑了系统的消耗影响和排放影响,可以更全面明晰的评价城市系统的可持续发展能力、状态及其成因,为系统的优化指明方向。

关 键 词:指标  能值  城市可持续发展  中山市
收稿时间:2/5/2003 12:00:00 AM
修稿时间:2003/4/10 0:00:00

A new emergy index for urban sustainable development
LU Hongfang,YE Zheng,ZHAO Xinfeng and PENG Shaolin.A new emergy index for urban sustainable development[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2003,23(7):1363-1368.
Authors:LU Hongfang  YE Zheng  ZHAO Xinfeng and PENG Shaolin
Affiliation:South China Institute of Botany; Academic Science; Guangzhou; China
Abstract:The evaluation of the sustainable development ability of urban ecological economic systems quantitatively has been more and more highlighted, following the non-invertible urbanization trend of the world. New methods are needed to solving the interface problem between nature and economic society. Founded by H.T. Odum, emergy synthesis has been seemed as a bridge between natural and economic system. Broken through the "energy quality wall" of traditional energy theory, emergy theory realized the unified assessment of energies with different quality and type and moved the energy analysis into a new phase. But the emergy indices system for this evaluation is still young and need to be improved. The establishment of Emergy Sustainable index (ESI) and its quantification partly covered the gap of emergy index for sustainable development and promoted the study of sustainable development. However, the sub-index which it used to express the sustainable benefit is not always beneficial and helpful to our sustainable development, limited by our current knowledge and technology. Simultaneously, the sub-index which it used to express the environmental impact can only reflect the consumption structure of resource, leaving the environmental impact of expelled pollutant be neglected. This paper is a study on emergy indices for the evaluation of urban's sustainable development ability. Based on the deficiency analysis of ESI and the concept of sustainable development, a new Emergy Index for Sustainable Development (EISD) is deduced. Employing EISD, a case study is conducted to evaluate the development of Zhongshan city Pearl Delta, during 1996 to 2000. The result is that the EISD of Zhongshan had appreciably declined from 0.1573 in 1996 to 0.1510 in 1998, and quickly improved from 0.1510 in 1998 to 0.1785 in 2000. The consume structure of Zhongshan city was less and less depended on nonrenewable resource come from local natural or purchasing, with its Environmental Loading Ratio (ELR) decreased from 5.2761 in 1996 to 3.6769 in 2000. On the contrary, the Emergy Waste Ratio (EWR) increased from 0.1384 in 1996 to 0.1779 in 2000. Finally, the whole environmental impact decreased from 5.4145 in 1996 to 3.8548 in 2000. The decreasing of Emergy Yield Ratio (EYR) of Zhongshan city shows that Zhongshan city is more and more depended on the purchased input, and the percent of renewable resource in purchased input had increased during 1997 to 2000. The Emergy Exchange Ratio (EER) of Zhongshan city had decreased from 1997 to 2000, partly because of its product construction and the influence of economic decline of the whole world. Zhongshan city should pay more attention to improve its production efficiency and decrease its waste ratio. More ecology principles should by applied into the development of urban system, with the accelerated urbanization of our country. The case study shows that EISD can assessment the sustainable development ability more roundly, with the consideration of environmental impact and social-economic effect simultaneously. The EISD can be used in both transverse comparison study of different systems which have the same output and fore-and-aft optimizing accounting of a current or burgeoning system. The EISD still has some weakness, such as the neglect of social benefits etc., need to be promoted by further analysis and practice.
Keywords:index  emergy  urban sustainable development  Zhongshan city
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