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海南岛热带低地雨林攀援竹叶片光合特性季节动态
引用本文:徐瑞晶,胡 璇,刘广路,郭 雯,漆良华.海南岛热带低地雨林攀援竹叶片光合特性季节动态[J].西北植物学报,2020,40(2):345-352.
作者姓名:徐瑞晶  胡 璇  刘广路  郭 雯  漆良华
作者单位:(1 国际竹藤中心,竹藤科学与技术重点实验室,北京100102;2 海南三亚竹藤伴生林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,海南三亚 572000)
基金项目:国际竹藤中心基本科研业务费(1632019027,1632017007)
摘    要:为探究攀援竹的光合生理特性及其在热带雨林中的生存适应机制,该研究应用LI-6400便携式光合作用测定系统,分别于2、4、7和11月测定了海南岛甘什岭热带低地雨林的无耳藤竹(攀援能力较强)和响子竹(攀援能力较差)光响应曲线和CO2响应曲线。结果显示:(1)无耳藤竹各月份的最大光合速率、光饱和点、光补偿点、暗呼吸效率和气孔导度总体大于响子竹,表观量子效率和胞间CO2浓度总体小于响子竹。(2)两个竹种的最大光合速率、光饱和点、光补偿点、暗呼吸效率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度和蒸腾速率均在7月份较高,表观量子效率和水分利用效率则均在2月份较高。(3)无耳藤竹各月份的羧化效率、饱和最大净光合速率和光呼吸速率均高于响子竹,两竹种4月份的CO2饱和点和CO2补偿点最高,但羧化效率和饱和最大光合速率较低。研究表明,无耳藤竹为阳性植物,其光合能力优于响子竹,对CO2浓度变化的适应能力更强,而响子竹以其耐荫的特性在热带雨林中与其他物种共存;两攀援竹种的光合能力均表现为雨季大于旱季,它们在雨季主要通过提高光饱和点、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度来提高其净光合速率,在旱季主要通过降低蒸腾速率和提高水分利用效率来维持光合作用;两种攀援竹光合特性季节变化是环境和竹种自身生理特性共同作用的结果,不同的光合生理特性决定了其在热带雨林中不同的生存策略。

关 键 词:热带低地雨林  攀援竹  光合特性  季节动态

Seasonal Dynamics of Photosynthetic Characteristics in Climbing Bamboo Leaves of Tropical Lowland Rain Forest in Hainan Island
XU Ruijing,HU Xuan,LIU Guanglu,GUO Wen,QI Lianghua.Seasonal Dynamics of Photosynthetic Characteristics in Climbing Bamboo Leaves of Tropical Lowland Rain Forest in Hainan Island[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2020,40(2):345-352.
Authors:XU Ruijing  HU Xuan  LIU Guanglu  GUO Wen  QI Lianghua
Affiliation:(International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China;2National Positioning and Monitoring Station for Ecosystem of Bamboo and Rattan Associated Forest in Sanya, Sanya, Hainan 572000, China)
Abstract:Taking naturally distributed Dinochloa orenuda (strong climbing ability) and Bonia levigata (weak climbing ability) in Ganshenling, Hainan Island as the experimental materials, we investigated light response curve and the CO2 response curve of leaves in February, April, July and November to analyze photosynthetic characteristics of climbing bamboo and their adaptation mechanisms to rainforests by using Li 6400 portable photosynthesis system. Results showed that: (1) compared to B. levigata, D. orenuda generally had higher light saturated maximum net photosynthetic rate (Pnlmax), light saturation point (LSP), light compensation point (LCP), dark respiration efficiency (Rd) and stomatal conductance (Cond), but showed lower apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) determined in each month. (2)The Pnlmax, LSP, LCP, Rd, Cond, Ci and Tr of the two bamboo species determined in July were higher than those determined in other months, and the AQE and water use efficiency (WUE) determined in February were higher than those determined in other months. (3) The carboxylation efficiency (CE), CO2 saturated net photosynthetic rate (Pncmax) and photorespiration rate (Rp) determined in each month of D. orenuda were higher than those of B. levigate. For the two bamboo species, the CO2 saturation point and CO2 compensation point determined in April were higher than those determined in other months, but their CE and Pncmax were lower. In general, D. orenuda was a light loving plant which had stronger photosynthetic capacity and adaptive capacity to CO2 concentration changed, while B. levigata coexisted with other species in tropical rain forests due to its shade tolerant properties. The two bamboos both generally had stronger photosynthetic capacity during the rainy season than during the dry season. In the rainy season. two bamboos mainly increased their net photosynthetic rate by increasing LSP, Cond, and Ci, and during the dry season, photosynthesis was mainly maintained by reducing Tr and increasing WUE. Overall, Seasonal changes in photosynthetic characteristics of two bamboos were the result of the combined action of the environment and the physiological characteristics of the species. The two bamboos grown in the rainforest developed different survival strategies due to their different photosynthetic characteristics.
Keywords:tropical lowland rain forest  climbing bamboo  photosynthetic characteristics  seasonal dynamics
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