| 史前古人类之间的基因交流及对当今现代人的影响 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 张明,付巧妹.史前古人类之间的基因交流及对当今现代人的影响[J].人类学学报,2018,37(2):206-218. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 张明 付巧妹 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室;中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心;中国科学院大学 |
| |
| 摘 要： | 古DNA实验技术及高通量测序技术的出现和发展,使得直接从古老化石中进行遗传物质的提取及测序成为可能,与古人类相关的基因组学研究因此取得了一系列突破性进展,已灭绝的古老型人类(如:尼安德特人和丹尼索瓦人)与非洲以外现代人之间基因的相互影响已被诸多证据所证实。研究表明,在史前时期,早期现代人向非洲以外地区扩散时,遭遇到了现已灭绝的古老型人类,他们在同一时空内长期共存,并发生了基因交流,有一部分古老型人类基因因此流向了现代人,有些基因一直流传至今,对当今现代人的基因组成产生重大影响;此外,不同古老型人类之间也存在基因交流;而早期现代人也对部分古老型人类的基因组成造成了影响。化石与古DNA信息的证据均表明,史前各种人类之间的基因交流在多个地区发生多次,他们的基因交流共同构建了当今现代人的基因库,并在生理机能、形态和疾病发生率等方面对现代人造成了深远的影响。
|
| 关 键 词： | 尼安德特人 丹尼索瓦人 早期现代人 基因交流 古DNA 高通量测序 |
Prehistoric interbreeding between archaic human groups and anatomically
modern humans |
| |
| ZHANG Ming,FU Qiaomei.Prehistoric interbreeding between archaic human groups and anatomically
modern humans[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2018,37(2):206-218. |
| |
| Authors: | ZHANG Ming FU Qiaomei |
| |
| Abstract: | With the emergence and advancements in ancient DNA experimental methods and high-throughput sequencing technology, it is increasingly possible to directly extract and retrieve genetic materials from ancient human fossils. This has led to a series of breakthroughs in the genomic research of archaic humans, including reconstructing the past interactions between archaic humans (i.e. Neanderthals and Denisovans) and modern humans outside Africa. Fossil and ancient DNA evidences indicate that as the early modern humans spread from Africa, they encountered and received genes from archaic humans after some coexistence with them; likewise, the genes of early modern humans affected certain archaic populations, and that the archaic populations had genetic admixture among themselves. Interbreeding among prehistoric humans occurred many times across geography, and has laid down the foundation of the gene pool of modern humans. It is profoundly influencing the way we think about our physiology and morphology as well as the prevalence of diseases in present-day. |
| |
| Keywords: | Neanderthals Denisovans Early modern humans Interbreeding Ancient DNA High-throughput DNA sequencing technologies |
| 本文献已被 CNKI 等数据库收录！ |
| 点击此处可从《人类学学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
|
点击此处可从《人类学学报》下载全文 |
|
