| 石灰岩石器使用功效的模拟实验——以重庆巫山玉米洞遗址为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 贺存定,赵卓,余金声,吴婵,胡鑫,吴雁.石灰岩石器使用功效的模拟实验——以重庆巫山玉米洞遗址为例[J].人类学学报,2019,38(3):460-472. |
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| 作者姓名： | 贺存定 赵卓 余金声 吴婵 胡鑫 吴雁 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西北大学文化遗产学院,西安 7100692. 重庆中国三峡博物馆,重庆 400015 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家社科基金一般项目(17BKG010) |
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| 摘 要： | 本文以巫山玉米洞遗址为例,对石灰岩石器进行复制与使用功效的模拟实验,结果表明有些石灰岩在石器打制层面表现出较好的适用性,石灰岩石器在常规的砍砸、切割、挖掘等行为活动中表现出良好的功能实用性和效率。通过实验标本与遗址出土石器的对比分析,我们认为该遗址应存在优选天然毛坯直接使用而形成的“使用石器”,类型主要集中在砍砸器和手镐等重型工具,但二次加工的石器比“使用石器”更为有效耐用;有尖类石器在作用于硬性对象或结构不稳定、受力不均时容易产生残损,与出土有尖类石器较高的残损率相吻合;把手修理在石器使用过程中显得非常必要,为遗址出土石器普遍存在把手修理现象提供了合理解释。
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| 关 键 词： | 三峡地区 玉米洞遗址 石灰岩石器 使用实验 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-04-16 |
A simulated experiment of use efficiency of the limestone lithics: As an example of the Yumidong site in Wushan,Chongqing |
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| HE Cunding,ZHAO Zhuo,YU Jinsheng,WU Chan,HU Xin,WU Yan.A simulated experiment of use efficiency of the limestone lithics: As an example of the Yumidong site in Wushan,Chongqing[J].Acta Anthropologica Sinica,2019,38(3):460-472. |
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| Authors: | HE Cunding ZHAO Zhuo YU Jinsheng WU Chan HU Xin WU Yan |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Culture Heritage, Northwest University, Xi’an 7100692. Chongqing China Three Gorges Museum, Chongqing 400015 |
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| Abstract: | In this paper, the Yumidong site in Wushan, Chongqing is studied. With the help of simulated experiments on the duplication and the effectiveness of the use of limestone in the Yumidong site, we obtained results which indicate that some limestone shows good applicability in knapping and use in routine cutting, digging and other behavioral activities, which shows good functional utility and efficiency. Comparing the experimental specimens and the lithics found in the site, we argue that “utilized tools” created by the direct use of preferred natural blanks are present. This type of wear is mainly concentrated on heavy tools, similar to choppers and picks, but the retouched tools in the assemblage are more effective and durable than such utilized pieces. Pointed tools are easy to damaged when they are applied to hard objects due to structural instability and uneven stress exerted on the piece. This situation is consistent with the higher damage rate of excavated pointed tools. Re-shaping the proximal part of the tool for holding is very necessary during use. It provides a reasonable explanation for the universal existence of repaired proximal ends in the lithics founded in the site. |
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| Keywords: | Three Gorges region Yumidong site Limestone tools Using experiment |
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