| 中国特有濒危植物伯乐树根的生态解剖学研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 乔琦,文香英,陈红锋,邢福武.中国特有濒危植物伯乐树根的生态解剖学研究[J].武汉植物学研究,2010,28(5):544-549. |
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| 作者姓名： | 乔琦 文香英 陈红锋 邢福武 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650 |
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| 基金项目： | BGCI中国项目，科技部科技基础性工作专项重点项目，广东省自然科学基金，河南科技大学人才科研基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 伯乐树（Bretschneidera sinensis Hemsl.）是中国特有濒危的第三纪孑遗植物。本研究采用石蜡切片、整体封片、扫描电镜和激光共聚焦扫描等技术研究其根的表面特征和形态结构,从生态解剖学角度揭示其对生境的适应和特殊要求。结果显示伯乐树作为特殊的菌根型木本植物,根尖表面无根毛分化;初生结构包括表皮、皮层和中柱三部分,系原始的发育类型,其皮层明显排列为两轮且存在自然的间隙,皮层内有含黑芥子酶的分泌细胞,中柱内有髓。菌根菌以单菌丝或菌丝网侵入根表皮,并刺激表皮分泌沉积了较厚的无定形物质,入侵后可在皮层间隙内大量分枝,还能进一步形成泡囊结构;菌根菌在寄主细胞内常包围在淀粉粒的周围吸收营养,同时部分菌丝在细胞内被分解形成小泡和碎屑,为寄主细胞提供营养以形成共生关系。根据以上特征,应在就地保护和迁地保育中深入研究适宜伯乐树的土壤条件,以促进菌根的发生和发育。
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| 关 键 词： | 伯乐树 根 生态解剖学 内生菌根 |
Ecological Anatomy of the Root in Bretschneidera sinensis,a Threatened Endemic Plant in China |
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| QIAO Qi,WEN Xiang-Ying,CHEN Hong-Feng,XING Fu-Wu.Ecological Anatomy of the Root in Bretschneidera sinensis,a Threatened Endemic Plant in China[J].Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research,2010,28(5):544-549. |
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| Authors: | QIAO Qi WEN Xiang-Ying CHEN Hong-Feng XING Fu-Wu |
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| Affiliation: | 1.College of Agriculture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang,Henan 471003,China;2.South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China) |
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| Abstract: | Bretschneidera sinensis,a tertiary relict species,is a threatened endemic plant in China.To clarify its adaptation and special habitat needs,the ecological anatomy of its root,i.e.its external morphology,micro-morphological characteristics and anatomic structure,was studied by paraffin section,whole mount section,scanning electron microscopy（SEM）and laser scanning confocal microscope（LSCM）.Results showed that root hair was not differentiated in the root tip as a special mycorrhizal plant.The epidermis,cortex and vascular cylinder were encompassed in the primary structure.However,the radicle differentiation was primitive and there were two circles with natural gap in the cortex.The cortex contained secreting cells with myrosinase and the vascular cylinder contained pith.After colonization with mycorrhizal fungi by single hyphae or hyphae net,the epidermis cell walls were deposited with a thick layer of amorphous material.Hyphae could grow and branch in the gap in the cortex,and vesicle from the mycorrhizal fungi also presented in the intercellular space.To form the symbiotic relationship,hyphae in the host cells always surrounded the starch grains to absorb nutrition;simultaneously some of them were decomposed into little vesicles and clastics providing nutrition to the host cell.According to the characteristics of the root above,the detailed study on the appropriate soil condition for B.sinensis should be carried out for in situ and ex situ conservation,to facilitate the occurrence and development of endotrophic mycorrhiza. |
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| Keywords: | Bretschneidera sinensis Root Ecological anatomy Endotrophic mycorrhiza |
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