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长期施肥对东北黑土酶活性的影响
引用本文:王树起,韩晓增,乔云发,王守宇.长期施肥对东北黑土酶活性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2008,19(3):551-556.
作者姓名:王树起  韩晓增  乔云发  王守宇
作者单位:中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,哈尔滨,150081
基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程项目 , 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)
摘    要:在中国科学院海伦农业生态实验站长期定位试验基础上,研究了长期施用化肥和有机肥对黑土0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和转化酶活性及土壤全碳和全氮的影响.结果表明:长期施用化肥和有机肥均不同程度地提高了0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层土壤磷酸酶、脲酶和转化酶活性,特别是化肥和有机肥配合施用显著增加了该3种土壤酶的活性,增幅分别为43.6%~113.2%、25.9%~79.5%、14.7%~134.4%(0~20 cm)和56.1%~127.2%、14.5%~113.8%、16.2%~207.2%(20~40 cm),长期施用化肥对土壤过氧化氢酶活性影响不大.随着土层深度的增加,土壤磷酸酶、脲酶和转化酶活性均有所降低;长期施用氮肥对土壤脲酶、施用磷肥对土壤磷酸酶有明显的促进作用;长期施肥对土壤全C、全N含量及C/N也有明显影响.

关 键 词:黑土  长期施肥  化肥  有机肥  土壤酶  土壤深度  施肥  东北  黑土酶活性  酶活性影响  Northeast  China  black  soil  activities  enzyme  fertilization  含量  土壤全  作用  磷肥  施用氮肥  土层深度  过氧化氢酶  土壤酶的活性  配合施用  施用化肥  土壤脲酶
文章编号:1001-9332(2008)03-0551-06
收稿时间:2007-02-07
修稿时间:2007年2月7日

Effects of long-term fertilization on enzyme activities in black soil of Northeast China.
WANG Shu-qi,HAN Xiao-zeng,QIAO Yun-fa,WANG Shou-yu.Effects of long-term fertilization on enzyme activities in black soil of Northeast China.[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2008,19(3):551-556.
Authors:WANG Shu-qi  HAN Xiao-zeng  QIAO Yun-fa  WANG Shou-yu
Affiliation:Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China. wsq200131@sohu.com
Abstract:In this paper, black soil samples at the depths of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm were collected from the Hailun Agricultural Ecology Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences to study the effects of long-term fertilization on their urease, invertase, phosphatase and catalase activities and total C and N contents. The results showed that long-term application of chemical fertilizers and organic manure increased the activities of urease, invertase and phosphatase in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers in different degree, and the combined application of them increased the activities of the three enzymes significantly, with an increment of 43.6%-113.2%, 25.9%-79.5% and 14.7%-134.4% in 0-20 cm soil layer and 56.1%-127.2%, 14.5%-113.8% and 16.2%-207.2% in 20-40 cm soil layer, respectively. However, long-term application of chemical fertilizers without organic manure had little effects on catalase activity. The activities of urease, invertase and phosphatase decreased with increasing soil depth. Long-term application of N fertilizer increased urease activity, and P fertilization had obvious positive effect on phosphatase activity. Long-term fertilization also had obvious effects on the soil total C and N contents and C/N ratio.
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