| 新型降水分布数学模型研究及其应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 张升堂,康绍忠,刘音.新型降水分布数学模型研究及其应用[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(3):555-558. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张升堂 康绍忠 刘音 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 杨凌, 712100;2. 杨凌职业技术学院水利系, 杨凌, 712100;3. 中国农业大学中国农业水问题研究中心, 北京, 100083 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金重点资助项目 ( 5 0 3390 30 ) . |
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| 摘 要： | 在分布式水文模型中,单元栅格内的降水输入是准确模拟各种水文过程的关键因素,寻求产生分布式降水数据的方法是水文模型研究的热点之一.在对国内外降水模型分析基础上,认为流域面上实际降水分布是天气系统降水与下垫面地形影响共同作用的结果,如果不受地形影响,天气系统降水的降水量等值线在平面上的分布近似为一组同心椭圆.根据这一原理,建立了一种能够模拟天气系统降水分布,并利用牛顿插值法对模拟结果进行地形影响修正的新型降水分布数学模型,提出了对降水中心位置及其中心降水量的模型模拟.利用黄土高原西川河流域实测资料对模型进行了检验,结果表明,该模型具有较高精度.由于模型概念简单明晰,且能指明降水中心位置及其中心降水量,因此在流域暴雨分析和洪水预报中具有一定价值.
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| 关 键 词： | 水文模型 降水 空间分布 |
| 文章编号： | 1001-9332(2005)03-0555-04 |
| 收稿时间： | 2004-02-04 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年2月4日 |
A new precipitation distribution hydrological model and its application |
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| ZHANG Shengtang,Kang Shaozhong,LIU Yin.A new precipitation distribution hydrological model and its application[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2005,16(3):555-558. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Shengtang Kang Shaozhong LIU Yin |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semi Arid Areas of Ministry of Education, Northwest Sci Tech University of Agriculture & Forestry, Yangling 712100, China;2. Hydraulic Department, Yangling Vocational & Technical College, Yangling 712100, China; Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China |
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| Abstract: | In distribution hydrological models,precipitation is the key input data for analyzing and computing hydrological processes.Finding a way to produce distribution precipitation data is a hotspot in hydrological research.This paper presented the hypothesis that the distribution of precipitation on the earth surface is the result of the effects of atmosphere system and terrain.Moreover,the spatial distribution of natural precipitation is a group of concentric ovals on the flat earth surface,and has a definite centre with maximum precipitation not affected by terrain.Supporting by the hypothesis,this paper established a new precipitation distribution hydrological model which could simulate the spatial distribution of precipitation,and modified the terrain effect on precipitation through Newton interpolation.The position of the precipitation centre and its precipitation amount were simulated in first time,and thus,the model could have a practical value in basin storm analysis and real time runoff forecasting.The model was tested by the precipitation data of the Xichuan river basin in the Loess Plateau,which indicated that the model had a high precision. |
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| Keywords: | Hydrological model Precipitation Spatial distribution |
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