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川西亚高山暗针叶林恢复过程中岷江冷杉天然更新状况及其影响因子
引用本文:马姜明,刘世荣,史作民,张远东,缪宁.川西亚高山暗针叶林恢复过程中岷江冷杉天然更新状况及其影响因子[J].植物生态学报,2009,33(4):646-657.
作者姓名:马姜明  刘世荣  史作民  张远东  缪宁
作者单位:(1 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京 100091);(2 广西师范大学珍稀濒危动植物生态与环境保护省部共建教育部重点实验室,桂林 541004) ;(3 广西环境工程与保护评价重点实验室,桂林 541004)
基金项目:国家林业科技支撑计划项目,国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划),广西师范大学博士启动基金,广西环境上程与保护评价重点实验室研究基金 
摘    要: 在川西亚高山米亚罗林区海拔3 100~3 600 m 阴坡、半阴坡, 以立地条件基本一致的箭竹和藓类林型不同恢复阶段 (20~40 a生的箭竹阔叶林、50 a生的箭竹针阔混交林、160~200 a生的箭竹原始暗针叶老龄林; 20~40 a生的藓类阔叶林、50 a生的藓类针阔混交林、160~200 a生的藓类原始暗针叶老龄林) 的群落为研究对象, 共设置了50个样方 (20 m×20 m ), 采用空间代时间的方法分析了岷江冷杉(Abies faxoniana)的天然更新状况, 并采用通径分析法对其影响因子进行分析。结果表明: 箭竹和藓类两种森林类型岷江冷杉幼苗、幼树和小树的密度偏低。对于箭竹林型不同恢复阶段, 岷江冷杉幼苗密度<幼树密度<小树密度; 对于藓类林型不同恢复阶段, 藓类阔叶林幼树密度大于幼苗和小树密度, 藓类针阔混交林小树密度大于幼苗和幼树密度, 而藓类原始暗针叶老龄林幼苗密度大于幼树和小树密度。藓类林型岷江冷杉天然更新状况好于箭竹林型。对箭竹林型而言, 影响岷江冷杉天然更新的关键因子为母树密度、倒木蓄积量、箭竹盖度和苔藓层厚度, 其中母树密度和倒木蓄积量对岷江冷杉天然更新起着促进作用, 箭竹盖度和苔藓层厚度对岷江冷杉天然更新起着阻碍作用; 对于藓类林型而言, 影响岷江冷杉天然更新的关键因子为灌木盖度和苔藓层厚度。灌木和苔藓有利于幼苗的发生, 但不利于幼苗向幼树、小树的过渡。

关 键 词:岷江冷杉  天然更新  影响因子  通径分析  川西亚高山

NATURAL REGENERATION OF ABIES FAXONIANA ALONG RESTORATION GRADIENTS OF SUBALPINE DARK CONIFEROUS FOREST IN WESTERN SICHUAN,CHINA
MA Jiang-Ming,LIU Shi-Rong,SHI Zuo-Min,ZHANG Yuan-Dong,MIAO Ning.NATURAL REGENERATION OF ABIES FAXONIANA ALONG RESTORATION GRADIENTS OF SUBALPINE DARK CONIFEROUS FOREST IN WESTERN SICHUAN,CHINA[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2009,33(4):646-657.
Authors:MA Jiang-Ming  LIU Shi-Rong  SHI Zuo-Min  ZHANG Yuan-Dong  MIAO Ning
Affiliation:1Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of State Forestry Administration, Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 10009, China; 2Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China, Guilin 541004, China; 3The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Protection and Assessment, Guilin 541004, China
Abstract:Aims Subalpine dark coniferous forests in western Sichuan, China include natural old-growth forests and successional forests that regenerated mainly following logging over the past 50 years. Both the bamboo and moss forest types are comprised of three different restoration stages: broad-leaved forest 20–40 years old, conifer/broad-leaved mixed forest 50 years old and old-growth dark coniferous forest 160–200 years old. Our objectives were to understand how subalpine dark coniferous forests naturally regenerated following disturbance and determine key factors influencing natural regeneration. Methods We investigated densities of seedlings, saplings and small trees of the climax dominant tree species Abies faxoniana in 50 quadrats along a gradient of the different successional stages in both the bamboo and moss forest types located at 3 100–3 600 m elevation on north or northwest aspects. Important findings The densities of seedlings, saplings and small trees of A. faxoniana were generally relatively low in both the bamboo and moss forest types, but higher than that in moss forest types. Key factors enhancing natural regeneration of A. faxoniana in the bamboo forest types were density of seed-bearing trees and the stock of fallen wood. Negative factors were coverage of bamboo and thickness of moss. In the moss forest types, the coverage of shrubs and thickness of moss enhanced the occurrence of seedlings of A. faxoniana but limited the development of saplings and small trees.
Keywords:Abies faxoniana  natural regeneration  influencing factors  path analysis  subalpine of western Sichuan  China
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