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武夷山木荷种群结构和动态的研究
引用本文:蔡飞,宋永昌.武夷山木荷种群结构和动态的研究[J].植物生态学报,1997,21(2):138-148.
作者姓名:蔡飞  宋永昌
作者单位:杭州大学生命科学学院(蔡飞),华东师范大学环境科学系(宋永昌)
摘    要: 本文采用“空间序列代替时间变化”的方法,对武夷山区常绿阔叶林演替过程中木荷种群动态规律进行了研究,结果表明,在木荷种群侵入黄山松幼林向木荷林以及成熟木荷、甜槠、青冈林的发展过程中,种群结构由增长型→稳定型→成熟型→衰退型,空间分布格局由随机型趋于集群分布,种群密度呈现负增长;在成熟木荷、甜槠、青冈林中,由于种间和种内竞争的影响以及林窗效应,木荷种群结构和密度有一个波动性的变化过程,在这一变化过程中,木荷种群仍趋于集群分布。此外,对成熟木荷、甜槠、青冈林中木荷种群不同大小级的分布格局动态进行了研究,表明其幼苗、幼树和中树等级的个体均呈集群分布,而大树等级的个体呈随机分布。根据上述研究结果,对木荷种群动态机制作了探讨。

关 键 词:演替过程  木荷种群  结构和动态

A Study on the Structure and Dynamics of Schima superba Population on Wuyi Mountain
Cai Fei and Song Yongchang.A Study on the Structure and Dynamics of Schima superba Population on Wuyi Mountain[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,1997,21(2):138-148.
Authors:Cai Fei and Song Yongchang
Abstract:Schima superba is one of the dominant species of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in East China. This study was carried out on Mt. Wuyi, with the method of spatial sere substituting for time sere. On the basis of a census of all individuals of S. superba population at different successional stages, size structure, spatial pattern, population density and population dynamics were described for the species. In the early period after S. superba population invaded the Pinus taiwanensis forest, size structure of the population was characterized by a growing type, while the spatial pattern of the population showed a random type. In the process of development from P. taiwanensis forest to mature forest dominated by S. superba and C. eyrei, the size structure of the population tended to be stationary. Afterwards, it tended to be mature and senescence. In the meantime, the spatial pattern tended to be contagious type, and population density was continuously decreased. In the stages of the mature forest, the structure and density of the population had a process of fluctuation accompanying the regeneration or rehabilitation through forest gaps and the spatial pattern of the population also followed a contagious type. In addition, the spatial pattern of different size classes of the population was studied in the mature forest. It was found that the seedling, sapling and middle tree classes showed contagious type while the large tree class exhibited random type. Because the forest gaps could emerge commonly in the mature community, the population could maintain a relative steady state in a long period of time. According to the results above, the dynamic mechanism of S. superba population was discussed.
Keywords:Succession  Schima superba  Population structure  Population dynamics
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