| 不同生境条件下紫茎泽兰化感作用的变化与入侵力关系的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 于兴军,于丹,马克平.不同生境条件下紫茎泽兰化感作用的变化与入侵力关系的研究[J].植物生态学报,2004,28(6):773-780. |
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| 作者姓名： | 于兴军 于丹 马克平 |
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| 作者单位： | (1 武汉大学生命科学学院，武汉430072) |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院知识创新工程项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 在紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophorum)入侵地，草本层中的本地植物的多度和盖度与紫茎泽兰的多度和盖度具有显著的负相关关系，落叶阔叶林和公路边生境的紫茎泽兰相对多度和盖度为常绿阔叶林生境的3～5倍；而本地草本植物在组成种类、相对多度和盖度在落叶阔叶林和公路边生境比常绿阔叶林生境减少了30 %、50 % 和70 %。用生物检测的方法研究常绿阔叶林、落叶阔叶林、公路边——３个不同生境下的紫茎泽兰根和茎的水浸提液的化感作用表明：不同生境的紫茎泽兰茎和根的化感作用存在差异，即公路边>落叶阔叶林下>常绿阔叶林下，关联分析显示出不同生境条件下的化感作用力与本地植物的相对多度存在显著的相关关系，证明不同生境的化感作用的差异是紫茎泽兰的入侵效果的原因之一；在白菜(Brassica rapa)幼苗生物量生长抑制试验中，各样地的茎提取液处理的白菜幼苗生物量之间的差异大于各样地的根提取液处理之间的差异，说明对于不同样地的紫茎泽兰的入侵力，地上部分的化感作用比地下部分具有更大的贡献力。落叶阔叶林下和公路边的紫茎泽兰生长旺盛、现存单位面积生物量远远高于常绿阔叶林下，这将促使落叶阔叶林和公路边生境的单位面积上的紫茎泽兰种群的化感作用大于常绿阔叶林下的紫茎泽兰种群，使落叶阔叶林和公路边生境的本地植物群落比常绿阔叶林下的本地植物群落面临较大的竞争压力，加速落叶阔叶林下和公路边生境的本地植物群落的衰退。
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| 关 键 词： | 紫茎泽兰 化感作用 入侵力 |
| 修稿时间： | 2004年1月6日 |
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ALLELOPATHY AND INVASIVENESS BY EUPATORIUM ADENOPHORUM AT DIFFERENT SITES |
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| YU Xing-Jun , YU Dan and MA Ke-Ping.RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN ALLELOPATHY AND INVASIVENESS BY EUPATORIUM ADENOPHORUM AT DIFFERENT SITES[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2004,28(6):773-780. |
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| Authors: | YU Xing-Jun YU Dan and MA Ke-Ping |
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| Affiliation: | (1 College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China) |
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| Abstract: | With an increase in the abundance and cover of Eupatorium adenophorum, there is a concurrent decrease in the abundance and cover of native species; how ever, this decrease varies at different sites and in different forests. The rela tive abundance and cover of E. adenophorum in deciduous broad-leaved forests and a long the roadside were 3-5 times greater than in evergreen broad-leaved forests. T he composition, relative abundance and cover of native plants in deciduous b road-leaved forests and along the roadside decreased by 30%, 50% and 70%, respec tively, as compared to the evergreen broad-leaved forest. By bioassay, we investigated the allelopathy of aquatic extract from E. adenop horum that grew under evergreen broad-leaved forests, deciduous broad-leaved f orests a nd along the roadside. We found that allelopathy of aquatic extract of E. aden ophorum was different among sites, viz. roadside > deciduous broad-leaved fore sts > e vergreen broad-leaved forests. Correlation analysis showed that allelopathy of E. adenophorum was significantly correlated to the relative abundance of native spec ies at each of the sites. These results showed that differences in invasiveness among sites are due to differences in allelopathy at the different sites. The ca bbage biomass showed that the allelopathy of aquatic extract from E. adenophor um s hoots was greater among sites than its roots. This suggests that the allelopathy o f aquatic extract from E. adenophorum shoots contributes to different levels of invasiveness among sites more than its roots. The growth of E. adenophorum is hearty and the biomass per unit area is grea t al ong roadsides and under deciduous broad-leaved forests, so the allelopathy of E. adenophorum populations per unit area along roadsides and under deciduous bro ad-leaved forests must be much more than in evergreen broad-leaved forests. Henc e, the a ffects of E. adenophorum will be greater on these communities accelerating t heir decline. |
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| Keywords: | Eupatorium adenophorum Allelopathy Invasiveness |
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