| 升马唐种群生态及其田间密度调控指标的研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 吕德滋,白素娥.升马唐种群生态及其田间密度调控指标的研究[J].植物生态学报,1995,19(1):55-63. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吕德滋 白素娥 |
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| 作者单位： | 河北省农科院粮油作物研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 研究表明，马唐的生育期为62—111天，需>0℃积温1380—2716。其生殖生长阶段对季节的温度要求严，营养生长阶段宽，生育期长短主要靠营养生长期的长短来调节。马唐种子休眠期一般为150天，休眠期长短和解除休眠速率与种子贮藏条件关系密切，以恒温贮藏最快。种子发芽起点温度为15℃，60%种子发芽的有效积温平均为555.13℃。马唐种子发芽对光照要求不敏感。在农田7cm土层内的种子均能出苗，但以1—4cm层最佳。马唐的再生能力强，试验表明，凡是带有须根和幼芽的任何断节都能发生新的植株。通径分析结果表明，马唐是我国北方夏播粮田的主要杂草。马唐群体水平(x，株／m2)与夏玉米籽粒减产率(y,%)间呈以下关系模式：(1)y=0.1532x1-5574(x≤20株／m2) (2)y=-18.400+11.315lnx(x>20株／m2)与夏玉米共同生长日数对作物籽粒减产率呈以下关系模式：y=54.5956／1+89.7962e-0.1184x根据推算，在石家庄地区夏播玉米田，马唐的允许存在密度即生态经济阈值为5.8株／m2。
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| 关 键 词： | 马唐 种群 杂草控制 |
STUDY ON THE POPULATION ECOLOGY AND CONTROL OF ASCENDENT CRAB GRASS IN SUMMER GRAIN CROPS IN HEBEI PROVINCE |
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| Lu De-zi, Bai Su-e ,Li Xiang-ju,Wang Gui-qi.STUDY ON THE POPULATION ECOLOGY AND CONTROL OF ASCENDENT CRAB GRASS IN SUMMER GRAIN CROPS IN HEBEI PROVINCE[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,1995,19(1):55-63. |
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| Authors: | Lu De-zi Bai Su-e Li Xiang-ju Wang Gui-qi |
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| Abstract: | Studies indicate that crab grass has a growth period of 62—111 days and needs>0℃ accumulated temperature of 1380℃–2176℃. Grab grass has a strict demands on season and temperature at vegetative stage, but is insensitive to these conditions at reproductive stage. The length of growth period is mainly determined by that of the vegetative growth stage.Seed storage conditions have great bearings on the maintenance and release of seed dormancy. The release of seed dormancy is fastest under storage conditions of constant temperature.The minimum temperature for seed germination is 15℃. The effective accumulated temperature for the germination of 60% of the seeds is 555.13℃. The relationship between seed germination rate(y) and temperature(x) can be described by the following formula: y = - 103.722 + 15.133x- 0.288x2. The germination of seeds is insensitive to light. The results showed that the seeds buried to a depth of 7 cm generally emerged, and the maximum emergence rate occurred for the seeds buried in the depths of 1—4cm.Crab grass has a great reproductive capacity. Our results showed that almost all cutting nodals with fibrous roots and buds could develop to new plants with the exception of ear stems.The results of path analysis indicate that crab grass is a main weed for summer grain crops in Hebei Province. The relationship between the loss of crop yield(y, %)and the density(x,Plants/m2)of crab grasses could be expressed by the formula: y = 0.1532xl.5574(x≤20Plants/m2),or y = - 18.400 + 11.315lnx (x>20 Plants/m2). And the relationship between the loss of crop yield(y, %)and the days of coexistence(x) of crab grass with summer corn was formulated as: y=54.5956/ 1 + 89.7962e-0.1184x Based on our calculations, the critical density for crab grass in summer corn field in Shijiazhuang region is 5.8 Plants/m2. |
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| Keywords: | scendent crab grass Populaation Weed control |
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