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| 碳中和的生态学透视 | |
| 引用本文： | 方精云.碳中和的生态学透视[J].植物生态学报,2021,45(11):1173-1176. |
| 作者姓名： | 方精云 |
| 作者单位： | 北京大学城市与环境学院, 生态研究中心, 北京 100871 云南大学, 昆明呈贡 650500 |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金委员会基础科学中心项目(31988102) |
| 摘 要： | 在简述碳中和概念的基础上, 重点对碳中和的实现途径及生态系统碳汇的重要性进行了评述, 认为碳减排和碳增汇是实现“碳中和”的两个决定因素; 碳减排的核心是节能、调结构、增效和发展清洁能源, 碳增汇的核心是生态保护、建设和管理。由于植被自然生长和生态建设等因素, 中国陆地生态系统发挥了, 并将在未来继续发挥着重要的碳汇作用。为增强生态系统的固碳能力, 作者提出“三优”生态建设和管理原则, 即“最优的生态系统布局、最优的物种配置、最优的生态系统管理”。此外, 文章还对“后碳中和”时代可能出现的问题和挑战进行了展望, 认为碳中和后, 由于气候变化, 特别是大气CO2浓度增速减缓甚至下降等因素, 可能导致全球性的植被生产力下降, 对此可能带来的新的环境问题需要提前谋划和应对。 |
| 关 键 词： | 碳中和 碳排放 碳汇 “三优”增汇原则 “后碳中和”时代 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-11-02 |
Ecological perspectives of carbon neutrality |
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| FANG Jing-Yun.Ecological perspectives of carbon neutrality[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,2021,45(11):1173-1176. | |
| Authors: | FANG Jing-Yun |
| Affiliation: | Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Yunnan University, Chenggong, Kunming 650500, China |
| Abstract: | In this article, I first briefly introduce the concept of “Carbon Neutrality”, and then discuss the vital role of ecosystem carbon sinks in achieving the carbon neutrality target. It is assertive that any efforts to achieve the carbon neutrality target depend unavoidably on both reducing carbon emissions and enhancing carbon sequestrations. There are four key factors in reducing carbon emissions, including lowering energy consumption in human activities, restructuring fossil energy consumptions especially decreasing coal consumption, promoting energy use efficiency, and developing clean and low-carbon energy. Enhancing carbon sequestration relies inclusively on restoration, construction, and better management of the ecosystems. Benefited from enhanced vegetation growth and ecological engineering practice, Chinese terrestrial ecosystem has acted and will continue to act the significant role in the carbon sequestration. To improve the ecosystem carbon sequestration, I propose the “three-optimization principles”, i.e., optimal ecosystem arrangement, optimal species setting, and optimal ecosystem management. In addition, I also state some viewpoints on potential problems and challenges in the “post-carbon neutrality” era. It may be crucial to proactively and rationally think about the possibilities of declining global vegetation productivity and relevant new environmental issues caused by a decrease in the CO2 concentration rising in the era. |
| Keywords: | carbon neutrality carbon emission carbon sequestration “three-optimization principles” of enhancing carbon sinks “post-carbon neutrality” era |
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