| 新疆莫索湾地区短命植物的初步研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 张立运.新疆莫索湾地区短命植物的初步研究[J].植物生态学报,1985,9(3):213-222. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张立运 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆生物土壤沙漠研究所 |
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| 摘 要： | 莫索湾地区位于准噶尔盆地西南部主要由固定、半固定以及半流动的沙丘、沙地组成，是古尔班通古特沙漠的组成部分。是典型的温带荒漠气候，代表性植被是小半乔木荒漠。在这种严酷的大陆性荒漠气候条件下，由下列原因使短命植物得以发育；1.年降水量虽少，但冬有积雪，春有一定降雨，为短命植物的发育提供了有利的水分条件；2．基质为疏松沙层，毛细管作用微弱，在少雨干旱的环境中，具有一定的保水特性。春季至夏初间，湿沙层的存在为具浅根系的短命植物整个生长发育期间提供了十分有利的水分供应；3．虽然冬严寒，夏炎热，但春季和暖。其热量状况可满足短命植物进行高效光合生产的需要，尤其是较大的日温差，对光合产物的积累非常有利。莫索湾地区共有短命植物42种，分属于38属，16科。其生活型组成有短营养期多年生和短营养期一年生植物两大类群，根据繁殖特点和地下器官的形态特征等生态生物学特点进一步细分为7类。本区短命植物是两种梭梭群落的重要成员，盖度很大，在春季产量结构中占有重要地位，起着明显的层片作用。另外，在莫索湾地区短命植物常以植物群聚形式出现在裸露基质上，构成群落发展的先锋阶段。
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A Preliminary Study on the Ephemerals in the Mosowan District, Xinjiang |
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| Zhang Liyun.A Preliminary Study on the Ephemerals in the Mosowan District, Xinjiang[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,1985,9(3):213-222. |
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| Authors: | Zhang Liyun |
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| Abstract: | The Mosowan District is situated in the southwestern part of the Junggar Basin. It is covered mainly with fixed and semi-fixed sand and sand dunes, and is part of the vast Gurbantunggut Sandy Desert. With a typically temperate desert climate, the dominant vegetation hece is temperate dwarf semiarbor communities.Though the climate is severely continental, yet the ephemerals develop rather well because of the following reasons: 1) In spite of scarcity of annual rainfall, there is a certain amount of accumulated winter snow and spring rainfall, which provide the ephemerals with favourable moisture. 2)The substrate consists of loose sand which, with weak capillarity, can keep to some extent moisture from evaporation during the dry period of the year. From spring to early summer, the ephemerals with their shallow root systems can sufficiently use the water of the moist sand substrate. 3) Though winter is severe and summer is very hot, yet spring is mild, and heat is enough for their highly efficient photosynthetic system to work, and the great daily temperate rang(, is favourable for the accumulation of photosynthetic products.42 species of ephemerals have been recorded in the Mosowan District. They belong to 38 genera and 16 families. Ephemerals in the Mosowan District are important members of the two communities of Haloxyneta. Their great coverage and biomass make them important in the spring production structure. They form special spring synusiae of communities. Besides, they occur usually as conglomerates on the bare substrate and constitute the pioneer stage of community development. |
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