| 不同施肥水平对旱地冬小麦水分利用效率的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵立新,荆家海,王韶唐.不同施肥水平对旱地冬小麦水分利用效率的影响[J].植物生态学报,1991,15(4):330-343. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵立新 荆家海 王韶唐 |
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| 摘 要： | 1987—1988年，研究了旱地施肥对冬小麦(Triticum aestivum cv．Shanhe No．6)水分利用效率的影响，初步探讨了“以肥调水”的生理机制。施肥不仅提高了旱地土壤含水量，更重要的是提高了土壤水势和土壤水的有效性，从而增加了有效水分利用。施肥增大旱地冬小麦绿叶面积，延缓叶片衰老，从而降低土壤蒸发，增加蒸腾用水潜势和光合潜势，但净同化率不一定提高。施肥增加旱地冬小麦总的水分利用(ET，即蒸散量)和蒸腾(T)用水，增加地上部生物产量，提高了经济产量和水分利用效率。施肥使冬小麦同时具有耗水和节水以抵御干旱的能力，对植株具有调节作用，使之更好地适应干旱环境。
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| 关 键 词： | 土壤水势 以肥调水 水分利用效率 冬小麦 |
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION LEVELS ON WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF WINTER WHEAT UNDER DRYLAND CONDITIONS |
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| Zhao Li-xin,Jing Jia-hai,Wang Shao-tang.EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION LEVELS ON WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF WINTER WHEAT UNDER DRYLAND CONDITIONS[J].Acta Phytoecologica Sinica,1991,15(4):330-343. |
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| Authors: | Zhao Li-xin Jing Jia-hai Wang Shao-tang |
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| Abstract: | Experiments were carried out to study the effects of different fertilization levels on water use efficiency (WUE) of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Shaanhe No.6) grown in the field under dryland conditions at Luojiawa, Chengcheng, Shaanxi in 1987—1988 to explore the physiological mechanism of“regulating water using fertilizer”. The results showed that: (1)Fertilization on dryland raised not only soil water content, but also soil water potential, thus increased water use. (2) Fertilization on dryland increased leaf area of winter wheat, delayed leaf senescence, thus reduced soil evaporation, increased the potential of water-use by transpiration and the potential of photosynthesis. However, the net assimilation rate was apparantly not significantly affected. (3) Fertilization increased total water use (ET) and water-use by transpiration (T) of winter wheat under dryland conditions, increased above ground biomass yield and grain yield, so that WUE of winter wheat was improved. (4) Fertilization has the effect of regulation to winter wheat underrdryland conditions, making the plants more efficient in water economy, and hence more adaptable to drought enviroment. |
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| Keywords: | Winter wheat Regulating water using fertilizer Water use efficiency Soil water potential |
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