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浙江乐清湾湿地水鸟资源及其多样性特征
引用本文:杨月伟,夏贵荣,丁平,马仁翻,陈余钊.浙江乐清湾湿地水鸟资源及其多样性特征[J].生物多样性,2005,13(6):507-513.
作者姓名:杨月伟  夏贵荣  丁平  马仁翻  陈余钊
作者单位:1. 浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州,310028;曲阜师范大学生命科学学院,山东,曲阜,273165
2. 浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州,310028
3. 温州市林业局,浙江,温州,325005
基金项目:浙江省自然科学基金重大资助项目(ZE0204),浙江省温州市林业局资助项目。
摘    要:乐清湾是我国具有重要意义的海湾之一。作者于1997、1999和2003年对乐清湾水鸟的分布、数量和多样性特征进行了研究,共观察到54种水鸟,隶属4目7科24属。其中湾口的水鸟物种数、个体数量、多样性指数、均匀度指数以及涉禽所占比例均为最高,湾底次之,湾中部最低。影响这一区域鸟类分布和多样性的因素包括不同区域的滩涂宽度、水动力条件以及有效潮上坪面积等。乐清湾冬季水鸟的物种数呈逐年下降趋势,但年间差异均不显著。除2003年分布于湾底的水鸟个体数量比1999年有所增加外,其他区域都呈逐年下降的趋势,但只有湾口2003年和1997年间的差异显著。鸟类多样性指数和均匀度指数均呈下降趋势,说明适宜水鸟栖息的整体资源环境正逐渐退化,这可能与围垦等人为干扰因素有关。

关 键 词:海湾  滩涂  潮上坪  人为干扰  围垦
收稿时间:2005-02-22
修稿时间:2005-07-17

Species diversity of water birds in the wetland of Yueqing Bay, Zhejiang Province
Yuewei Yang,Guirong Xia,Ping Ding,Renfan Ma,Yuzhao Chen.Species diversity of water birds in the wetland of Yueqing Bay, Zhejiang Province[J].Biodiversity Science,2005,13(6):507-513.
Authors:Yuewei Yang  Guirong Xia  Ping Ding  Renfan Ma  Yuzhao Chen
Affiliation:1 College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028; 2 College of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong 273165; 3 Forestry Bureau of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325005
Abstract:We studied the species diversity of water birds in Yueqing Bay in 1997, 1999 and 2003. We observed 54 species of water birds, belonging to 24 genera, seven families and four orders. Number of species and individuals, species diversity index and evenness, and proportion of wader birds decreased from baymouth to bay-head, and was lowest in midbay. The factors affecting bird distribution and diversity were beach width, hydrodynamic conditions and the size of effective upshore intertidal area. In the Yueqing Bay, individual number of water birds tended to decrease year by year,except for those in bay-head, which increased in 2003 over 1999. The decreases between years were insignificant with the exception of baymouth from 1997 to 2003. The decline of bird species diversity and evenness index in Yueqing Bay indicated that the habitats of water birds were being degraded, which might be related to human disturbance such as reclamation.
Keywords:bay  beach  upshore intertidal area  human disturbance  reclamation
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