| 湖北神农架自然保护区昆虫的数量变化与环境关系的初步研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 周红章,于晓东,罗天宏,何君舰,周海生,叶婵娟.湖北神农架自然保护区昆虫的数量变化与环境关系的初步研究[J].生物多样性,2000,8(3):262-270. |
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| 作者姓名： | 周红章 于晓东 罗天宏 何君舰 周海生 叶婵娟 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国科学院动物研究所,北京,100080 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国科学院动物研究所所长基金，国家自然科学基金重大项目!(NSFCNo .3989336 0 )课题资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 昆虫物种多样性在生物多样性保护研究中有重要地位。湖北神农架自然保护区生物多样性极其丰富，保存状态相对良好，是我国生物多样性研究的关键地区之一。然而该地区的昆虫多样性研究极为薄弱，就是一般的物种调查也为数不多，所以调查主要昆虫类群的组成与数量变化，能为本区的生物多样性研究积累资料，并为长期监测打下基础。我们选择暖温带针叶林、落叶阔叶林、针阔叶混交林、亚高山草甸、箭竹林及溪边灌丛6种不同环境，以23块样地为代表，以巴氏罐诱法为主，结合网筛、扫网等方法，进行全面的标本采集与数据收集。经初步整理鉴定和数据分析，得到如下结果：（1）共获得标本58 368号，昆虫标本46 213号，其中膜翅目和鞘翅目数量较多，其次为半翅目、同翅目、双翅目、直翅目及脉翅目等。此外，环节动物、软体动物、多足纲及蛛形纲动物也有相当数量。在膜翅目中，个体数量最多的是蚂蚁（蚁科）；在鞘翅目中个体数量较多的类群依次是隐翅虫科、步甲科和叶甲科。（2）昆虫分布与环境的关系非常密切：仅从较高分类阶元来看，如昆虫纲的鞘翅目、双翅目、直翅目、膜翅目等，不同环境对昆虫数量分布的影响并不显著；而从相对低的分类阶元来看，如统计鞘翅目中步甲科、隐翅虫科等，则可以显示不同环境对昆虫数量分布的显著影响。（3）在一些特殊地点，发现若干比较特殊的昆虫物种，这表明神农架地区在昆虫物种保护上具有特殊地位。
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| 关 键 词： | 昆虫 数量变化 神农架自然保护区 |
| 收稿时间： | 1999-5-24 |
| 修稿时间： | 2000-3-25 |
Insect abundance and environmental effects in Shennongjia Natural Reserve, Hubei Province |
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| ZHOU Hong-Zhang,YU Xiao-Dong,LUO Tian-Hong,HE Jun-Jian,ZHOU Hai-Sheng,YE Chan-Juan.Insect abundance and environmental effects in Shennongjia Natural Reserve, Hubei Province[J].Biodiversity Science,2000,8(3):262-270. |
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| Authors: | ZHOU Hong-Zhang YU Xiao-Dong LUO Tian-Hong HE Jun-Jian ZHOU Hai-Sheng YE Chan-Juan |
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| Abstract: | Insects are the most species_rich group of all organisms. Studying insect species diversity is a fundamental part of natural conservation, and its main purpose is to reduce the increasing loss of biodiversity on this globe. Nevertheless, there have been very few studies involving insect species conservation in China. Shennongjia Natural Reserve, which owns plenty of insects species and other organisms, is one of the most important areas for terrestrial biodiversity of China. Although Shennongjia Natural Reserve has been well protected, few work has been fulfilled on insect species diversity. In this study, we focused on investigating insect species and their abundance in Shennongjia Natural Reserve in order to understand distribution patterns in different habitats, so that we can get fundamental knowledge for long_term monitoring and conservation in this area. We chose 23 samples representing six different types of vegetation, i.e. coniferous forests, deciduous broad_leaved forests, mixed forests, shrubs near river, meadows and bamboo. Besides the ordinary methods such as sifter and net trap, Barber trap was employed as the main way of quantification. The results were as follows: (1) a total of 58 368 specimens were collected, of which 46 213 were insects; the rest belonged mainly to Annelida, Mollusca, Myriopda and Arachnida. Of insects, the most abundant groups were found to be Formicidae (Hymenoptera), Staphylinidae and Carabidae (Coleoptera), and next to them were Hemiptera, Homoptera, Diptera, Orthoptera and Neuroptera; (2) vegetation types determined the distribution of insects, but the impact was significant only in terms of relatively lower taxa, family level, e.g. the beetle groups like Staphylinidae and Carabidae. From relatively higher taxa, i.e. order level, no difference was evident (the following groups were all considered in details: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera and Homoptera); (3) some species were found in some special sites, which indicated that Shennongjia was a special area for species conservation. |
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| Keywords: | insect abundance Shennongjia Natural Reserve |
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