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意大利蜜蜂和小峰熊蜂在温室桃园的传粉行为及其影响因素
引用本文:赵亚周,安建东,周志勇,董捷,邢艳红,秦建军.意大利蜜蜂和小峰熊蜂在温室桃园的传粉行为及其影响因素[J].昆虫学报,2011,54(1):89-96.
作者姓名:赵亚周  安建东  周志勇  董捷  邢艳红  秦建军
作者单位:1. 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所,农业部授粉昆虫生物学重点开放实验室,北京,100093
2. 北京市平谷区农民专业合作社指导服务中心,北京,101200
基金项目:国家自然科学基金,中国农业科学院院长基金,公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目,国家蜜蜂产业技术体系建设专项
摘    要:意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica和小峰熊蜂Bombus hypocrita是我国设施农业中的两种主要授粉昆虫,二者的传粉方式和传粉效率因不同作物而各有不同.为了选用最理想的蜂种为温室作物授粉,提高作物的授粉效率,我们于2008-2010年连续3年在北京的温室桃园进行了意大利蜜蜂和小峰熊蜂的传粉...

关 键 词:意大利蜜蜂  小峰熊蜂  授粉昆虫  温室桃园  授粉行为  环境因素  花蜜  传粉效率

Pollination behavior of Apis mellifera ligustica and Bombus hypocrita (Hymenoptera,Apidae)and the influencing factors in peach greenhouse
ZHAO Ya-Zhou,AN Jian-Dong,ZHOU Zhi-Yong,DONG Jie,XING Yan-Hong,QIN Jian-Jun.Pollination behavior of Apis mellifera ligustica and Bombus hypocrita (Hymenoptera,Apidae)and the influencing factors in peach greenhouse[J].Acta Entomologica Sinica,2011,54(1):89-96.
Authors:ZHAO Ya-Zhou  AN Jian-Dong  ZHOU Zhi-Yong  DONG Jie  XING Yan-Hong  QIN Jian-Jun
Abstract:The honeybee Apis mellifera ligustica and the bumblebee Bombus hypocrita are the two main pollinators for greenhouse agriculture in China. Their pollination behavior and activity patterns differ on some crops. In order to employ the most appropriate bee species and improve pollination efficiency, we investigated the pollination behavior of the two bee species and the factors that influence it in greenhouses for peaches between 2008 and 2010. The results showed that diurnal activity differed between the species. Compared with A. mellifera ligustica, B. hypocrita started work at a lower temperature and had a longer working day, as well as a longer visiting time per flower, and the number of foraging bees was almost the same at different distances from the nest. In contrast, the number of foraging bees of A. mellifera ligustica declined with their distance from the hive. In greenhouses, the influences of environmental factors on bees were basically the same. Temperature was the most important factor for limiting pollination activity, while the humidity, nectar concentration of a flower, and the illumination intensity, were all less important. The nectar volume per flower was not directly correlated with the level of bee activity. In conclusion, B. hypocrita should be favored for pollination in peach greenhouses. Furthermore, in order to improve the efficiency of bee pollinators, greenhouse conditions may need to be adjusted.
Keywords:Apis mellifera ligustica" target="_blank">Apis mellifera ligustica')" href="#">Apis mellifera ligustica  Bombus hypocrita" target="_blank">Bombus hypocrita')" href="#">Bombus hypocrita  insect pollinator  peach greenhouse  pollination behavior  environmental factors  nectar  pollination efficiency
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